ARTICLE 3. Local Regulation [21100. - 21118.]

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH 3.

in effect

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21100. Section 21100.

Local authorities may adopt rules and regulations by ordinance or resolution regarding all of the following matters: (a) Regulating or prohibiting a procession or assemblage on the highways. (b) Licensing and regulating the operation of vehicles for hire and drivers of passenger vehicles for hire. (c) Regulating traffic by means of traffic officers. (d) Regulating traffic by means of official traffic control devices meeting the requirements of Section 21400. (e) (1) Regulating traffic by means of a person given temporary or permanent appointment for that duty by the local authority when official traffic control devices are disabled or otherwise inoperable, at the scene of an accident or disaster, or at a location that may require traffic direction for orderly traffic flow. (2) A person shall not be appointed pursuant to this subdivision unless and until the local authority has submitted to the commissioner or to the chief law enforcement officer exercising jurisdiction in the enforcement of traffic laws within the area in which the person is to perform the duty, for review, a proposed program of instruction for the training of a person for that duty and unless and until the commissioner or other chief law enforcement officer approves the proposed program. The commissioner or other chief law enforcement officer shall approve a proposed program if they reasonably determine that the program will provide sufficient training for persons assigned to perform the duty described in this subdivision. (f) Regulating traffic at the site of road or street construction or maintenance by a person authorized for that duty by the local authority. (g) (1) Licensing and regulating the operation of tow truck service or tow truck drivers whose principal place of business or employment is within the jurisdiction of the local authority, excepting the operation and operators of any auto dismantlers’ tow vehicle licensed under Section 11505 or any tow truck operated by a repossessing agency licensed under Chapter 11 (commencing with Section 7500) of Division 3 of the Business and Professions Code and its registered employees. (2) The Legislature finds that the safety and welfare of the general public is promoted by permitting local authorities to regulate tow truck service companies and operators by requiring licensure, insurance, and proper training in the safe operation of towing equipment, thereby ensuring against towing mistakes that may lead to violent confrontation, stranding motorists in dangerous situations, impeding the expedited vehicle recovery, and wasting state and local law enforcement’s limited resources. (3) This subdivision does not limit the authority of a city or city and county pursuant to Section 12111. (h) Operation of bicycles and, as specified in Section 21114.5, electric carts by physically disabled persons or persons 50 years of age or older, on public sidewalks. (i) Providing for the appointment of nonstudent school crossing guards for the protection of persons who are crossing a street or highway in the vicinity of a school or while returning thereafter to a place of safety. (j) Regulating the methods of deposit of garbage and refuse in streets and highways for collection by the local authority or by any person authorized by the local authority. (k) Regulating or authorizing the removal by peace officers of vehicles unlawfully parked in a fire lane, as described in Section 22500.1, on private property. A removal pursuant to this subdivision shall be consistent, to the extent possible, with the procedures for removal and storage set forth in Chapter 10 (commencing with Section 22650). ( l ) Regulating mobile billboard advertising displays, as defined in Section 395.5, including the establishment of penalties, which may include, but are not limited to, removal of the mobile billboard advertising display, civil penalties, and misdemeanor criminal penalties for a violation of the ordinance or resolution. The ordinance or resolution may establish a minimum distance that a mobile billboard advertising display shall be moved after a specified time period. (m) Licensing and regulating the operation of pedicabs for hire, as defined in Section 467.5, and operators of pedicabs for hire, including requiring one or more of the following documents: (1) A valid California driver’s license. (2) Proof of successful completion of a bicycle safety training course certified by the League of American Bicyclists or an equivalent organization as determined by the local authority. (3) A valid California identification card and proof of successful completion of the written portion of the California driver’s license examination administered by the department. The department shall administer, without charging a fee, the original driver’s license written examination on traffic laws and signs to a person who states that they are, or intend to become, a pedicab operator and who holds a valid California identification card or has successfully completed an application for a California identification card. If the person achieves a passing score on the examination, the department shall issue a certificate of successful completion of the examination bearing the person’s name and identification card number. The certificate shall not serve in lieu of successful completion of the required examination administered as part of any subsequent application for a driver’s license. The department is not required to enter the results of the examination into the computerized record of the person’s identification card or otherwise retain a record of the examination or results. (n) (1) This section does not authorize a local authority to enact or enforce an ordinance or resolution that establishes a violation if a violation for the same or similar conduct is provided in this code, nor does it authorize a local authority to enact or enforce an ordinance or resolution that assesses a fine, penalty, assessment, or fee for a violation if a fine, penalty, assessment, or fee for a violation involving the same or similar conduct is provided in this code. (2) This section does not preclude a local authority from enacting parking ordinances pursuant to existing authority in Chapter 9 (commencing with Section 22500) of Division 11. (o) (1) Regulating advertising signs on motor vehicles parked or left standing upon a public street. The ordinance or resolution may establish a minimum distance that the advertising sign shall be moved after a specified time period. (2) Paragraph (1) does not apply to any of the following: (A) Advertising signs that are permanently affixed to the body of, an integral part of, or a fixture of a motor vehicle for permanent decoration, identification, or display and that do not extend beyond the overall length, width, or height of the vehicle. (B) If the license plate frame is installed in compliance with Section 5201, paper advertisements issued by a dealer contained within that license plate frame or any advertisements on that license plate frame. (3) As used in paragraph (2), “permanently affixed” means any of the following: (A) Painted directly on the body of a motor vehicle. (B) Applied as a decal on the body of a motor vehicle. (C) Placed in a location on the body of a motor vehicle that was specifically designed by a vehicle manufacturer, as defined in Section 672, and licensed pursuant to Section 11701, in compliance with both state and federal law or guidelines, for the express purpose of containing an advertising sign.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21100.1. Section 21100.1.

