USC Subchapter II

in effect

42 U.S.C. § 12741 Authority

The Secretary is authorized to make funds available to participating jurisdictions for investment to increase the number of families served with decent, safe, sanitary, and affordable housing and expand the long-term supply of affordable housing in accordance with provisions of this part.

42 U.S.C. § 12742 Eligible uses of investment

(a) Housing uses(1) In generalFunds made available under this part may be used by participating jurisdictions to provide incentives to develop and support affordable rental housing and homeownership affordability through the acquisition, new construction, reconstruction, or moderate or substantial rehabilitation of affordable housing, including real property acquisition, site improvement, conversion, demolition, and other expenses, including financing costs, relocation expenses of any displaced persons, families, businesses, or organizations, to provide for the payment of reasonable administrative and planning costs, to provide for the payment of operating expenses of community housing development organizations, and to provide tenant-based rental assistance. For the purpose of this part, the term “affordable housing” includes permanent housing for disabled homeless persons, transitional housing, and single room occupancy housing. (2) Preference to rehabilitationA participating jurisdiction shall give preference to rehabilitation of substandard housing unless the jurisdiction determines that—(A) such rehabilitation is not the most cost effective way to meet the jurisdiction’s need to expand the supply of affordable housing; and (B) the jurisdiction’s housing needs cannot be met through rehabilitation of the available stock. The Secretary shall not restrict a participating jurisdiction’s choice of rehabilitation, substantial rehabilitation, new construction, reconstruction, acquisition, or other eligible housing use unless such restriction is explicitly authorized under section 12753(2) of this title. (3) Tenant-based rental assistance(A) In generalA participating jurisdiction may use funds provided under this part for tenant-based rental assistance only if—(i) the jurisdiction certifies that the use of funds under this part for tenant-based rental assistance is an essential element of the jurisdiction’s annual housing strategy for expanding the supply, affordability, and availability of decent, safe, sanitary, and affordable housing, and specifies the local market conditions that lead to the choice of this option; and (ii) the tenant-based rental assistance is provided in accordance with written tenant selection policies and criteria that are consistent with the purposes of providing housing to very low- and low-income families and are reasonably related to preference rules established under section 1437d(c)(4)(A) 11 See References in Text note below. of this title. (B) Fair share not affectedA jurisdiction’s section 8 [42 U.S.C. 1437f] fair share allocation shall be unaffected by the use of assistance under this subchapter. (C) 24-month contractsRental assistance contracts made available with assistance under this subchapter shall be for not more than 24 months, except that assistance to a family may be renewed. (D) Use of section 1437f assistanceIn any case where assistance under section 1437f of this title becomes available to a participating jurisdiction, recipients of rental assistance under this subchapter shall qualify for tenant selection preferences to the same extent as when they received the rental assistance under this subchapter. A rental assistance program under this subchapter shall meet minimum criteria prescribed by the Secretary, such as housing quality standards and standards regarding the reasonableness of the rent. (E) Security deposit assistanceA jurisdiction using funds provided under this part for tenant-based rental assistance may use such funds to provide loans or grants to very low- and low-income families for security deposits for rental of dwelling units. Assistance under this subparagraph does not preclude assistance under any other provision of this paragraph. (4) Redesignated (3) (5) Lead-based paint hazardsA participating jurisdiction may use funds provided under this part for the evaluation and reduction of lead-based paint hazards, as defined in section 4851b of this title. (b) InvestmentsParticipating jurisdictions shall have discretion to invest funds made available under this part as equity investments, interest-bearing loans or advances, noninterest-bearing loans or advances, interest subsidies or other forms of assistance that the Secretary has determined to be consistent with the purposes of this subchapter. Each participating jurisdiction shall have the right to establish the terms of assistance. (c) Administrative costsIn each fiscal year, each participating jurisdiction may use not more than 10 percent of the funds made available under this part to the jurisdiction for such year for any administrative and planning costs of the jurisdiction in carrying out this part, including the costs of the salaries of persons engaged in administering and managing activities assisted with funds made available under this part. (d) Prohibited usesFunds made available under this part may not be used to—(1) defray any administrative cost of a participating jurisdiction that exceed the amount specified under subsection (c), (2) provide tenant-based rental assistance for the special purposes of the existing section 8 [42 U.S.C. 1437f] program, including replacing public housing that is demolished or disposed of, preserving federally assisted housing, assisting in the disposition of housing owned or held by the Secretary, preventing displacement from rental rehabilitation projects, or extending or renewing tenant-based assistance under section 1437f of this title, (3) provide non-Federal matching contributions required under any other Federal program, (4) provide assistance authorized under section 1437g of this title, (5) carry out activities authorized under section 1437g(d)(1) 1 of this title, or (6) provide assistance to eligible low-income housing under the Emergency Low Income Housing Preservation Act of 1987 or the Low-Income Housing Preservation and Resident Homeownership Act of 1990 [12 U.S.C. 4101 et seq.]. (e) Cost limits(1) In generalThe Secretary shall establish limits on the amount of funds under this part that may be invested on a per unit basis. For multifamily housing, such limits shall not be less than the per unit dollar amount limitations set forth in section 1715l(d)(3)(ii) of title 12, as such limitations may be adjusted in accordance therewith, except that for purposes of this subsection the Secretary shall, by regulation, increase the per unit dollar amount limitations in any geographical area by an amount, not to exceed 140 percent, that equals the amount by which the costs of multifamily housing construction in the area exceed the national average of such costs. The limits shall be established on a market-by-market basis, with adjustments made for number of bedrooms, and shall reflect the actual cost of new construction, reconstruction, or rehabilitation of housing that meets applicable State and local housing and building codes and the cost of land, including necessary site improvements. Adjustments shall be made annually to reflect inflation. Separate limits may be set for different eligible activities. (2) CriteriaIn calculating per unit limits, the Secretary shall take into account that assistance under this subchapter is intended to—(A) provide nonluxury housing with suitable amenities; (B) operate effectively in all jurisdictions; (C) facilitate mixed-income housing; and (D) reflect the costs associated with meeting the special needs of tenants or homeowners that the housing is designed to serve. (3) ConsultationIn calculating cost limits, the Secretary shall consult with organizations that have expertise in the development of affordable housing, including national nonprofit organizations and national organizations representing private development firms and State and local governments. (f) Certification of complianceThe requirements of section 3545(d) of this title shall be satisfied by a certification by a participating jurisdiction to the Secretary that the combination of Federal assistance provided to any housing project shall not be any more than is necessary to provide affordable housing. (g) Limitation on operating assistanceA participating jurisdiction may not use more than 5 percent of its allocation under this part for the payment of operating expenses for community housing development organizations.

42 U.S.C. § 12743 Development of model programs

(a) In generalThe Secretary shall—(1) in cooperation with participating jurisdictions, government-sponsored mortgage finance corporations, nonprofit organizations, the private sector, and other appropriate parties, develop, test, evaluate, refine, and, as necessary, replace a selection of model programs designed to carry out the purposes of this subchapter; (2) make available to participating jurisdictions alternative model programs, which shall include suggested guidelines, procedures, forms, legal documents and such other elements as the Secretary determines to be appropriate; (3) assure, insofar as is feasible, the availability of an appropriate variety of model programs designed for local market conditions, housing problems, project characteristics, and managerial capacities as they differ among participating jurisdictions; (4) negotiate and enter into agreements with agencies of the Federal Government, participating jurisdictions, private financial institutions, government-sponsored mortgage finance corporations, nonprofit organizations, and other entities to provide such services, products, or financing as may be required for the implementation of a model program; (5) provide detailed information on model programs as requested by participating jurisdictions, private financial institutions, developers, nonprofit organizations, and other interested parties; and (6) encourage the use of such model programs to achieve efficiency, economies of scale, and effectiveness in the investment of funds made available under this part through third-party training, printed materials, and such other means of support as the Secretary determines will achieve the purpose of this subchapter. (b) Adoption of programsExcept as provided in section 12753(2) of this title, each participating jurisdiction shall have the discretion to adopt one or more model programs, adapt one or more model programs to its own requirements, design additional forms of assistance by itself or in cooperation with other participating jurisdictions, and suggest additional model programs for adoption by the Secretary as the participating jurisdiction may deem appropriate, and the Secretary may assist a participating jurisdiction in adopting, adapting, or designing one or more model programs. (c) Part D programsThe selection of model programs to be made available for adoption or adaptation shall include programs meeting the criteria set forth in part D.

42 U.S.C. § 12744 Income targeting

Each participating jurisdiction shall invest funds made available under this part within each fiscal year so that— (1) with respect to rental assistance and rental units—(A) not less than 90 percent of (i) the families receiving such rental assistance are families whose incomes do not exceed 60 percent of the median family income for the area, as determined by the Secretary with adjustments for smaller and larger families, (except that the Secretary may establish income ceilings higher or lower than 60 percent of the median for the area on the basis of the Secretary’s findings that such variations are necessary because of prevailing levels of construction cost or fair market rent, or unusually high or low family income) at the time of occupancy or at the time funds are invested, whichever is later, or (ii) the dwelling units assisted with such funds are occupied by families having such incomes; and (B) the remainder of (i) the families receiving such rental assistance are households that qualify as low-income families (other than families described in subparagraph (A)) at the time of occupancy or at the time funds are invested, whichever is later, or (ii) the dwelling units assisted with such funds are occupied by such households; (2) with respect to homeownership assistance, 100 percent of such funds are invested with respect to dwelling units that are occupied by households that qualify as low-income families; and (3) all such funds are invested with respect to housing that qualifies as affordable housing under section 12745 of this title.

