ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [25210. - 25210.8.]

Cal. Government Code - GOV 1.
in effect

Cal. Government Code - GOV § 25210.1. Section 25210.1.

The Legislature finds and declares all of the following: (a) Population growth and development in unincorporated areas result in new and increased demands for public facilities and services that promote the public peace, health, safety, and general welfare. (b) The residents and property owners in unincorporated areas should have reasonable methods available so that they can finance and provide these needed public facilities and services. (c) The residents and property owners in some unincorporated areas may propose the incorporation of new cities or annexations to existing cities as a way to fulfill these demands for public facilities and services. (d) In other unincorporated areas, independent special districts with directly elected or appointed governing boards can fulfill these demands for public facilities and services. (e) County boards of supervisors need alternative organizations and methods to finance and provide needed public facilities and services to the residents and property owners of unincorporated areas. (f) In enacting the County Service Area Law by this chapter, it is the intent of the Legislature to continue a broad statutory authority for county boards of supervisors to use county service areas as a method to finance and provide needed public facilities and services. (g) Further, it is the intent of the Legislature that county boards of supervisors, residents, and property owners use the powers and procedures provided by the County Service Area Law to meet the diversity of local conditions, circumstances, and resources.

Cal. Government Code - GOV § 25210.2. Section 25210.2.

Unless the context requires otherwise, as used in this chapter, the following terms shall have the following meanings: (a) “Board” means the county board of supervisors acting as the governing authority of a county service area. (b) “Commission” or “local agency formation commission” means a local agency formation commission that operates in the county pursuant to the Cortese-Knox-Hertzberg Local Government Reorganization Act of 2000, Division 3 (commencing with Section 56000) of Title 5. (c) “County service area” means a county service area formed pursuant to this chapter or any of its statutory predecessors. (d) “Geologic hazard” means an actual or threatened landslide, land subsidence, soil erosion, earthquake, or any other natural or unnatural movement of land or earth. (e) “Inhabited territory” means territory within which there reside 12 or more registered voters. All other territory shall be deemed “uninhabited.” (f) “Landowner” or “owner of land” means all of the following: (1) Any person shown as the owner of land on the county’s most recent assessment roll, except where that person is no longer the owner. Where that person is no longer the owner, the landowner or owner of land is any person entitled to be shown as the owner of land on the next assessment roll. (2) Where land is subject to a recorded written agreement of sale, any person shown in the agreement as purchaser. (3) Any public agency owning land, provided that a public agency which owns highways, rights-of-way, easements, waterways, or canals shall not be deemed a landowner or owner of land. (g) “Latent power” means any service or facility authorized by Article 4 (commencing with Section 25213) that the local agency formation commission has determined, pursuant to subdivision (i) of Section 56425, that the county service area was not authorized to provide prior to January 1, 2009. (h) “Voter” means a voter as defined by Section 359 of the Elections Code. (i) “Zone” means a zone formed pursuant to Article 8 (commencing with Section 25217).

Cal. Government Code - GOV § 25210.3. Section 25210.3.

(a) This chapter provides the authority for the organization and powers of county service areas. This chapter succeeds the former Chapter 2.2 (commencing with Section 25210.1) as added by Chapter 858 of the Statutes of 1953, and as subsequently amended. (b) Any county service area established pursuant to the former Chapter 2.2 which was in existence on January 1, 2009, shall remain in existence as if it had been formed under this chapter. (c) Any improvement area, improvement zone, or zone formed pursuant to the former Chapter 2.2, which was in existence on January 1, 2009, shall be deemed to be a zone and remain in existence as if it had been formed as a zone pursuant to Article 8 (commencing with Section 25217). (d) Any indebtedness, bond, note, certificate of participation, contract, special tax, benefit assessment, fee, charge, election, ordinance, resolution, regulation, rule, or any other action of a board taken pursuant to the former Chapter 2.2 before January 1, 2009, shall not be impaired or voided solely because of the enactment of this chapter or any error, omission, informality, misnomer, or inconsistency with this chapter. (e) Any approval or determination, including, but not limited to, terms and conditions made with respect to a county service area by a local agency formation commission before January 1, 2009, shall remain in full force and effect.

Cal. Government Code - GOV § 25210.5. Section 25210.5.

