Emergency care or services rendered by officers, employees, or agents of emergency medical services operations - Physician medical direction
N.D. Cent. Code § 23-27-04.1
in effect23-27-04.1. Emergency care or services rendered by officers, employees, or agents of
emergency medical services operations - Physician medical direction.
1. An officer, employee, or agent of an emergency medical services operation and a
physician licensed in this state who provides medical direction to an emergency
medical services operation, who is a volunteer, who in good faith renders emergency
care, services, or medical direction, is not liable to the recipient of the emergency care,
services, or medical direction for any civil damages resulting from any acts or
omissions by the person in rendering the emergency care, services, or medical
direction provided the person is properly trained according to law.
2. For the purpose of this section, "volunteer" means an individual who receives no
compensation or who is paid expenses, reasonable benefits, nominal fees, or a
combination of expenses, reasonable benefits, and nominal fees to perform the
services for which the individual volunteered, provided that the fees do not exceed ten
thousand dollars in any calendar year.
3. For a volunteer physician providing medical overview to an emergency medical
services operation and the operation's personnel, the ten thousand dollar maximum
fees amount is calculated separately for each emergency medical services operation
for which the physician volunteered medical overview. This section does not relieve a
person from liability for damages resulting from the intoxication, willful misconduct, or
gross negligence of the person rendering the emergency care or services.
4. An officer, employee, or agent of any emergency medical services operation and a
physician licensed in this state who provides medical direction to any emergency
medical services operation who in good faith does not render emergency care,
service, or medical direction to an individual based on a determination that transport of
that individual to a hospital is not medically necessary is not liable to that individual for
damages unless the damages resulted from intoxication, willful misconduct, or gross
negligence.
Source: Open US Law by Vaquill AI (CC BY 4.0)URL: https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t23c27.pdf#nameddest=23-27-04p1Fetched: 10/16/2026