42 U.S.C. § 12745 Qualification as affordable housing

(a) Rental housing(1) QualificationHousing that is for rental shall qualify as affordable housing under this subchapter only if the housing—(A) bears rents not greater than the lesser of (i) the existing fair market rent for comparable units in the area as established by the Secretary under section 1437f of this title, or (ii) a rent that does not exceed 30 percent of the adjusted income of a family whose income equals 65 percent of the median income for the area, as determined by the Secretary, with adjustment for number of bedrooms in the unit, except that the Secretary may establish income ceilings higher or lower than 65 percent of the median for the area on the basis of the Secretary’s findings that such variations are necessary because of prevailing levels of construction costs or fair market rents, or unusually high or low family incomes; (B) has not less than 20 percent of the units (i) occupied by very low-income families who pay as a contribution toward rent (excluding any Federal or State rental subsidy provided on behalf of the family) not more than 30 percent of the family’s monthly adjusted income as determined by the Secretary, or (ii) occupied by very low-income families and bearing rents not greater than the gross rent for rent-restricted residential units as determined under section 42(g)(2) of title 26; (C) is occupied only by households that qualify as low-income families; (D) is not refused for leasing to a holder of a voucher or certificate of eligibility under section 1437f of this title because of the status of the prospective tenant as a holder of such voucher or certificate of eligibility; (E) will remain affordable, according to binding commitments satisfactory to the Secretary, for the remaining useful life of the property, as determined by the Secretary, without regard to the term of the mortgage or to transfer of ownership, or for such other period that the Secretary determines is the longest feasible period of time consistent with sound economics and the purposes of this Act, except upon a foreclosure by a lender (or upon other transfer in lieu of foreclosure) if such action (i) recognizes any contractual or legal rights of public agencies, nonprofit sponsors, or others to take actions that would avoid termination of low-income affordability in the case of foreclosure or transfer in lieu of foreclosure, and (ii) is not for the purpose of avoiding low income affordability restrictions, as determined by the Secretary; and (F) if newly constructed, meets the energy efficiency standards promulgated by the Secretary in accordance with section 12709 of this title. (2) Adjustment of qualifying rentThe Secretary may adjust the qualifying rent established for a project under subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1), only if the Secretary finds that such adjustment is necessary to support the continued financial viability of the project and only by such amount as the Secretary determines is necessary to maintain continued financial viability of the project. (3) Increases in tenant incomeHousing shall qualify as affordable housing despite a temporary noncompliance with subparagraph (B) or (C) of paragraph (1) if such noncompliance is caused by increases in the incomes of existing tenants and if actions satisfactory to the Secretary are being taken to ensure that all vacancies are filled in accordance with paragraph (1) until such noncompliance is corrected. Tenants who no longer qualify as low-income families shall pay as rent the lesser of the amount payable by the tenant under State or local law or 30 percent of the family’s adjusted monthly income, as recertified annually. The preceding sentence shall not apply with respect to funds made available under this Act for units that have been allocated a low-income housing tax credit by a housing credit agency pursuant to section 42 of title 26. (4) Mixed-income projectHousing that accounts for less than 100 percent of the dwelling units in a project shall qualify as affordable housing if such housing meets the criteria of this section. (5) Mixed-use projectHousing in a project that is designed in part for uses other than residential use shall qualify as affordable housing if such housing meets the criteria of this section. (6) Waiver of qualifying rent(A) In generalFor the purpose of providing affordable housing appropriate for families described in subparagraph (B), the Secretary may, upon the application of the project owner, waive the applicability of subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1) with respect to a dwelling unit if—(i) the unit is occupied by such a family, on whose behalf tenant-based assistance is provided under section 1437f of this title; (ii) the rent for the unit is not greater than the existing fair market rent for comparable units in the area, as established by the Secretary under section 1437f of this title; and (iii) the Secretary determines that the waiver, together with waivers under this paragraph for other dwelling units in the project, will result in the use of amounts described in clause (iii) 11 So in original. in an effective manner that will improve the provision of affordable housing for such families. (B) Eligible familiesA family described in this subparagraph is a family that consists of at least one elderly person (who is the head of household) and one or more of such person’s grand 22 So in original. Probably should be “grandchildren”. children, great grandchildren, great nieces, great nephews, or great great grandchildren (as defined by the Secretary), but does not include any parent of such grandchildren, great grandchildren, great nieces, great nephews, or great great grandchildren. Such term includes any such grandchildren, great grandchildren, great nieces, great nephews, or great great grandchildren who have been legally adopted by such elderly person. (b) HomeownershipHousing that is for homeownership shall qualify as affordable housing under this subchapter only if the housing—(1) has an initial purchase price that does not exceed 95 percent of the median purchase price for the area, as determined by the Secretary with such adjustments for differences in structure, including whether the housing is single-family or multifamily, and for new and old housing as the Secretary determines to be appropriate; (2) is the principal residence of an owner whose family qualifies as a low-income family—(A) in the case of a contract to purchase existing housing, at the time of purchase; (B) in the case of a lease-purchase agreement for existing housing or for housing to be constructed, at the time the agreement is signed; or (C) in the case of a contract to purchase housing to be constructed, at the time the contract is signed; (3) is subject to resale restrictions that are established by the participating jurisdiction and determined by the Secretary to be appropriate to—(A) allow for subsequent purchase of the property only by persons who meet the qualifications specified under paragraph (2), at a price which will—(i) provide the owner with a fair return on investment, including any improvements, and (ii) ensure that the housing will remain affordable to a reasonable range of low-income homebuyers; or (B) recapture the investment provided under this subchapter in order to assist other persons in accordance with the requirements of this subchapter, except where there are no net proceeds or where the net proceeds are insufficient to repay the full amount of the assistance; and (4) if newly constructed, meets the energy efficiency standards promulgated by the Secretary in accordance with section 12709 of this title.

42 U.S.C. § 12746 Participation by States and local governments

The Secretary shall designate a State or unit of general local government to be a participating jurisdiction when it complies with procedures that the Secretary shall establish by regulation, which procedures shall only provide for the following: (1) AllocationNot later than 20 days after funds to carry out this part become available (or, during the first year after November 28, 1990, not later than 20 days after (A) funds to carry out this part are provided in an appropriations Act, or (B) regulations to implement this part are promulgated, whichever is later), the Secretary shall allocate funds in accordance with section 12747 of this title and promptly notify each jurisdiction receiving a formula allocation of its allocation amount. If a jurisdiction is not already a participating jurisdiction, the Secretary shall inform the jurisdiction in writing how the jurisdiction may become a participating jurisdiction. (2) ConsortiaA consortium of geographically contiguous units of general local government shall be deemed to be a unit of general local government for purposes of this subchapter if the Secretary determines that the consortium—(A) has sufficient authority and administrative capability to carry out the purposes of this subchapter on behalf of its member jurisdictions, and (B) will, according to a written certification by the State (or States, if the consortium includes jurisdictions in more than one State), direct its activities to alleviation of housing problems within the State or States. (3) Eligibility(A) Except as provided in paragraph (10), a jurisdiction receiving a formula allocation under section 12747 of this title shall be eligible to become a participating jurisdiction if its formula allocation is $750,000 or greater, or if the Secretary finds that—(i) the jurisdiction has a local housing authority and has demonstrated a capacity to carry out provisions of this part, and (ii) the State has authorized the Secretary to transfer to the jurisdiction a portion of the State’s allocation that is equal to or greater than the difference between the jurisdiction’s formula allocation and $750,000, or the State or jurisdiction has made available from the State’s or jurisdiction’s own sources an equal amount for use by the jurisdiction in conformance with the provisions of this part. (B) If a jurisdiction has met the requirements of subparagraph (A), the jurisdiction’s formula allocation for a fiscal year shall subsequently be deemed to equal the sum of the jurisdiction’s allocation under section 12747(a)(1) of this title and the amount made available to the jurisdiction under subparagraph (A)(ii). (4) NotificationIf an eligible jurisdiction notifies the Secretary in writing, not later than 30 days after receiving notification under paragraph (1), of its intention to become a participating jurisdiction, the Secretary shall reserve an amount equal to the jurisdiction’s allocation (plus any reallocations for which the jurisdiction is eligible under section 12747(d)(1) of this title) pending the jurisdiction’s designation as a participating jurisdiction. The Secretary shall reallocate, in accordance with paragraph (6) of this section, any funds reserved under the previous sentence if the Secretary determines that the jurisdiction will not meet the requirements for designation as a participating jurisdiction within a reasonable period of time. (5) Submission of strategyNot later than 90 days after providing notification under paragraph (4), an eligible jurisdiction shall submit to the Secretary a comprehensive housing affordability strategy in accordance with section 12705 of this title. (6) ReallocationIf the Secretary determines that a jurisdiction has failed to meet the requirements of the previous 3 paragraphs or if the Secretary, after providing for amendments and resubmissions in accordance with section 12705(c)(3) of this title, disapproves the jurisdiction’s comprehensive housing affordability strategy, the Secretary shall reallocate any funds reserved for the jurisdiction as follows:(A) StateIf a State has failed to meet the requirements, the Secretary shall—(i) make any funds reserved for the State available by direct reallocation among applications submitted by units of general local government within the State or consortia that include units of general local government within the State, insofar as approvable applications meeting the selection criteria under section 12747(c) of this title are received within 12 months after the funds become available for the direct reallocation, and (ii) reallocate the remainder by formula in accordance with section 12747(b) of this title. (B) LocalIf a unit of general local government has failed to meet the requirements and is located in a State that is a participating jurisdiction, the Secretary shall reallocate to the State any funds reserved for the locality, with preference going to the provision of affordable housing within the locality. (C) Direct reallocationIf a unit of general local government has failed to meet the requirements and is located in a State that is not a participating jurisdiction, the Secretary shall—(i) make any funds reserved for the locality available for use within the State by direct reallocation among units of general local government and community housing development organizations, insofar as approvable applications meeting the selection criteria under section 12747(c) of this title are received within 12 months after the funds become available for the direct reallocation with priority going to applications for affordable housing within the locality, and (ii) reallocate the remainder in accordance with section 12747(b) of this title. (D) Certain jurisdictions deemed to be participating jurisdictionsIf a State or unit of general local government is meeting the requirements of paragraphs (3), (4), and (5), it shall be deemed to be a participating jurisdiction for purposes of reallocation under this paragraph. (7) DesignationThe Secretary shall designate an eligible jurisdiction to be a participating jurisdiction as soon as its comprehensive housing affordability strategy is approved in accordance with section 12705 of this title. (8) Continuous designationOnce a State or unit of general local government is designated a participating jurisdiction, it shall remain a participating jurisdiction for subsequent fiscal years, except as provided in paragraph (9). The provisions of paragraphs (3) through (6) shall not apply to participating jurisdictions. (9) RevocationThe Secretary may revoke a jurisdiction’s designation as a participating jurisdiction if—(A) the Secretary finds, after reasonable notice and opportunity for hearing, that the jurisdiction is unwilling or unable to carry out the provisions of this subchapter, or (B) the jurisdiction’s allocation falls below $750,000 for 3 consecutive years, below $625,000 for 2 consecutive years, or the jurisdiction does not receive a formula allocation of $500,000 or more in any 1 year, except as provided in paragraph (10). If a jurisdiction’s designation as a participating jurisdiction is revoked, any remaining line of credit in the jurisdiction’s HOME Investment Trust Fund established under section 12748 of this title shall be reallocated in accordance with paragraph (6) of this section. (10) Threshold reductionIf the amount appropriated pursuant to section 12724 of this title for any fiscal year is less than $1,500,000,000, then this section shall be applied during that year—(A) by substituting “$500,000” for “$750,000” both places it appears in paragraph (3); and (B) by substituting “$500,000”, “$410,000”, and “$335,000” for “$750,000”, “$625,000”, and “$500,000”, respectively, where they appear in paragraph (9).