If any provision of this chapter or the application of any provision of this chapter in any circumstance or to any person, county, city, special district, school district, the state, or any agency or subdivision of the state is held invalid, that invalidity shall not affect other provisions or applications of this chapter which can be given effect without the invalid provision or application of the invalid provision, and to this end the provisions of this chapter are severable.

Cal. Government Code - GOV § 25210.6. Section 25210.6.

(a) Any action to determine the validity of the organization of a county service area or zone shall be brought pursuant to Chapter 9 (commencing with Section 860) of Title 10 of Part 2 of the Code of Civil Procedure. (b) Any action to determine the validity of any bonds, warrants, contracts, obligations, loans, notes, or evidence of indebtedness of a county service area shall be brought pursuant to Chapter 9 (commencing with Section 860) of Title 10 of Part 2 of the Code of Civil Procedure. (c) (1) Any action or proceeding to validate, attack, review, set aside, void, or annul an ordinance or resolution adopted pursuant to this chapter and levying, fixing, or extending an assessment, charge, or fee or modifying or amending any existing ordinance or resolution shall be brought pursuant to Chapter 9 (commencing with Section 860) of Title 10 of Part 2 of the Code of Civil Procedure. (2) If an ordinance or resolution provides for an automatic adjustment in an assessment, charge, or fee, and the automatic adjustment results in an increase in the amount of an assessment, charge, or fee, any action or proceeding to attack, review, set aside, void, or annul the increase shall be commenced within 60 days of the effective date of the increase. (3) Any appeal from a final judgment in the action or proceeding brought pursuant to this subdivision shall be filed within 30 days after entry of the judgment. (d) Any judicial action to review any other action taken pursuant to this chapter shall be brought pursuant to Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 1084) of Title 1 of Part 3 of the Code of Civil Procedure.

Cal. Government Code - GOV § 25210.7. Section 25210.7.

(a) Territory, whether contiguous or noncontiguous, in the unincorporated area of a single county may be included in a county service area. (b) A county service area that includes the entire unincorporated area of a county may be formed to provide any or all of the services and facilities authorized by this chapter if the county does not provide those services and facilities to the same extent to the entire area of the county. (c) All or any part of a city may be included in a county service area only if the city council gives its consent, as provided in this chapter. The executive officer of a local agency formation commission shall not issue a certificate of filing pursuant to Section 56658 for an application for an annexation of incorporated territory to a county service area or a reorganization that would result in the annexation of incorporated territory to a county service area, unless the application is accompanied by a resolution adopted by the city council of the affected city that consents to the annexation of that incorporated territory. (d) Land devoted primarily to the commercial production of agricultural products, timber, or livestock may be included in a county service area only if that land is contiguous to other land within the county service area and only if the land will benefit from the services and facilities that the county service area provides. A local agency formation commission shall not approve any change of organization or reorganization that would result in the inclusion of land devoted primarily to the commercial production of agricultural products, timber, or livestock in a county service area unless the board finds that the land will benefit from the services and facilities that the county service area provides. (e) Except as provided in this chapter, the Cortese-Knox-Hertzberg Local Government Reorganization Act of 2000 (Division 3 (commencing with Section 56000) of Title 5) shall govern any change of organization or reorganization of a county service area. In the case of any conflict between that division or this chapter, the provisions of this chapter shall prevail. (f) A county service area shall not be deemed an “independent special district” as defined by Section 56044 and as that term is used in the Cortese-Knox-Hertzberg Local Government Reorganization Act of 2000 (Division 3 (commencing with Section 56000) of Title 5). (g) Whenever the boundaries of an improvement zone change, a county shall comply with Chapter 8 (commencing with Section 54900) of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5.

Cal. Government Code - GOV § 25210.8. Section 25210.8.

(a) Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, elections for a county service area or zone are subject to the Uniform District Election Law (Part 4 (commencing with Section 10500) of Division 10 of the Elections Code). (b) A county may conduct any election for a county service area or zone by all-mailed ballots pursuant to Division 4 (commencing with Section 4000) of the Elections Code. (c) A county may hold advisory elections for a county service area or zone pursuant to Section 9603 of the Elections Code.
Source: CA Legislative Counsel Bulk DataURL: https://downloads.leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/pubinfo_2025.zipFetched: 6/27/2026

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