Whenever any city or county, by ordinance or resolution, permits, restricts, or prohibits the use of public or private highways pursuant to this article, any traffic control device erected by it on or after January 1, 1981, shall conform to the uniform standards and specifications adopted by the Department of Transportation pursuant to Section 21400.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21100.3. Section 21100.3.

It is unlawful for any person to disobey the traffic directions of a person appointed or authorized by a local authority to regulate traffic pursuant to subdivision (e) of Section 21100 when such appointee is wearing an official insignia issued by the local authority and is acting in the course of his appointed duties.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21100.4. Section 21100.4.

(a) (1) A magistrate presented with the affidavit of a peace officer or a designated local transportation officer establishing reasonable cause to believe that a vehicle, described by vehicle type and license number, is being operated as a taxicab or other passenger vehicle for hire in violation of licensing requirements adopted by a local authority under subdivision (b) of Section 21100 shall issue a warrant or order authorizing the peace officer or designated local transportation officer to immediately seize and cause the removal of the vehicle. As used in this section, “designated local transportation officer” means any local public officer employed by a local authority to investigate and enforce local taxicab and vehicle for hire laws and regulations. (2) The warrant or court order may be entered into a computerized database. (3) A vehicle so impounded may be impounded for a period not to exceed 30 days. (4) The impounding agency, within two working days of impoundment, shall send a notice by certified mail, return receipt requested, to the legal owner of the vehicle, at an address obtained from the department, informing the owner that the vehicle has been impounded and providing the owner with a copy of the warrant or court order. Failure to notify the legal owner within two working days shall prohibit the impounding agency from charging for more than 15 days’ impoundment when a legal owner redeems the impounded vehicle. The law enforcement agency shall be open to issue a release to the registered owner or legal owner, or the agent of either, whenever the agency is open to serve the public for regular, nonemergency business. (b) (1) An impounding agency shall release a vehicle to the registered owner or his or her agent prior to the end of the impoundment period and without the permission of the magistrate authorizing the vehicle’s seizure under any of the following circumstances: (A) When the vehicle is a stolen vehicle. (B) When the vehicle was seized under this section for an offense that does not authorize the seizure of the vehicle. (C) When the vehicle is a rental car. (2) A vehicle may not be released under this subdivision, except upon presentation of the registered owner’s or agent’s currently valid license to operate the vehicle under the licensing requirements adopted by the local authority under subdivision (b) of Section 21100, and proof of current vehicle registration, or upon order of the court. (c) (1) Whenever a vehicle is impounded under this section, the magistrate ordering the storage shall provide the vehicle’s registered and legal owners of record, or their agents, with the opportunity for a poststorage hearing to determine the validity of the storage. (2) A notice of the storage shall be mailed or personally delivered to the registered and legal owners within 48 hours after issuance of the warrant or court order, excluding weekends and holidays, by the person or agency executing the warrant or court order, and shall include all of the following information: (A) The name, address, and telephone number of the agency providing the notice. (B) The location of the place of storage and a description of the vehicle, which shall include, if available, the name or make, the manufacturer, the license plate number, and the mileage of the vehicle. (C) A copy of the warrant or court order and the peace officer’s affidavit, as described in subdivision (a). (D) A statement that, in order to receive their poststorage hearing, the owners, or their agents, are required to request the hearing from the magistrate issuing the warrant or court order in person, in writing, or by telephone, within 10 days of the date of the notice. (3) The poststorage hearing shall be conducted within two court days after receipt of the request for the hearing. (4) At the hearing, the magistrate may order the vehicle released if he or she finds any of the circumstances described in subdivision (b) or (e) that allow release of a vehicle by the impounding agency. (5) Failure of either the registered or legal owner, or his or her agent, to request, or to attend, a scheduled hearing satisfies the poststorage hearing requirement. (6) The agency employing the peace officer or designated local transportation officer who caused the magistrate to issue the warrant or court order shall be responsible for the costs incurred for towing