42 U.S.C. § 12747 Allocation of resources

(a) In general(1) States and units of general local governmentAfter reserving amounts under paragraph (3) for the insular areas, the Secretary shall allocate funds approved in an appropriation Act to carry out this subchapter by formula as provided in subsection (b). Of the funds made available under the preceding sentence, the Secretary shall initially allocate 60 percent among units of general local government and 40 percent among States. (2) Repealed. Pub. L. 104–330, title V, § 505(a)(1)(B), Oct. 26, 1996, 110 Stat. 4044 (3) 11 See 1992 Amendment note below. Insular areasFor each fiscal year, of any amounts approved in appropriation Acts to carry out this subchapter, the Secretary shall reserve for grants to the insular areas the greater of (A) $750,000, or (B) 0.2 percent of the amounts appropriated under such Acts. The Secretary shall provide for the distribution of amounts reserved under this paragraph among the insular areas pursuant to specific criteria for such distribution, which shall be contained in a regulation issued by the Secretary. (b) Formula allocation(1) In general(A) Basic formulaThe Secretary shall establish in 22 So in original. Probably should be “by”. regulation an allocation formula that reflects each jurisdiction’s share of total need among eligible jurisdiction 33 So in original. Probably should be “jurisdictions”. for an increased supply of affordable housing for very low-income and low-income families of different size, as identified by objective measures of inadequate housing supply, substandard housing, the number of low-income families in housing likely to be in need of rehabilitation, the costs of producing housing, poverty, and the relative fiscal incapacity of the jurisdiction to carry out housing activities eligible under section 12742 of this title without Federal assistance. Allocation among units of general local government shall take into account the housing needs of metropolitan cities, urban counties, and approved consortia of units of general local government. (B) Source of dataThe data to be used for formula allocation of funds within a fiscal year shall be data obtained from a standard source that are available to the Secretary 90 days prior to the beginning of that fiscal year. (C) Use of basic formulaThe basic formula established under subparagraph (A) shall be used for all formula allocations and reallocations provided for in this part. (D) WeightsWhen allocation is made among States, the Secretary shall apply the formula in subparagraph (A) giving 20 percent weight to measures of need for the whole State and 80 percent weight to measures of need among units of general local government that are not receiving an allocation under section 12746(1) of this title. (E) AdjustmentsIn developing the basic formula in subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall (i) avoid the allocation of an excessively large share of amounts made available under this part to any one State or unit of general local government, and (ii) take into account the need for a geographic distribution of amounts made available under this part that appropriately reflects the housing need in each region of the Nation. (F) ConsultationThe Secretary shall develop the formula in subparagraph (A) in ongoing consultation with (i) the Subcommittee on Housing and Urban Affairs of the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate, (ii) the Subcommittee on Housing and Community Development of the Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs of the House of Representatives, and (iii) organizations representing States and units of general local government. Not less than 60 days prior to publishing a formula for comment, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs of the House of Representatives a copy of the formula the Secretary intends to propose. (2) Minimum State allocation(A) In generalIf the formula, when applied to funds approved under this section in appropriations Acts for a fiscal year, would allocate less than $3,000,000 to any State, the allocation for such State shall be $3,000,000, and the increase shall be deducted pro rata from the allocations of other States. (B) Increased minimum allocationIf no unit of general local government within a State receives an allocation under paragraph (3), the State’s allocation shall be increased by $500,000. Priority for use of such increased allocation shall go to the provision of affordable housing within the boundaries of metropolitan cities, urban counties, and approved consortia within the State, based on the need for such funds. The increased allocation to a State under the preceding sentence shall be derived by a pro rata deduction from the allocations to units of general local government in all States, except that such pro rata deduction shall not reduce the allocation of any unit of general local government below $500,000. (3) Minimum local allocationThe Secretary shall allocate funds available for formula allocation to units of general local government that, as of the end of the previous fiscal year, qualified as metropolitan cities, urban counties, and consortia approved by the Secretary in accordance with section 12746(2) of this title so that, when all such funds are initially allocated by formula, jurisdictions that are allocated an amount of $500,000 or more, and participating jurisdictions (other than consortia that fail to renew the membership of all of their member jurisdictions) that are allocated an amount less than $500,000, shall receive an allocation. Prior to announcing initial allocations, the Secretary shall successively recalculate the allocations to jurisdictions under this subsection so that the maximum number of such jurisdictions can receive initial allocations, except as provided in paragraph (4). (4) Threshold reductionIf the amount appropriated pursuant to section 12724 of this title for any fiscal year is less than $1,500,000,000, then this section shall be applied during that year by substituting “$335,000” for “$500,000” where it appears in paragraph (3). (c) Criteria for direct reallocationThe Secretary shall establish objective criteria for making direct reallocations to any participating jurisdiction and other eligible entities. A jurisdiction shall be eligible for a direct reallocation under this subsection only if the jurisdiction, in a form acceptable to the Secretary, submits an application that demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Secretary that the jurisdiction is engaged, or has made good faith efforts to engage, in cooperative efforts between the State and appropriate participating jurisdictions within the State to develop, coordinate, and implement housing strategies under this subchapter. The Secretary shall by regulation establish objective selection criteria for such direct reallocations, which criteria shall take into account—(1) the applicant’s demonstrated commitment to expand the supply of affordable rental housing, including units developed by public housing agencies, as indicated by the additional number of units of affordable housing made available through production or rehabilitation within the previous 2 years, making adjustment for regional variations in construction and rehabilitation costs and giving special consideration to the number of additional units made available under this subchapter through production or rehabilitation, including units developed by public housing agencies, in relation to the amounts made available under this program; (2) the applicant’s actions that—(A) direct funds made available under this part to benefit very low-income families, with a range of incomes, in amounts that exceed the income targeting requirements of section 12744 of this title, with extra consideration given for activities that expand the supply of affordable housing for very low-income families whose incomes do not exceed 30 percent of the median family income for the area, as determined by the Secretary; (B) apply the tenant selection preference categories applicable under section 1437f of this title to the selection of tenants for housing assisted under this part; (C) provide matching resources in excess of funds required under section 12750 of this title; and (D) stimulate a high degree of investment and participation in development by the private sector, including nonprofit organizations; and (3) the degree to which the applicant is pursuing policies that—(A) make existing housing more affordable; (B) remove or ameliorate any negative effects that public policies identified by the applicant pursuant to section 12705(b)(4) of this title may have on the cost of housing or the incentives to develop, maintain, or improve affordable housing in the jurisdiction; (C) preserve the affordability of privately-owned housing that is vulnerable to conversion, demolition, disinvestment, or abandonment; (D) increase the supply of housing that is affordable to very low-income and low-income persons, particularly in areas that are accessible to expanding job opportunities; and (E) remedy the effects of discrimination and improve housing opportunities for disadvantaged minorities. (d) Reallocations(1) In generalThe Secretary shall make any reallocations periodically throughout each fiscal year so as to ensure that all funds to be reallocated are made available to eligible jurisdictions as soon as possible, consistent with orderly program administration. Jurisdictions eligible for such reallocations shall include participating jurisdictions and jurisdictions meeting the requirements of paragraphs (3), (4), and (5) of section 12746 of this title. (2) CommitmentsThe Secretary shall establish procedures according to which participating jurisdictions may make commitments to invest funds made available under this section. Such procedures shall provide for appropriate stages of commitment of funds to a project from initial reservation through binding commitment. Notwithstanding any other provision of this subchapter, funds that the Secretary determines are needed to fulfill binding commitments shall not be available for reallocation. (3) LimitationUnless otherwise specified in this part, any reallocation of funds from a State shall be made only among all participating States, and any reallocation of funds from units of general local government shall be made only among all participating units of general local government.

42 U.S.C. § 12748 HOME Investment Trust Funds

(a) EstablishmentThe Secretary shall establish for each participating jurisdiction a HOME Investment Trust Fund, which shall be an account (or accounts as provided in section 12749(c) of this title) for use solely to invest in affordable housing within the participating jurisdiction’s boundaries or within the boundaries of contiguous jurisdictions in joint projects which serve residents from both jurisdictions in accordance with the provisions of this part. (b) Line of creditThe Secretary shall establish a line of credit in the HOME Investment Trust Fund of each participating jurisdiction, which line of credit shall include—(1) funds allocated or reallocated to the participating jurisdiction under section 12747 of this title, and (2) any payment or repayment made pursuant to section 12749 of this title. (c) ReductionsA participating jurisdiction’s line of credit shall be reduced by—(1) funds drawn from the HOME Investment Trust Fund by the participating jurisdiction, (2) funds expiring under subsection (g), and (3) any penalties assessed by the Secretary under section 12754 11 So in original. Probably should be section “12753”. of this title. (d) CertificationA participating jurisdiction may draw funds from its HOME Investment Trust Fund, but not to exceed the remaining line of credit, only after providing certification that the funds shall be used pursuant to the participating jurisdiction’s approved housing strategy and in compliance with all requirements of this subchapter. When such certification is received, the Secretary shall immediately disburse such funds in accordance with the form of the assistance determined by the participating jurisdiction. (e) Investment within 15 daysThe participating jurisdiction shall, not later than 15 days after funds are drawn from the jurisdiction’s HOME Investment Trust Fund, invest such funds, together with any interest earned thereon, in the affordable housing for which the funds were withdrawn. (f) No interest or feesThe Secretary shall not charge any interest or levy any other fee with regard to funds in a HOME Investment Trust Fund. (g) Expiration of right to draw fundsIf any funds becoming available to a participating jurisdiction under this subchapter are not placed under binding commitment to affordable housing within 24 months after the last day of the month in which such funds are deposited in the jurisdiction’s HOME Investment Trust Fund, the jurisdiction’s right to draw such funds from the HOME Investment Trust Fund shall expire. The Secretary shall reduce the line of credit in the participating jurisdiction’s HOME Investment Trust Fund by the expiring amount and shall reallocate the funds by formula in accordance with section 12747(d) of this title. (h) Administrative provisionThe Secretary shall keep each participating jurisdiction informed of the status of its HOME Investment Trust Fund, including the status of amounts under various stages of commitment.

