Section 1789.12.

Cal. Civil Code - CIV § 1789.12.

in effect

As used in this title: (a) “Communication” means the conveyance of any information regarding a debt, credit record, credit history, or credit rating, directly or indirectly, to any person by any means or through any medium. (b) “Consumer” means any natural person who is solicited to purchase or who purchases the services of a credit services organization. (c) “Consumer credit reporting agency” has the same meaning as in Section 1785.3. (d) “Credit services organization” means a person who, with respect to the extension of credit by others, sells, provides, or performs, or represents that the person can or will sell, provide, or perform, any of the following services, in return for the payment of money or other valuable consideration: (1) Improving a consumer’s credit record, history, or rating. (2) Obtaining a loan or other extension of credit for a consumer. (3) Providing advice or assistance to a consumer with regard to either paragraph (1) or (2). (e) “Credit services organization” does not include any of the following: (1) Any person holding a license to make loans or extensions of credit pursuant to the laws of this state or the United States who is subject to regulation and supervision with respect to the making of those loans or extensions of credit by an official or agency of this state or the United States and whose business is the making of those loans or extensions of credit. (2) Any bank, as defined in Section 103 of the Financial Code, or any savings institution, as specified in subdivision (a) or (b) of Section 5102 of the Financial Code, whose deposits or accounts are eligible for insurance by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. (3) Any person licensed as a prorater by the Department of Financial Protection and Innovation when the person is acting within the course and scope of that license. (4) Any person licensed as a real estate broker performing an act for which a real estate license is required under the Real Estate Law (Part 1 (commencing with Section 10000) of Division 4 of the Business and Professions Code) and who is acting within the course and scope of that license. (5) Any attorney licensed to practice law in this state, where the attorney renders services within the course and scope of the practice of law, unless the attorney is an employee of, or otherwise directly affiliated with, a credit services organization. This includes attorneys that regularly engage in litigation in furtherance of assisting consumers with credit issues. (6) Any broker-dealer registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission or the Commodity Futures Trading Commission where the broker-dealer is acting within the course and scope of the regulation. (7) Any nonprofit organization described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code that, according to a final ruling or determination by the Internal Revenue Service, is both of the following: (A) Exempt from taxation under Section 501(a) of the Internal Revenue Code. (B) Not a private foundation as defined in Section 509 of the Internal Revenue Code. An advance ruling or determination of tax-exempt or foundation status by the Internal Revenue Service does not meet the requirements of this paragraph. (f) “Data furnisher” has the same meaning as the term “furnisher” is defined in Section 660.2 of Title 16 of the Code of Federal Regulations. (g) “Extension of credit” means the right to defer payment of debt or to incur debt and defer its payment, offered or granted primarily for personal, family, or household purposes. (h) “Person” includes an individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture, or any business entity.

References

referencesCal. Financial Code - FIN § 103.

referencesCal. Financial Code - FIN § 5102.

referencesCal. Business and Professions Code - BPC § 10000.

referencesCal. Civil Code - CIV § 1785.3.

referencesCal. Civil Code - CIV § 501.

referencesCal. Civil Code - CIV § 660.2.

Source: CA Legislative Counsel Bulk DataURL: https://downloads.leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/pubinfo_2025.zipFetched: 6/27/2026