and storage if it is determined in the poststorage hearing that reasonable grounds for the storage are not established. (d) The registered owner or his or her agent is responsible for all towing and storage charges related to the impoundment, and any administrative charges authorized under Section 22850.5. (e) A vehicle removed and seized under subdivision (a) shall be released to the legal owner of the vehicle or the legal owner’s agent prior to the end of the impoundment period and without the permission of the magistrate authorizing the seizure of the vehicle if all of the following conditions are met: (1) The legal owner is a motor vehicle dealer, bank, credit union, acceptance corporation, or other licensed financial institution legally operating in this state or is another person, not the registered owner, holding a security interest in the vehicle. (2) (A) The legal owner or the legal owner’s agent pays all towing and storage fees related to the seizure of the vehicle. A lien sale processing fee shall not be charged to the legal owner who redeems the vehicle prior to the 15th day of impoundment. Neither the impounding authority nor any person having possession of the vehicle shall collect from the legal owner of the type specified in paragraph (1), or the legal owner’s agent, any administrative charges imposed pursuant to Section 22850.5 unless the legal owner voluntarily requested a poststorage hearing. (B) A person operating or in charge of a storage facility where vehicles are stored pursuant to this section shall accept a valid bank credit card or cash for payment of towing, storage, and related fees by a legal or registered owner or the owner’s agent claiming the vehicle. A credit card shall be in the name of the person presenting the card. “Credit card” means “credit card” as defined in subdivision (a) of Section 1747.02 of the Civil Code, except, for the purposes of this section, credit card does not include a credit card issued by a retail seller. (C) A person operating or in charge of a storage facility described in subparagraph (B) who violates subparagraph (B) shall be civilly liable to the owner of the vehicle or to the person who tendered the fees for four times the amount of the towing, storage, and related fees, but not to exceed five hundred dollars ($500). (D) A person operating or in charge of a storage facility described in subparagraph (B) shall have sufficient funds on the premises of the primary storage facility during normal business hours to accommodate, and make change in, a reasonable monetary transaction. (E) Credit charges for towing and storage services shall comply with Section 1748.1 of the Civil Code. Law enforcement agencies may include the costs of providing for payment by credit when making agreements with towing companies on rates. (3) (A) The legal owner or the legal owner’s agent presents to the law enforcement agency or impounding agency, or any person acting on behalf of those agencies, a copy of the assignment, as defined in subdivision (b) of Section 7500.1 of the Business and Professions Code; a release from the one responsible governmental agency, only if required by the agency; a government-issued photographic identification card; and any one of the following as determined by the legal owner or the legal owner’s agent: a certificate of repossession for the vehicle, a security agreement for the vehicle, or title, whether paper or electronic, showing proof of legal ownership for the vehicle. The law enforcement agency, impounding agency, or any other governmental agency, or any person acting on behalf of those agencies, shall not require the presentation of any other documents. (B) The legal owner or the legal owner’s agent presents to the person in possession of the vehicle, or any person acting on behalf of the person in possession, a copy of the assignment, as defined in subdivision (b) of Section 7500.1 of the Business and Professions Code; a release from the one responsible governmental agency, only if required by the agency; a government-issued photographic identification card; and any one of the following as determined by the legal owner or the legal owner’s agent: a certificate of repossession for the vehicle, a security agreement for the vehicle, or title, whether paper or electronic, showing proof of legal ownership for the vehicle. The person in possession of the vehicle, or any person acting on behalf of the person in possession, shall not require the presentation of any other documents. (C) All presented documents may be originals, photocopies, or facsimile copies, or may be transmitted electronically. The law enforcement agency, impounding agency, or any person in possession of the vehicle, or anyone acting on behalf of them, shall not require any documents to be notarized. The law enforcement agency, impounding agency, or any person acting on behalf of those agencies, may require the agent of the legal owner to produce a photocopy or facsimile copy of its repossession agency license or registration issued pursuant to Chapter 11 (commencing with Section 7500) of Division 3 of the Business and Professions Code, or to demonstrate, to the satisfaction of the law