42 U.S.C. § 12749 Repayment of investment

(a) In generalAny repayment of funds drawn from a jurisdiction’s HOME Investment Trust Fund, and any payment of interest or other return on the investment of such funds, shall be deposited in such jurisdiction’s HOME Investment Trust Fund, except that, if the jurisdiction is not a participating jurisdiction when such payment or repayment is made, the amount of such payment or repayment shall be reallocated in accordance with section 12747(d) of this title. (b) Assurance of repaymentEach participating jurisdiction shall enter into an agreement with the Secretary ensuring that funds invested in affordable housing under this part are repayable when the housing no longer qualifies as affordable housing. Any repayment under the previous sentence shall be for deposit in the HOME Investment Trust Fund of the jurisdiction making the investment; except that if such jurisdiction is not a participating jurisdiction when such repayment is made, the amount of such repayment shall be reallocated in accordance with section 12747(d) of this title. (c) AvailabilityThe Secretary shall take such actions as are necessary to ensure that any repayments deposited in a HOME Investment Trust Fund in accordance with this section shall be immediately available to the participating jurisdiction for investment subject to the provisions of this part that apply to funds that are allocated under section 12747 of this title. Actions authorized under the preceding sentence may include authorizing the establishment for a participating jurisdiction of a HOME Investment Trust Fund account outside of the Federal Government that, under arrangements satisfactory to the Secretary, shall be used solely to invest in affordable housing within the participating jurisdiction’s boundaries in accordance with the provisions of this subchapter. Such accounts shall be established in such a manner that repayments are not receipts or collections of the Federal Government.

42 U.S.C. § 12750 Matching requirements

(a) ContributionEach participating jurisdiction shall make contributions to housing that qualifies as affordable housing under this subchapter that total, throughout a fiscal year, not less than 25 percent of the funds drawn from the jurisdiction’s HOME Investment Trust Fund in such fiscal year. Such contributions shall be in addition to any amounts made available under section 12746(3)(A)(ii) of this title. (b) Recognition(1) In generalA contribution shall be recognized for purposes of subsection (a) only if it—(A) is made with respect to housing that qualifies as affordable housing under section 12745 of this title; or (B) is made with respect to any portion of a project not less than 50 percent of the units of which qualify as affordable housing under section 12745 of this title. (2) Administrative expensesContributions for administrative expenses may not be recognized for purposes of subsection (a). (c) FormSuch contributions may be in the form of—(1) cash contributions from non-Federal resources, which may not include funds from a grant made under section 5306(b) or section 5306(d) of this title; (2) the value of taxes, fees, or other charges that are normally and customarily imposed but are waived, foregone, or deferred in a manner that achieves affordability of housing assisted under this subchapter; (3) the value of land or other real property as appraised according to procedures acceptable to the Secretary; (4) the value of investment in on-site and off-site infrastructure directly required for affordable housing assisted under this subchapter; (5) Redesignated (4) (6) up to—(A) 50 percent of proceeds from bond financing validly issued by a State or local government, agency or instrumentality thereof, or political subdivision thereof, and repayable with revenues derived from a multifamily affordable housing project financed, and (B) 25 percent of proceeds from bond financing validly issued by a State or local government, agency or instrumentality thereof, or political subdivision thereof, and repayable with revenues derived from a single-family project financed, but not more than 25 percent of the contribution required under subsection (a) may be derived from these sources; (7) the reasonable value of any site-preparation and construction materials and any donated or voluntary labor in connection with the site-preparation for, or construction or rehabilitation of, affordable housing; and (8) such other contributions to affordable housing as the Secretary considers appropriate. (d) Reduction of requirement(1) In generalThe Secretary shall reduce the matching requirement under subsection (a) with respect to any funds drawn from a jurisdiction’s HOME Investment Trust Fund Account during a fiscal year by—(A) 50 percent for a jurisdiction that certifies that it is in fiscal distress; and (B) 100 percent for a jurisdiction that certifies that it is in severe fiscal distress. (2) DefinitionsFor purposes of this section—(A) “fiscal distress” means a jurisdiction other than a State that satisfies 1 of the distress criteria set forth in paragraph (3); and (B) “severe fiscal distress” means a jurisdiction other than a State that satisfies both of the distress criteria set forth in paragraph (3). (3) Distress criteriaFor purposes of a jurisdiction other than a State certifying that it is distressed, the following criteria shall apply:(A) Poverty rateThe average poverty rate in the jurisdiction for the calendar year immediately preceding the year in which its fiscal year begins was equal to or greater than 125 percent of the average national poverty rate during such calendar year (as determined according to information of the Bureau of the Census). (B) Per capita incomeThe average per capita income in the jurisdiction for the calendar year immediately preceding the year in which its fiscal year begins was less than 75 percent of the average national per capita income during such calendar year (as determined according to information of the Bureau of the Census). (4) StatesIn determining the degree to which a jurisdiction that is a State is distressed, the Secretary shall take into consideration the State’s fiscal capacity and expenditure needs as determined by a national organization which compiles the relevant data. (5) Waiver in disaster areasIf a participating jurisdiction is located in an area in which a declaration of a disaster pursuant to the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act [42 U.S.C. 5121 et seq.] is in effect for any part of a fiscal year, the Secretary may reduce the matching requirement for that fiscal year under subsection (a) with respect to any funds drawn from a jurisdiction’s HOME Investment Trust Fund Account during that fiscal year by up to 100 percent.

42 U.S.C. § 12751 Private-public partnership

Each participating jurisdiction shall make all reasonable efforts, consistent with the purposes of this subchapter, to maximize participation by the private sector, including nonprofit organizations and for-profit entities, in the implementation of the jurisdiction’s housing strategy, including participation in the financing, development, rehabilitation and management of affordable housing. Nothing in the previous sentence shall preclude public housing authorities from fully participating in the implementation of a jurisdiction’s housing strategy.

42 U.S.C. § 12752 Distribution of assistance

(a) LocalEach participating jurisdiction shall, insofar as is feasible, distribute assistance under this part geographically within its boundaries and among different categories of housing need, according to the priorities of housing need identified in the jurisdiction’s approved housing strategy. (b) StateParticipating States shall be responsible for distributing assistance throughout the State according to the State’s assessment of the geographical distribution of the housing need within the State, as identified in the State’s approved housing strategy. Participating States shall distribute assistance to rural areas in amounts that take into account the nonmetropolitan share of the State’s total population and objective measures of rural housing need, such as poverty and substandard housing, as set forth in the State’s housing strategy approved under section 12705 of this title. To the extent the need is within the boundaries of a participating unit of general local government, the State and the unit of general local government shall coordinate activities to address that need.

42 U.S.C. § 12753 Penalties for misuse of funds

If the Secretary finds after reasonable notice and opportunity for hearing that a participating jurisdiction has failed to comply substantially with any provision of this part and until the Secretary is satisfied that there is no longer any such failure to comply, the Secretary shall reduce the line of credit in the participating jurisdiction’s HOME Investment Trust Fund by the amount of any expenditures that were not in accordance with the requirements of this subchapter, and the Secretary may— (1) prevent withdrawals from the participating jurisdiction’s HOME Investment Trust Fund for activities affected by such failure to comply; (2) restrict the participating jurisdiction’s activities under this subchapter to activities that conform to one or more model programs made available under section 12743 of this title; or (3) remove the participating jurisdiction from participation in allocations or reallocations of funds made available under this part.

42 U.S.C. § 12754 Limitation on jurisdictions under court order

(a) In generalNotwithstanding any other provision of this Act, the Secretary shall ensure that funds provided under this part are not employed to carry out housing remedies or to pay fines, penalties, or costs associated with an action in which—(1) a participating jurisdiction has been adjudicated, by a Federal, State, or local court, to be in violation of title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 [42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq.], the Fair Housing Act [42 U.S.C. 3601 et seq.], or any other Federal, State, or local law promoting fair housing or prohibiting discrimination, or (2) a settlement has been entered into in any case where claims of such violations have been asserted against a participating jurisdiction, except to the extent permitted by subsection (b). (b) Remedial use of funds permittedIn the case of settlement described in subsection (a)(2), a jurisdiction may use funds provided under this Act to carry out housing remedies with eligible activities.

42 U.S.C. § 12755 Tenant and participant protections

(a) LeaseThe lease between a tenant and an owner of affordable housing assisted under this subchapter for rental shall be for not less than one year, unless by mutual agreement between the tenant and the owner, and shall contain such terms and conditions as the Secretary shall determine to be appropriate. (b) Termination of tenancyAn owner shall not terminate the tenancy or refuse to renew the lease of a tenant of rental housing assisted under this subchapter except for serious or repeated violation of the terms and conditions of the lease, for violation of applicable Federal, State, or local law, or for other good cause. Any termination or refusal to renew must be preceded by not less than 30 days by the owner’s service upon the tenant of a written notice specifying the grounds for the action. Such 30-day waiting period is not required if the grounds for the termination or refusal to renew involve a direct threat to the safety of the tenants or employees of the housing, or an imminent and serious threat to the property (and the termination or refusal to renew is in accordance with the requirements of State or local law). (c) Maintenance and replacementThe owner of rental housing assisted under this subchapter shall maintain the premises in compliance with all applicable housing quality standards and local code requirements. (d) Tenant selectionThe owner of rental housing assisted under this subchapter shall adopt written tenant selection policies and criteria that—(1) are consistent with the purpose of providing housing for very low-income and low-income families, (2) are reasonably related to program eligibility and the applicant’s ability to perform the obligations of the lease, (3) give reasonable consideration to the housing needs of families that would have a preference under section 1437d(c)(4)(A) of this title, and (4) provide for (A) the selection of tenants from a written waiting list in the chronological order of their application, insofar as is practicable, and (B) for 11 So in original. The word “for” probably should not appear. the prompt notification in writing of any rejected applicant of the grounds for any rejection.

42 U.S.C. § 12756 Monitoring of compliance

(a) Enforceable agreementsEach participating jurisdiction, through binding contractual agreements with owners and otherwise, shall ensure long-term compliance with the provisions of this subchapter. Such measures shall provide for (1) enforcement of the provisions of this subchapter by the jurisdiction or by the intended beneficiaries, and (2) remedies for the breach of such provisions. (b) Periodic monitoringEach participating jurisdiction, not less frequently than annually, shall review the activities of owners of affordable housing assisted under this subchapter for rental to assess compliance with the requirements of this subchapter. Such review shall include on-site inspection to determine compliance with housing codes and other applicable regulations. The results of each review shall be included in the jurisdiction’s performance report submitted to the Secretary under section 12708(a) of this title and made available to the public. (c) Special procedures for certain projectsIn the case of small-scale or scattered site housing, the Secretary may provide for such streamlined procedures for achieving the purposes of this section as the Secretary determines to be appropriate.

42 U.S.C. § 12771 Set-aside for community housing development organizations

(a) In generalFor a period of 24 months after funds under part A are made available to a jurisdiction, the jurisdiction shall reserve not less than 15 percent of such funds for investment only in housing to be developed, sponsored, or owned by community housing development organizations. Each participating jurisdiction shall make reasonable efforts to identify community housing development organizations that are capable or can reasonably be expected to become capable of carrying out elements of the jurisdiction’s housing strategy and to encourage such community housing development organizations to do so. If during the first 24 months of its participation under this subchapter, a participating jurisdiction is unable to identify a sufficient number of capable community housing development organizations, then up to 20 percent of the funds allocated to that jurisdiction under this section, but not to exceed $150,000, may be made available to carry out activities that develop the capacity of community housing development organizations in that jurisdiction. A participating jurisdiction is authorized to enter into contracts with community housing development organizations to carry out this section. (b) Recapture and reuseIf any funds reserved under subsection (a) remain uninvested for a period of 24 months, then the Secretary shall deduct such funds from the line of credit in the participating jurisdiction’s HOME Investment Trust Fund and make such funds available by direct reallocation (1) to other participating jurisdictions for affordable housing developed, sponsored or owned by community housing development organizations, or (2) to nonprofit intermediary organizations to carry out activities that develop the capacity of community housing development organizations consistent with section 12773 of this title, with preference to community housing development organizations serving the jurisdiction from which the funds were recaptured. (c) Direct reallocation criteriaInsofar as practicable, direct reallocations under this section shall be made according to the selection criteria established under section 12747(c) of this title.

42 U.S.C. § 12772 Project-specific assistance to community housing development organizations

(a) In generalAmounts reserved under section 12771 of this title may be used for activities eligible under section 12742 of this title and, in amounts not to exceed 10 percent of the amounts so reserved, for other activities specified under this section. (b) Project-specific technical assistance and site control loans(1) In generalAmounts reserved under section 12771 of this title may be used to provide technical assistance and site control loans to community housing development organizations in the early stages of site development for an eligible project. Such loans shall not exceed amounts that the jurisdiction determines to be customary and reasonable project preparation costs allowable under paragraph (2). (2) Allowable expensesA loan under this subsection may be provided to cover project expenses necessary to determine project feasibility (including costs of an initial feasibility study), consulting fees, costs of preliminary financial applications, legal fees, architectural fees, engineering fees, engagement of a development team, site control and title clearance. (3) RepaymentA community housing development organization that receives a loan under this subsection shall repay the loan to the participating jurisdiction’s HOME Investment Trust Fund from construction loan proceeds or other project income. The participating jurisdiction may waive repayment of the loan, in part or in whole, if there are impediments to project development that the participating jurisdiction determines are reasonably beyond the control of the borrower. (c) Project-specific seed money loans(1) In generalAmounts reserved under section 12771 of this title may be used to provide loans to community housing development organizations to cover preconstruction project costs that the jurisdiction determines to be customary and reasonable, including, but not limited to the costs of obtaining firm construction loan commitments, architectural plans and specifications, zoning approvals, engineering studies and legal fees. (2) Eligible sponsorsA loan under this subsection may be provided only to a community housing development organization that has, with respect to the project concerned, site control, a preliminary financial commitment, and a capable development team. (3) RepaymentA community housing development organization that receives a loan under this subsection shall repay the loan to the jurisdiction’s HOME Investment Trust Fund from construction loan proceeds or other project income. The participating jurisdiction may waive repayment of the loan, in whole or in part, if there are impediments to project development that the participating jurisdiction determines are reasonably beyond the control of the borrower.

42 U.S.C. § 12773 Housing education and organizational support

(a) In generalThe Secretary is authorized to provide education and organizational support assistance, in conjunction with other assistance made available under this part—(1) to facilitate the education of low-income homeowners and tenants; (2) to promote the ability of community housing development organizations, including community land trusts, to maintain, rehabilitate and construct housing for low-income and moderate-income families in conformance with the requirements of this subchapter; and (3) to achieve the purposes under paragraphs (1) and (2) by helping women who reside in low- and moderate-income neighborhoods rehabilitate and construct housing in the neighborhoods. (b) Eligible activitiesAssistance under this section may be used only for the following eligible activities:(1) Organizational supportOrganizational support assistance may be made available to community housing development organizations to cover operational expenses and to cover expenses for training and technical, legal, engineering and other assistance to the board of directors, staff, and members of the community housing development organization. (2) Housing educationHousing education assistance may be made available to community housing development organizations to cover expenses for providing or administering programs for educating, counseling, or organizing homeowners and tenants who are eligible to receive assistance under other provisions of this subchapter. (3) Program-wide support of nonprofit development and managementTechnical assistance, training, and continuing support may be made available to eligible community housing development organizations for managing and conserving properties developed under this subchapter. (4) Benevolent loan fundsTechnical assistance may be made available to increase the investment of private capital in housing for very low-income families, particularly by encouraging the establishment of benevolent loan funds through which private financial institutions will accept deposits at below-market interest rates and make those funds available at favorable rates to developers of low-income housing and to low-income homebuyers. (5) Community development banks and credit unionsTechnical assistance may be made available to establish privately owned, local community development banks and credit unions to finance affordable housing. (6) Community land trustsOrganizational support, technical assistance, education, training, and continuing support under this subsection may be made available to community land trusts (as such term is defined in subsection (f)) and to community groups for the establishment of community land trusts. (7) Facilitating women in homebuilding professionsTechnical assistance may be made available to businesses, unions, and organizations involved in construction and rehabilitation of housing in low- and moderate-income areas to assist women residing in the area to obtain jobs involving such activities, which may include facilitating access by such women to, and providing, apprenticeship and other training programs regarding nontraditional skills, recruiting women to participate in such programs, providing continuing support for women at job sites, counseling and educating businesses regarding suitable work environments for women, providing information to such women regarding opportunities for establishing small housing construction and rehabilitation businesses, and providing materials and tools for training such women (in an amount not exceeding 10 percent of any assistance provided under this paragraph). The Secretary shall give priority under this paragraph to providing technical assistance for organizations rehabilitating single family or multifamily housing owned or controlled by the Secretary pursuant to title II of the National Housing Act [12 U.S.C. 1707 et seq.] and which have women members in occupations in which women constitute 25 percent or less of the total number of workers in the occupation (in this section referred to as “nontraditional occupations”). (c) Delivery of assistanceThe Secretary shall provide this assistance only through contract—(1) with a nonprofit intermediary organization that, in the determination of the Secretary—(A) customarily provides, in more than one community, services related to the provision of decent housing that is affordable to low-income and moderate-income persons or the revitalization of deteriorating neighborhoods; (B) has demonstrated experience in providing a range of assistance (such as financing, technical assistance, construction and property management assistance, capacity building and training) to community housing development organizations or similar organizations that engage in community revitalization; (C) has demonstrated the ability to provide technical assistance and training for community-based developers of affordable housing; (D) has described the uses to which such assistance will be put and the intended beneficiaries of the assistance; and (E) in the case of activities under subsection (b)(7), is a community-based organization (as such term is defined in section 4 of the Job Training Partnership Act) or public housing agency, which has demonstrated experience in preparing women for apprenticeship training in construction or administering programs for training women for construction or other nontraditional occupations (and such organizations may use assistance for activities under such subsection to employ women in housing construction and rehabilitation activities to the extent that the organization has the capacity to conduct such activities); or (2) with another organization, if a participating jurisdiction demonstrates that the organization is qualified to carry out eligible activities and that the jurisdiction would not be served in a timely manner by intermediaries specified under paragraph (1). Contracts under paragraph (2) shall be for activities specified in an application from the participating jurisdiction, which application shall include a certification that the activities are necessary to the effective implementation of the participating jurisdiction’s housing strategy. (d) LimitationsContracts under this section with any one contractor for a fiscal year may not—(1) exceed 40 percent of the amount appropriated for this section for such fiscal year; or (2) provide more than 20 percent of the operating budget (which shall not include funds that are passed through to community housing development organizations) of the contracting organization for any one year. (e) Single-State contractorsNot less than 25 percent of the funds made available for this section in an appropriations Act in any fiscal year shall be made available for eligible contractors that have worked primarily in one State. The Secretary shall provide assistance under this section, to the extent applications are submitted and approved, to contractors in each of the geographic regions having a regional office of the Department of Housing and Urban Development. (f) “Community land trust” definedFor purposes of this section, the term “community land trust” means a community housing development organization (except that the requirements under subparagraphs (C) and (D) of section 12704(6) of this title shall not apply for purposes of this subsection)—(1) that is not sponsored by a for-profit organization; (2) that is established to carry out the activities under paragraph (3); (3) that—(A) acquires parcels of land, held in perpetuity, primarily for conveyance under long-term ground leases; (B) transfers ownership of any structural improvements located on such leased parcels to the lessees; and (C) retains a preemptive option to purchase any such structural improvement at a price determined by formula that is designed to ensure that the improvement remains affordable to low- and moderate-income families in perpetuity; (4) whose corporate membership that is open to any adult resident of a particular geographic area specified in the bylaws of the organization; and (5) whose board of directors—(A) includes a majority of members who are elected by the corporate membership; and (B) is composed of equal numbers of (i) lessees pursuant to paragraph (3)(B), (ii) corporate members who are not lessees, and (iii) any other category of persons described in the bylaws of the organization.