enforcement agency, impounding agency, or any person in possession of the vehicle, or anyone acting on behalf of them, that the agent is exempt from licensure pursuant to Section 7500.2 or 7500.3 of the Business and Professions Code. (D) An administrative cost authorized under subdivision (a) of Section 22850.5 shall not be charged to the legal owner of the type specified in paragraph (1) who redeems the vehicle unless the legal owner voluntarily requests a poststorage hearing. A city, county, city and county, or state agency shall not require a legal owner or a legal owner’s agent to request a poststorage hearing as a requirement for release of the vehicle to the legal owner or the legal owner’s agent. The law enforcement agency, impounding agency, or any other governmental agency, or any person acting on behalf of those agencies, shall not require any documents other than those specified in this paragraph. The law enforcement agency, impounding agency, or other governmental agency, or any person acting on behalf of those agencies, may not require any documents to be notarized. The legal owner or the legal owner’s agent shall be given a copy of any documents he or she is required to sign, except for a vehicle evidentiary hold logbook. The law enforcement agency, impounding agency, or any person acting on behalf of those agencies, or any person in possession of the vehicle, may photocopy and retain the copies of any documents presented by the legal owner or legal owner’s agent. (4) A failure by a storage facility to comply with any applicable conditions set forth in this subdivision shall not affect the right of the legal owner or the legal owner’s agent to retrieve the vehicle, provided all conditions required of the legal owner or legal owner’s agent under this subdivision are satisfied. (f) (1) A legal owner or the legal owner’s agent that obtains release of the vehicle pursuant to subdivision (e) shall not release the vehicle to the registered owner of the vehicle or the person who was listed as the registered owner when the vehicle was impounded or any agents of the registered owner until the termination of the impoundment period. (2) The legal owner or the legal owner’s agent shall not relinquish the vehicle to the registered owner or the person who was listed as the registered owner when the vehicle was impounded until the registered owner or that owner’s agent presents his or her valid driver’s license or valid temporary driver’s license, and an operator’s license that is in compliance with the licensing requirements adopted by the local authority under subdivision (b) of Section 21100, to the legal owner or the legal owner’s agent. The legal owner or the legal owner’s agent or the person in possession of the vehicle shall make every reasonable effort to ensure that the licenses presented are valid and possession of the vehicle will not be given to the driver who was involved in the original impoundment proceeding until the expiration of the impoundment period. (3) Prior to relinquishing the vehicle, the legal owner may require the registered owner to pay all towing and storage charges related to the impoundment and the administrative charges authorized under Section 22850.5 that were incurred by the legal owner in connection with obtaining the custody of the vehicle. (4) Any legal owner who knowingly releases or causes the release of a vehicle to a registered owner or the person in possession of the vehicle at the time of the impoundment or any agent of the registered owner in violation of this subdivision shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and subject to a civil penalty in the amount of two thousand dollars ($2,000). (5) The legal owner, registered owner, or person in possession of the vehicle shall not change or attempt to change the name of the legal owner or the registered owner on the records of the department until the vehicle is released from the impoundment. (g) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, the registered owner and not the legal owner shall remain responsible for any towing and storage charges related to the impoundment and the administrative charges authorized under Section 22850.5 and any parking fines, penalties, and administrative fees incurred by the registered owner. (h) The law enforcement agency and the impounding agency, including any storage facility acting on behalf of the law enforcement agency or impounding agency, shall comply with this section and shall not be liable to the registered owner for the improper release of the vehicle to the legal owner or the legal owner’s agent if the release complies with this section. The legal owner shall indemnify and hold harmless a storage facility from any claims arising out of the release of the vehicle to the legal owner or the legal owner’s agent and from any damage to the vehicle after its release, including the reasonable costs associated with defending any such claims. A law enforcement agency shall not refuse to issue a release to a legal owner or the agent of a legal owner on the grounds that it previously issued a release.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21100.5. Section 21100.5.

Notwithstanding any other provisions of law, local authorities of any city which is on a natural island with an area in excess of 20,000 acres and which is within a county having a population in excess of 4,000,000, may, if they determine such rules and regulations to be necessary in view of the special problem existing thereon with respect to the size and nature of the streets of the city and with respect to the characteristics and nature of the city itself, adopt rules and regulations by ordinance or resolution on the following matters: (a) Regulating the size of vehicles used on streets under their jurisdiction. (b) Regulating the number of vehicles permitted on streets under their jurisdiction. (c) Prohibiting the operation, on streets under their jurisdiction, of designated classes of vehicles. (d) Establishing noise limits, which are different from those prescribed by this code, for vehicles operated on streets under their jurisdiction and prohibiting the operation of vehicles which exceed such limits. (e) Establishing a maximum speed limit lower than that which the local authority otherwise permitted by this code to establish. This section shall not apply to vehicles of utilities which are under the jurisdiction of the Public Utilities Commission while engaged in maintenance and construction type service work.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21100.6. Section 21100.6.

(a) The Counties of Alameda, Contra Costa, and Solano may create a three-year pilot program to regulate the transport of solid waste by commercial nonfranchise solid waste haulers on public roads in unincorporated areas of the county and may adopt an ordinance, as described in subdivision (b), as part of the pilot program. (b) An ordinance adopted pursuant to this section may include, but is not limited to, provisions requiring commercial nonfranchise solid waste haulers to do any or all of the following: (1) Obtain a permit to transport solid waste on public roads in unincorporated areas. (2) Display evidence of the permit described in paragraph (1) when transporting solid waste. (3) Notwithstanding Section 9400.8, pay a fee to cover the county’s reasonable regulatory cost of enforcing the ordinance. (c) This section does not grant a county any new authority over solid waste hauling operations pursuant to a franchise agreement and does not affect, limit, or abrogate in any manner any franchise granted to a solid waste enterprise for the handling of solid waste. (d) For purposes of this section, the following definitions apply:” (1) “Commercial nonfranchise solid waste hauler” means an entity that charges a fee to haul and dispose of solid waste that is not part of any exclusive or nonexclusive franchise contract or agreement. (2) “Solid waste” has the same meaning as defined in Section 40191 of the Public Resources Code. (e) This section shall remain in effect only until January 1, 2028, and as of that date is repealed.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21101. Section 21101.