42 U.S.C. § 12774 Other requirements

(a) Tenant participation planA community housing development organization that receives assistance under this part shall provide a plan for and follow a program of tenant participation in management decisions and shall adhere to a fair lease and grievance procedure approved by the participating jurisdiction. (b) Limitation on assistanceA community housing development organization may not receive assistance under this subchapter for any fiscal year in an amount that provides more than 50 percent of the organization’s total operating budget in the fiscal year or $50,000 annually, whichever is greater. (c) Adjustments of other assistanceThe Secretary shall take account of assistance provided to a project under this part when adjusting other assistance to be provided to the project as required by section 3545(d) of this title.

42 U.S.C. § 12781 Authority

The Secretary shall, insofar as is feasible through contract with eligible organizations, develop the capacity of participating jurisdictions, State and local housing finance agencies, nonprofit organizations and for-profit corporations, working in partnership, to identify and meet needs for an increased supply of decent, affordable housing.

42 U.S.C. § 12782 Priorities for capacity development

To carry out section 12781 of this title, the Secretary shall provide assistance under this part to— (1) facilitate the exchange of information that would help participating jurisdictions carry out the purposes of this subchapter, including information on program design, housing finance, land use controls, and building construction techniques; (2) improve the ability of States and units of general local government to design and implement comprehensive housing affordability strategies, particularly those States and units of general local government that are relatively inexperienced in the development of affordable housing; (3) encourage private lenders and for-profit developers of low-income housing to participate in public-private partnerships to achieve the purposes of this subchapter; (4) improve the ability of States and units of general local government, community housing development organizations, private lenders, and for-profit developers of low-income housing to incorporate energy efficiency into the planning, design, financing, construction, and operation of affordable housing; (5) facilitate the establishment and efficient operation of employer-assisted housing programs through research, technical assistance and demonstration projects; and (6) facilitate the establishment and efficient operation of land bank programs, under which title to vacant and abandoned parcels of real estate located in or causing blighted neighborhoods is cleared for use consistent with the purposes of this subchapter.

42 U.S.C. § 12783 Conditions of contracts

(a) Eligible organizationsThe Secretary shall carry out this part insofar as is practicable through contract with—(1) a participating jurisdiction or agency thereof; (2) a public purpose organization established pursuant to State or local legislation and responsible to the chief elected official of a participating jurisdiction; (3) an agency or authority established by two or more participating jurisdictions to carry out activities consistent with the purposes of this subchapter; (4) a national or regional nonprofit organization that has a membership comprised predominantly of entities or officials of entities that qualify under paragraph (1), (2), or (3); or (5) a professional and technical services company or firm that has demonstrated capacity to provide services under this part. (b) Contract termsContracts under this part shall be for not more than 3 years and shall provide not more than 20 percent of the operating budget of the contracting organization in any one year. Within any fiscal year, contracts with any one organization may not be entered into for a total of more than 40 percent of the funds appropriated under this part in that fiscal year.

42 U.S.C. § 12784 Research in housing affordability

The Secretary is authorized to support, through contracts with eligible organizations and otherwise, such research and to publish such reports as will assist in the achievement of the purposes of this subchapter. Activities authorized by the previous sentence may include an ongoing analysis of the impact of public policies at the Federal, State, and local levels, both individually and in the aggregate, on the incentives to expand and maintain the supply of energy-efficient affordable housing in the United States, particularly in areas with severe problems of housing affordability, through the use of cost-saving innovative building technology and construction techniques. For purposes of this section, agencies of the United States, government-sponsored mortgage finance corporations, and qualified research organizations shall be included as eligible organizations in addition to eligible organizations specified under section 12783 of this title.

42 U.S.C. § 12785 REACH: asset recycling information dissemination

(a) In generalThe Secretary shall make available upon request by any participating jurisdiction a list of eligible properties that are located within the jurisdiction and that are owned or controlled by the Department of Housing and Urban Development to facilitate the purchase, development, or rehabilitation of such properties with assistance made available under this subchapter. (b) Eligible propertiesAn eligible property under this section shall—(1) be an unoccupied single-family or multifamily dwelling, such that acquisition and rehabilitation of the dwelling would not result in the displacement of any residents of the dwelling; and (2) have an appraised value that does not exceed (A) in the case of a 1- to 4-family dwelling, 95 percent of the median purchase price for the area for such dwellings, as determined by the Secretary, or (B) in the case of a dwelling with more than 4 units, the applicable maximum dollar amount limitation under section 1715l(d)(3)(ii) of title 12 for elevator-type structures.

42 U.S.C. § 12801 General authority

Among the alternative model programs that the Secretary shall make available for use by participating jurisdictions under the provisions of section 12743 of this title shall be model programs specified in this part. The Secretary shall keep these specified model programs under review and submit to Congress such recommendations for change as the Secretary determines to be appropriate.

42 U.S.C. § 12802 Rental housing production

(a) Repayable advances(1) In generalThe Secretary shall make available a model program under which repayable advances may be made to public and private project sponsors in constructing, acquiring, or substantially rehabilitating projects to be used as affordable rental housing, including limited equity cooperatives and mutual housing. (2) Maximum amount of advanceAn advance under this model program shall not exceed 50 percent of the total costs associated with the construction, acquisition, or substantial rehabilitation of the project, as determined by the participating jurisdiction. (3) Terms of repayment(A) Interest payments(i) In generalUnder the model program, advances shall be repaid with interest calculated at a rate of not more than 3 percent per year, as determined by the participating jurisdiction to be appropriate. Interest shall begin to accrue 1 year after the completion of the construction, acquisition, or substantial rehabilitation of the project and shall be payable in annual installments. (ii) ExceptionInterest and any accrued interest shall be payable only from the surplus cash flow of the project, after a minimum return on equity determined by the participating jurisdiction to be appropriate. As used in the previous sentence, the term “surplus cash flow” means the cash flow of the project after the payment of all amounts due under the first mortgage, operating expenses, and required replacement reserves, as determined by the participating jurisdiction. (B) Additional interest paymentsUnder the model program, for any year in which the sum of the surplus cash flow of a project and the return on equity exceeds all interest payments due under subparagraph (A), 50 percent of the excess surplus cash flow shall be paid to the participating jurisdiction’s HOME Investment Trust Fund as additional interest. (C) Principal and unpaid interestThe principal amount of an advance under the model program, and any interest remaining unpaid pursuant to subparagraph (A)(ii) shall be repayable when the housing no longer qualifies as affordable housing in accordance with section 12749(b) of this title. (b) Selection guidelines(1) In generalThe Secretary shall establish guidelines for the selection of projects by participating jurisdictions for assistance under the model program. Such guidelines shall be designed to select projects in areas and for markets demonstrating the greatest need for the production of affordable rental housing. (2) Specific requirementsThe selection guidelines may include—(A) the extent of the shortage of rental housing in the area that is available to low-income families; (B) the extent large families with children will be served by the project; (C) the extent to which the project provides congregate facilities and has available supportive services that will permit elderly or handicapped residents who become frail and are in need of assistance in living to continue to reside in the project; (D) the extent of very low-income and low-income occupancy in excess of the income targeting requirements in section 12744 of this title; (E) the extent of the project sponsor’s commitment of equity to the project (except that this criterion shall not apply to or affect the selection of applications submitted by public housing agencies and nonprofit entities); (F) the extent of the project sponsor’s commitment of equity to the project in comparison to the value of all public assistance for the project, including assistance under this subchapter, other Federal assistance and financing, and State and local government contributions (except that this criterion shall not apply to or affect the selection of applications submitted by public housing agencies and nonprofit entities); (G) the extent of non-Federal public or private assistance to the project; (H) the extent to which the project provides supportive services for persons with disabilities; and (I) any other factor determined by the Secretary to be appropriate. (c) GuidelinesThe Secretary shall publish guidelines for the model program under this section not later than 180 days after November 28, 1990.

42 U.S.C. § 12803 Rental rehabilitation

(a) In generalThe Secretary shall make available a model program to support the rehabilitation of privately owned rental housing located in neighborhoods where the median income does not exceed 80 percent of the area median as determined by the Secretary and where rents can reasonably be expected not to change materially over an extended period of time. (b) Amount of subsidyThe amount of the rehabilitation subsidy shall be moderate and shall generally not exceed 50 percent of the total costs associated with the rehabilitation of the housing. (c) Additional restrictionsThe guidelines of the model program shall generally comport with the additional protections and restrictions specified under section 1437o(c) 11 See References in Text note below. of this title.

42 U.S.C. § 12804 Rehabilitation loans

(a) In generalThe Secretary shall make available a model program to provide direct loans to finance the rehabilitation of low and moderate income single family and multifamily residential properties. (b) Condition of loansThe Secretary shall establish terms and conditions to ensure that such loans are acceptable risks, taking into consideration the need for rehabilitation, the security for the loan and the ability of the borrower to repay the loan. The Secretary may establish the interest rate for loans under the model program, which shall include special interest rates for loans to borrowers with incomes below 80 percent of the area median income. (c) Additional restrictionsGuidelines for the model program may require that the property—(1) be located in an area that contains a substantial number of dwellings in need of rehabilitation; (2) the property 11 So in original. The words “the property” probably should not appear. is residential and owner-occupied; and (3) the property 1 is in need of rehabilitation or concentrated code enforcement within a reasonable time, and the rehabilitation of such property is consistent with a local plan for rehabilitation or code enforcement. Additional guidelines for the model program shall generally comport with the additional protections and restrictions specified under section 1452b 22 See References in Text note below. of this title.