Local authorities, for those highways under their jurisdiction, may adopt rules and regulations by ordinance or resolution, except as provided in subdivision (f), on the following matters: (a) Closing any highway to vehicular traffic when, in the opinion of the legislative body having jurisdiction, the highway is either of the following: (1) No longer needed for vehicular traffic. (2) The closure is in the interests of public safety and all of the following conditions and requirements are met: (A) The street proposed for closure is located in a county with a population of 6,000,000 or more. (B) The street has an unsafe volume of traffic and a significant incidence of crime. (C) The affected local authority conducts a public hearing on the proposed street closure. (D) Notice of the hearing is provided to residents and owners of property adjacent to the street proposed for closure. (E) The local authority makes a finding that closure of the street likely would result in a reduced rate of crime. (b) Designating any highway as a through highway and requiring that all vehicles observe official traffic control devices before entering or crossing the highway or designating any intersection as a stop intersection and requiring all vehicles to stop at one or more entrances to the intersection. (c) Prohibiting the use of particular highways by certain vehicles, except as otherwise provided by the Public Utilities Commission pursuant to Article 2 (commencing with Section 1031) of Chapter 5 of Part 1 of Division 1 of the Public Utilities Code. (d) Closing particular streets during regular school hours for the purpose of conducting automobile driver training programs in the secondary schools and colleges of this state. (e) Temporarily closing a portion of any street for celebrations, parades, local special events, and other purposes when, in the opinion of local authorities having jurisdiction or a public officer or employee that the local authority designates by resolution, the closing is necessary for the safety and protection of persons who are to use that portion of the street during the temporary closing. (f) Implementing a slow streets program. For purposes of this section, a “slow streets program” may include closures to vehicular traffic or through vehicular traffic of neighborhood local streets with connections to citywide bicycle networks, destinations, such as a business district, that are within walking distance, or green space. A local authority may implement a slow streets program by adopting an ordinance that provides for the closing of streets to vehicular traffic or limiting access and speed on a street using roadway design features, including, but not limited to, islands, curbs, or traffic barriers. A local authority may implement a slow streets program if it meets all of the following requirements: (1) Conducts an outreach and engagement process that includes notification to residents and owners of property abutting any street being considered for inclusion in the slow streets program. (2) Determines that the closure or traffic restriction leaves a sufficient portion of the streets in the surrounding area for other public uses, including vehicular, pedestrian, and bicycle traffic. (3) Provides advance notice of the closure or traffic restriction to residents and owners of property abutting the street. (4) Clearly designates the street closure or traffic restriction with signage in compliance with the California Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices. (5) Determines that the closure or traffic restriction is necessary for the safety and protection of persons who are to use that portion of the street during the closure or traffic restriction. (6) Maintains a publically available internet website with information about its slow streets program, a list of streets that are included in the program or are being evaluated for inclusion in the program, and instructions for participating in the public engagement process. (g) Prohibiting entry to, or exit from, or both, from any street by means of islands, curbs, traffic barriers, or other roadway design features to implement the circulation element of a general plan adopted pursuant to Article 6 (commencing with Section 65350) of Chapter 3 of Division 1 of Title 7 of the Government Code. The rules and regulations authorized by this subdivision shall be consistent with the responsibility of local government to provide for the health and safety of its citizens.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21101.2. Section 21101.2.

Local authorities may adopt rules and regulations by ordinance or resolution to provide that if a peace officer, as defined in Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 830) of Title 3 of Part 2 of the Penal Code, determines that the traffic load on a particular street or highway, or a portion thereof, is such that little or no vehicular flow is occurring and, additionally, if the peace officer finds that a significant number of vehicles are not promptly moving when an opportunity arises to do so, then the peace officer may divert vehicles, excepting public safety or emergency vehicles, from that street or highway, or portion thereof, subject to traffic congestion until such time as reasonably flowing traffic is restored.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21101.4. Section 21101.4.