42 U.S.C. § 12805 Sweat equity model program

(a) In generalThe Secretary shall make available a model program to provide grants to public and private nonprofit organizations and community housing development organizations to provide technical and supervisory assistance to low-income and very low-income families, including the homeless, in acquiring, rehabilitating, and constructing housing by the self-help housing method. (b) Rehabilitation of propertiesThe program shall target for rehabilitation properties which have been acquired by the Federal, State, or local governments. (c) Homeownership opportunities through sweat equity(1) The program shall utilize the skilled or unskilled labor of eligible families in exchange for acquisition of the property. (2) Training shall be provided to eligible families in building and home maintenance skills. (d) Rental opportunities through sweat equity(1) The program shall include rental opportunities for eligible families which will help expand the stock of affordable housing which is most appropriate for the target group. (2) The use of the tenant’s skilled or unskilled labor shall be encouraged in lieu of or as a supplement to rent payments by the tenant. (e) “Self-help housing” definedThe term “self-help housing” means the same as in section 1490c of this title. (f) Additional restrictionsThe guidelines for the model program shall generally comport with the additional protections and restrictions specified under section 1490c of this title.

42 U.S.C. § 12806 Home repair services grants for older and disabled homeowners

(a) In generalThe Secretary shall make available a model program to provide home repair services for older homeowners and disabled homeowners, including such services as the examination of homes, repair services, and follow-up to ensure the continued effectiveness of the repairs provided. (b) Eligible recipientsHome repair services shall be provided to homeowners who—(1) own and reside in the dwellings for which services are provided; (2) are older or disabled; and (3) are members of low-income families. (c) Permitted restrictionsGuidelines for the model program shall require that—(1) assisted dwelling units be the primary residence of the homeowner for whom services are provided; (2) preferences be provided for (A) very low-income families, and (B) individuals with intense need characterized by noneconomic factors such as physical and mental disabilities, language barriers, and cultural, social, or geographical isolation caused by racial or ethnic status that restricts the ability of an individual to perform normal daily tasks or that threatens the capacity of the individual to live independently; (3) any fees charged be based on the income of the individual receiving the home repair services.

42 U.S.C. § 12807 Low-income housing conservation and efficiency grant programs

(a) In generalThe Secretary shall make available a model program to provide safe, energy-efficient affordable housing for low-income persons. (b) ActivitiesThe model program shall provide for—(1) identification of housing that is—(A) owned and occupied by low-income families who have received, are currently receiving, or are scheduled to receive assistance under the weatherization assistance for low-income persons program under part A of title IV of the Energy Conservation and Production Act [42 U.S.C. 6861 et seq.] (or a comparable Federal or State program); (B) in danger of becoming uninhabitable within a 5-year period because of structural weaknesses or problems; and (C) not sufficiently sound to permit energy conservation improvements without other repair or rehabilitation measures to protect such energy investments; (2) repairs that will significantly prolong the habitability of units identified under paragraph (1), including roofing, electrical, plumbing, furnace, and foundation repairs or replacement that will prolong the use of the unit as a safe and energy-efficient residence for low-income persons; and (3) reasonable steps to ensure that any units so repaired will remain occupied by persons or families eligible for assistance under this subchapter.

42 U.S.C. § 12808 Second mortgage assistance for first-time homebuyers

(a) In generalThe Secretary shall make available a model program under which units of general local government provide loans (secured by second mortgages) with deferred payment of interest and principal to first-time homebuyers. (b) Homeownership counselingThe program under this section shall provide for homeownership counseling to first-time homebuyers assisted, which shall include—(1) counseling before and after purchase of the property; (2) assisting first-time homebuyers in identifying the most suitable and affordable properties; (3) providing homebuyers with financial management assistance; (4) assisting homebuyers in understanding mortgage transactions and home sales contracts; and (5) assisting homebuyers with eliminating any credit problems that may prevent the homebuyers from purchasing the property. (c) Eligibility requirementsDeferred payment loans secured by second mortgages may be provided under the model program under this section if—(1) the homebuyer assisted is a first-time homebuyer; (2) the property secured by the second mortgage is a single-family residence and is the principal residence of the homebuyer; and (3) the principal obligation of the deferred payment loan secured by a second mortgage does not exceed 30 percent of the acquisition price of the residence to the homebuyer. (d) Payment terms(1) Period of deferralThe payment of any principal and interest on a loan under this section shall be deferred for not less than the 5-year period beginning on the date of the acquisition of the residence by the homebuyer. (2) Interest rateThe interest rate on the unpaid balance of a loan under this section shall be at least 4 percent. (3) Repayment periodA deferred payment loan secured by a second mortgage shall be repayable over the 15-year period beginning at the end of the deferral period. (e) SecurityA deferred payment loan assisted with amount 11 So in original. Probably should be “amounts”. provided under a grant under this section shall be secured by a lien on the property involved, which lien shall be subordinate to the first mortgage on the property.

42 U.S.C. § 12809 Rehabilitation of State and local government in rem properties

(a) In generalThe Secretary shall make available a model program under which States and units of general local government may convert in rem properties to provide affordable permanent housing for the homeless by leasing such properties to nonprofit organizations and permitting such organizations to rehabilitate the properties. (b) TargetThe program shall target vacant properties for rehabilitation by nonprofit organizations.

42 U.S.C. § 12810 Cost-saving building technologies and construction techniques

(a) In generalThe Secretary shall make available a model program to utilize cost-saving building technologies and construction techniques for purposes of providing homeownership and rental opportunities under this subchapter. (b) Selection criteriaThe Secretary shall establish criteria for participating jurisdictions to select projects for assistance under the model program which may include—(1) the extent to which innovative, cost-saving building and construction technologies are utilized; (2) the extent to which innovative, cost-saving construction techniques are utilized; (3) the extent to which units will be made available to low-income families and individuals; (4) the extent to which non-Federal public or private assistance is utilized; and (5) any other factor, determined by the Secretary to be appropriate. (c) GuidelinesThe Secretary shall publish guidelines for the model program under this section not later than 180 days after October 28, 1992. (d) ReportThe Secretary shall submit a biennial report to the Congress on the utilization of the model program under this section.

42 U.S.C. § 12831 Equal opportunity

(a) Solicitation of contractsEach participating jurisdiction shall prescribe procedures acceptable to the Secretary to establish and oversee a minority outreach program within each such jurisdiction to ensure the inclusion, to the maximum extent possible, of minorities and women, and entities owned by minorities and women, including, without limitation, real estate firms, construction firms, appraisal firms, management firms, financial institutions, investment banking firms, underwriters, accountants, and providers of legal services, in all contracts, entered into by the participating jurisdiction with such persons or entities, public and private, in order to facilitate the activities of the participating jurisdiction to provide affordable housing authorized under this Act or any other Federal housing law applicable to such jurisdiction. (b) Report to CongressBefore the end of the 180-day period beginning on the date the first allocation of funds is made under section 12747 of this title, the Secretary shall submit to the Congress a report containing a description of the actions taken by each participating jurisdiction pursuant to subsection (a) and such recommendations for administrative and legislative action as the Secretary may determine to be appropriate to carry out the purposes of such subsection.

42 U.S.C. § 12832 Nondiscrimination

No person in the United States shall on the grounds of race, color, national origin, religion, or sex be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity funded in whole or in part with funds made available under this subchapter. Any prohibition against discrimination on the basis of age under the Age Discrimination Act of 1975 [42 U.S.C. 6101 et seq.] or with respect to an otherwise qualified handicapped individual as provided in section 794 of title 29 shall also apply to any such program or activity. The Secretary may waive this section in connection with the use of funds made available under this subchapter on lands set aside under the Hawaiian Homes Commission Act, 1920 (42 Stat. 108).

42 U.S.C. § 12833 Audits by Comptroller General

(a) Audits of HOME Investment Partnerships programThe Comptroller General, when the Comptroller General deems it to be appropriate or when requested by the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate or the Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs of the House of Representatives, shall conduct a full financial audit of the records of the HOME Investment Partnerships program for any fiscal year. The report of the Comptroller General shall be submitted promptly to the Secretary and the Congress and shall be published. (b) Audits of recipientsThe financial transactions of participating jurisdictions and of other recipients of funds provided under this subchapter may, insofar as they relate to funds provided under this subchapter, be audited by the Government Accountability Office under such rules and regulations as may be prescribed by the Comptroller General of the United States. The representatives of the Government Accountability Office shall have access to all books, accounts, records, reports, files, and other papers, things, or property belonging to or in use by such recipients pertaining to such financial transactions and necessary to facilitate the audit.

42 U.S.C. § 12834 Uniform recordkeeping and reports to Congress

(a) Uniform requirementsThe Secretary shall develop and establish uniform recordkeeping, performance reporting, and auditing requirements for use by participating jurisdictions. (b) Omitted

42 U.S.C. § 12835 Citizen participation

The Secretary shall ensure that each participating jurisdiction, and each jurisdiction seeking to become a participating jurisdiction, complies with the requirements of section 12707 of this title.

42 U.S.C. § 12836 Labor

(a) In generalAny contract for the construction of affordable housing with 12 or more units assisted with funds made available under this part shall contain a provision requiring that not less than the wages prevailing in the locality, as predetermined by the Secretary of Labor pursuant to sections 3141–3144, 3146, and 3147 of title 40, shall be paid to all laborers and mechanics employed in the development of affordable housing involved, and participating jurisdictions shall require certification as to compliance with the provisions of this section prior to making any payment under such contract. (b) WaiverSubsection (a) shall not apply if the individual receives no compensation or is paid expenses, reasonable benefits, or a nominal fee to perform the services for which the individual volunteered and such persons are not otherwise employed at any time in the construction work.

42 U.S.C. § 12837 Interstate agreements

The consent of the Congress is hereby given to any two or more States to enter into agreements or compacts, not in conflict with any law of the United States, for cooperative efforts and mutual assistance in support of activities authorized under this subchapter as they pertain to interstate areas and to localities within such States, and to establish such agencies, joint or otherwise, as they may deem desirable for making such agreements and compacts effective.