(a) A local authority may, by ordinance or resolution, adopt rules and regulations for temporarily closing to through traffic a highway under its jurisdiction when all of the following conditions are, after a public hearing, found to exist: (1) The local authority finds and determines that, based upon the recommendation of the police department or, in the case of a highway in an unincorporated area, on the joint recommendation of the sheriff’s department and the Department of the California Highway Patrol, one of the following concerns exists along the portion of highway recommended for closure: (A) Serious and continual criminal activity. (B) Serious and continual illegal dumping. (2) The highway is not designated as a through highway or arterial street, or, if the highway is so designated, the local authority, in conjunction with law enforcement and traffic engineers, has determined that a temporary closure may be accomplished without significant impact on the normal flow of traffic. (3) Vehicular or pedestrian traffic on the highway contributes to the concern described in paragraph (1). (4) The closure will not substantially adversely affect traffic flow, safety on the adjacent streets or in the surrounding neighborhoods, the operation of emergency vehicles, the performance of municipal or public utility services, or the delivery of freight by commercial vehicles in the area of the highway proposed to be temporarily closed. (b) A highway may be temporarily closed pursuant to subdivision (a) for not more than 18 months, except that this period may be extended for not more than eight additional consecutive periods of not more than 18 months each if, prior to each of those extensions, the local authority holds a public hearing and finds, by ordinance or resolution, that all of the following conditions exist: (1) Continuation of the temporary closure will assist in preventing the occurrence or reoccurrence of the concern described in paragraph (1), found to exist when the immediately preceding temporary closure was authorized. This finding and determination shall be based upon the recommendation of the police department or, in the case of a highway in an unincorporated area, on the joint recommendation of the sheriff’s department and the Department of the California Highway Patrol. (2) The highway is not designated as a through highway or arterial street, or, if the highway is so designated, the local authority, in conjunction with law enforcement and traffic engineers, has determined that the immediately preceding temporary closure has been accomplished without significant impact on the normal flow of traffic. (3) Vehicular or pedestrian traffic on the highway contributes to the concern described in paragraph (1). (4) The immediately preceding closure has not substantially adversely affected traffic flow, safety on the adjacent streets or in the surrounding neighborhoods, the operation of emergency vehicles, the performance of municipal or public utility services, or the delivery of freight by commercial vehicles in the area of the highway that was temporarily closed. (c) The local authority shall mail written notice of the public hearing required under subdivision (a) or (b) to all residents and owners, as shown on the last equalized assessment roll, of property adjacent to the portion of highway where a temporary closure or extension of temporary closure is proposed.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21101.6. Section 21101.6.

Notwithstanding Section 21101, local authorities may not place gates or other selective devices on any street which deny or restrict the access of certain members of the public to the street, while permitting others unrestricted access to the street. This section is not intended to make a change in the existing law, but is intended to codify the decision of the Court of Appeal in City of Lafayette v. County of Contra Costa (91 Cal. App. 3d 749). This section shall become operative on January 1, 1990.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21102. Section 21102.

Local authorities may adopt rules and regulations by ordinance or resolution closing to vehicular traffic that portion of any street or highway crossing or dividing any school ground or grounds when in the opinion of the legislative body having jurisdiction such closing is necessary for the protection of persons attending such school or school grounds. The closing to vehicular traffic may be limited to such hours and days as the legislative body may specify. No such ordinance or resolution shall be effective until appropriate signs giving notice thereof are posted along the street or highway affected, nor in the case of state highways, until such ordinance or resolution is approved by the Department of Transportation.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21102.1. Section 21102.1.

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, local authorities may, by ordinance or resolution, adopt rules and regulations restricting vehicular or pedestrian traffic through any alley by means of gates, barriers, or other control devices, when, in the opinion of the local authority having jurisdiction over the alley, the restriction is necessary for the protection or preservation of the public peace, safety, health, or welfare, subject to the following conditions: (a) No ordinance or resolution adopted pursuant to this section shall be enforceable until appropriate signs giving notice of the restriction are posted at every entrance to the alley. (b) In the coastal zone, as defined in subdivision (a) of Section 30103 of the Public Resources Code, where the alley provides direct access to any public beach or state waters, the local authority shall comply with Division 20 (commencing with Section 30000) of the Public Resources Code. (c) In the area administered by the San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission, where the alley provides direct access to any public beach, state waters, or wetlands, the local authority shall first obtain the concurrence by, or on behalf of, the San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission. The concurrence or objection shall be based on the permits issued by the San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission and in conformance with the policies contained in Title 7.2 (commencing with Section 66600) of the Government Code and Division 19 (commencing with Section 29000) of the Public Resources Code. (d) The local authority shall provide access to utility vehicular or pedestrian traffic in order that the utility may maintain, operate, replace, remove, or renew existing and functioning utility facilities. (e) No ordinance or resolution adopted pursuant to this section shall prohibit the delivery of freight by commercial vehicles. (f) No ordinance or resolution adopted pursuant to this section shall be implemented in a manner that adversely affects the operation of emergency vehicles or the performance of municipal services. (g) No ordinance or resolution adopted pursuant to this section shall restrict the access of certain members of the public to the alley, while permitting others unrestricted access to the alley.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21103. Section 21103.