42 U.S.C. § 12838 Environmental review

(a) In generalIn order to assure that the policies of the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 [42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.] and other provisions of law which further the purposes of such Act (as specified in regulations issued by the Secretary) are most effectively implemented in connection with the expenditure of funds under this subchapter, and to assure to the public undiminished protection of the environment, the Secretary, in lieu of the environmental protection procedures otherwise applicable, may under regulations provide for the release of funds for particular projects to jurisdictions or insular areas under this subchapter who assume all of the responsibilities for environmental review, decisionmaking, and action pursuant to such Act, and such other provisions of law as the regulations of the Secretary specify, that would apply to the Secretary were he to undertake such projects as Federal projects. The Secretary shall issue regulations to carry out this section only after consultation with the Council on Environmental Quality. The regulations shall provide—(1) for the monitoring of the environmental reviews performed under this section; (2) in the discretion of the Secretary, to facilitate training for the performance of such reviews; and (3) for the suspension or termination of the assumption under this section. The Secretary’s duty under the preceding sentence shall not be construed to limit or reduce any responsibility assumed by a State or unit of general local government with respect to any particular release of funds. (b) ProcedureThe Secretary shall approve the release of funds subject to the procedures authorized by this section only if, at least 15 days prior to such approval and prior to any commitment of funds to such projects 11 So in original. Probably should be followed by a comma. the jurisdiction or insular area has submitted to the Secretary a request for such release accompanied by a certification which meets the requirements of subsection (c). The Secretary’s approval of any such certification shall be deemed to satisfy his responsibilities under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 [42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.] and such other provisions of law as the regulations of the Secretary specify insofar as those responsibilities relate to the releases of funds for projects to be carried out pursuant thereto which are covered by such certification. (c) CertificationA certification under the procedures authorized by this section shall—(1) be in a form acceptable to the Secretary, (2) be executed by the chief executive officer or other officer of the recipient of assistance under this subchapter qualified under regulations of the Secretary, (3) specify that the recipient of assistance under this subchapter has fully carried out its responsibilities as described under subsection (a), and (4) specify that the certifying officer (A) consents to assume the status of a responsible Federal official under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 [42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.] and each provision of law specified in regulations issued by the Secretary insofar as the provisions of such Act or other such provision of law apply pursuant to subsection (a), and (B) is authorized and consents on behalf of the jurisdiction or insular area and himself to accept the jurisdiction of the Federal courts for the purpose of enforcement of his responsibilities as such an official. (d) Assistance to units of general local government from a StateIn the case of assistance to units of general local government from a State, the State shall perform those actions of the Secretary described in subsection (b) and the performance of such actions shall be deemed to satisfy the Secretary’s responsibilities referred to in the second sentence of such subsection.

42 U.S.C. § 12839 Termination of existing housing programs

(a) In generalExcept with respect to projects and programs for which binding commitments have been entered into prior to October 1, 1991, no new grants or loans shall be made after October 1, 1991, under—(1) section 17 of the United States Housing Act of 1937 [42 U.S.C. 1437o]; (2) section 312 of the Housing Act of 1964 [42 U.S.C. 1452b]; (3) title VI of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1987; (4) section 8(e)(2) of the United States Housing Act of 1937 [42 U.S.C. 1437f(e)(2)], except for funds allocated under such section for single room occupancy dwellings as authorized by title IV of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act [42 U.S.C. 11360 et seq.]; and (5) section 810 of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 [12 U.S.C. 1706e]. (b) Repeals(1) In generalExcept as provided in paragraph (2), effective on October 1, 1991, the provisions of law referred to in subsection (a) are repealed. (2) No effect on SRO programThe provision of law referred to in subsection (a)(4) shall remain in effect with respect to single room occupancy dwellings as authorized by title IV of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act [42 U.S.C. 11360 et seq.]. (c) Disposition of repaymentsAny amounts received on or after October 1, 1991, as repayments or recaptures in connection with the programs referred to in subsection (a) and any other amounts for such programs that remain or become unobligated on or after such date, shall be paid into the general fund of the Treasury.

42 U.S.C. § 12840 Suspension of requirements for disaster areas

For funds designated under this subchapter by a recipient to address the damage in an area for which the President has declared a disaster under title IV of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act [42 U.S.C. 5170 et seq.], the Secretary may suspend all statutory requirements for purposes of assistance under this subchapter for that area, except for those related to public notice of funding availability, nondiscrimination, fair housing, labor standards, environmental standards, and low-income housing affordability.

42 U.S.C. § 12721 Findings

The Congress finds that— (1) the Nation has not made adequate progress toward the goal of national housing policy, as set out in the Housing Act of 1949 [42 U.S.C. 1441 et seq.] and reaffirmed in the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1968, which would provide decent, safe, sanitary, and affordable living environments for all Americans; (2) the supply of affordable rental housing is diminishing; (3) the Tax Reform Act of 1986 removed major tax incentives for the production of affordable rental housing; (4) the living environments of an increasing number of Americans have deteriorated over the past several years as a result of reductions in Federal assistance to low-income and moderate-income families; (5) many Americans face the possibility of homelessness unless Federal, State, and local governments work together with the private sector to develop and rehabilitate the housing stock of the Nation to provide decent, safe, sanitary, and affordable housing for very low-income and low-income families; (6) reliable Federal leadership is needed to achieve an adequate supply of affordable housing for all Americans; (7) to achieve the goal of national housing policy, there is a need to strengthen nationwide a cost-effective community-based housing partnership designed to—(A) expand the supply of rental housing that is affordable to very low-income and low-income families, (B) improve homeownership opportunities for low-income families, (C) carry out comprehensive housing strategies tailored to local housing market conditions, and (D) protect the Federal, State, and local investment in low-income housing to ensure affordability of the housing for the remaining useful life of the property; (8) direct assistance to expand the supply of affordable rental housing should be provided in a way that is more cost-effective and targeted than tax incentives; (9) much of the Nation’s housing system works very well and provides a strong base on which national housing policy should build; (10) an increasing number of States and local governments have been successful in producing cost-effective low-income and moderate-income housing by working in partnership with the private sector, including nonprofit community development corporations, community action agencies, neighborhood housing services corporations, trade unions, groups sponsored by religious organizations, limited equity cooperatives, and other tenant organizations; (11) during the 1980’s, nonprofit community housing development organizations, despite severe obstacles caused by inadequate funding, have played an increasingly important role in the production and rehabilitation of affordable housing in communities across the Nation; (12) additional financial resources and technical skills must be made available in local communities if the Nation is to mobilize the capacity of the private sector, including nonprofit community housing development organizations, to provide a more adequate supply of decent, safe, and sanitary housing that is affordable to very low-income, low-income, and moderate-income families and meets the need for large family units and other additional units that are available to very low-income families receiving rental assistance payments from Federal, State, and local governments; and (13) the long-term success of efforts to provide more affordable housing depends upon tenants and homeowners being fiscally responsible and able managers.

42 U.S.C. § 12722 Purposes

The purposes of this subchapter are— (1) to expand the supply of decent, safe, sanitary, and affordable housing, with primary attention to rental housing, for very low-income and low-income Americans; (2) to mobilize and strengthen the abilities of States and units of general local government throughout the United States to design and implement strategies for achieving an adequate supply of decent, safe, sanitary, and affordable housing; (3) to provide participating jurisdictions, on a coordinated basis, with the various forms of Federal housing assistance, including capital investment, mortgage insurance, rental assistance, and other Federal assistance, needed—(A) to expand the supply of decent, safe, sanitary, and affordable housing; (B) to make new construction, rehabilitation, substantial rehabilitation, and acquisition of such housing feasible; and (C) to promote the development of partnerships among the Federal Government, States and units of general local government, private industry, and nonprofit organizations able to utilize effectively all available resources to provide more of such housing; (4) to make housing more affordable for very low-income and low-income families through the use of tenant-based rental assistance; (5) to develop and refine, on an ongoing basis, a selection of model programs incorporating the most effective methods for providing decent, safe, sanitary, and affordable housing, and accelerate the application of such methods where appropriate throughout the United States to achieve the prudent and efficient use of funds made available under this subchapter; (6) to expand the capacity of nonprofit community housing development organizations to develop and manage decent, safe, sanitary, and affordable housing; (7) to ensure that Federal investment produces housing stock that is available and affordable to low-income families for the property’s remaining useful life, is appropriate to the neighborhood surroundings, and, wherever appropriate, is mixed income housing; (8) to increase the investment of private capital and the use of private sector resources in the provision of decent, safe, sanitary, and affordable housing; (9) to allocate Federal funds for investment in affordable housing among participating jurisdictions by formula allocation; (10) to leverage those funds insofar as practicable with State and local matching contributions and private investment; (11) to establish for each participating jurisdiction a HOME Investment Trust Fund with a line of credit for investment in affordable housing, with repayments back to its HOME Investment Trust Fund being made available for reinvestment by the jurisdiction; (12) to provide credit enhancement for affordable housing by utilizing the capacities of existing agencies and mortgage finance institutions when most efficient and supplementing their activities when appropriate; and (13) to assist very low-income and low-income families to obtain the skills and knowledge necessary to become responsible homeowners and tenants.

42 U.S.C. § 12723 Coordinated Federal support for housing strategies

The Secretary shall make assistance under this subchapter available to participating jurisdictions, through the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Housing-FHA Commissioner of the Department of Housing and Urban Development, to the maximum extent practicable, in coordination with mortgage insurance, rental assistance, and other housing assistance appropriate to the efficient and timely completion of activities under this subchapter.

42 U.S.C. § 12724 Authorization

There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subchapter $2,086,000,000 for fiscal year 1993, and $2,173,612,000 for fiscal year 1994, of which— (1) not more than $14,000,000 for fiscal year 1993, and $25,000,000 for fiscal year 1994, shall be for community housing partnership activities authorized under section 12773 of this title; and (2) not more than $11,000,000 for fiscal year 1993, and $22,000,000 for fiscal year 1994, shall be for activities in support of State and local housing strategies authorized under part C.

42 U.S.C. § 12725 Notice

The Secretary shall issue regulations to implement the provisions of this subchapter after notice and an opportunity for comment pursuant to section 553 of title 5. Such regulations shall become effective not later than 180 days after November 28, 1990.