No ordinance or resolution enacted under Section 21101 shall be effective until signs giving notice of the local traffic laws are posted at all entrances to the highway or part thereof affected.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21104. Section 21104.

No ordinance or resolution proposed to be enacted under Section 21101 or subdivision (d) of Section 21100 is effective as to any highway not under the exclusive jurisdiction of the local authority enacting the same, except that an ordinance or resolution which is submitted to the Department of Transportation by a local legislative body in complete draft form for approval prior to the enactment thereof is effective as to any state highway or part thereof specified in the written approval of the department. This section does not preclude the application of an ordinance or resolution adopted under Section 21101 or subdivision (d) of Section 21100 to streets maintained by a community services district organized pursuant to Division 3 (commencing with Section 61000) of Title 6 of the Government Code. An ordinance or resolution enacted by a local authority pursuant to subdivision (c) of Section 21101 may impose a fine or penalty of up to one hundred dollars ($100) for a violation of this code.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21105. Section 21105.

No rule or regulation adopted under Sections 21100 or 21101 shall be effective as to boundary line streets where portions thereof are within different jurisdictions unless all authorities having jurisdiction of such portions of the street concerned have approved the same.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21106. Section 21106.

(a) Local authorities, by ordinance or resolution, may establish crosswalks between intersections. (b) Local authorities may install signs at or adjacent to an intersection directing that pedestrians shall not cross in a crosswalk indicated at the intersection. It is unlawful for any pedestrian to cross at the crosswalk prohibited by a sign.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21107. Section 21107.

The provisions of this code shall not prevent any city from adopting rules and regulations by ordinance or resolution, regulating vehicular traffic on privately owned and maintained roads located within the boundary of such city, except that no such ordinance or resolution shall be effective until signs giving notice thereof are posted on the roads affected. The provisions of this section shall not apply to any city in which there are publicly maintained city streets.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21107.5. Section 21107.5.

(a) Any city or county may, by ordinance or resolution, find and declare that there are privately owned and maintained roads as described in the ordinance or resolution within the city or county that are generally held open for use by the public for vehicular travel and which so connect with highways that the public cannot determine that the roads are not highways. Upon enactment by a city or county of the ordinance or resolution, this code shall apply to the privately owned and maintained road, except as provided in subdivision (b). (b) No ordinance or resolution enacted under subdivision (a) shall apply to any road on which the owner has erected a notice of a size, shape, and color as to be readily legible during daylight hours from a distance of 100 feet to the effect that the road is privately owned and maintained and that it is not subject to public traffic regulations or control. (c) No ordinance or resolution shall be enacted under subdivision (a) without a public hearing after 10 days’ written notice to the owner of the privately owned and maintained road involved. (d) The department is not required to provide patrol or enforce any provision of this code on any privately owned and maintained road, except those provisions applicable to private property, other than pursuant to this section.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21107.6. Section 21107.6.

(a) Any city or county may, by ordinance, find and declare that there are privately owned and maintained roads as described in such ordinance within the city or county which are generally held open to the public for purposes of vehicular travel to serve commercial establishments. Upon enactment by a city or county of such an ordinance, the provisions of this code shall apply to any such privately owned and maintained road. No ordinance shall be enacted under this section without a public hearing thereon and 10 days’ prior notice to the owner of the privately owned and maintained road involved. (b) Notwithstanding the provisions of subdivision (a) no ordinance enacted thereunder shall apply to any road described therein on which the owner has caused to be erected a notice of such size, shape and color as to be readily legible during daylight hours from a distance of 100 feet, to the effect that the road is privately owned and maintained and that it is not subject to public traffic regulations or control. (c) The department shall not be required to provide patrol or enforce any provisions of this code on any privately owned and maintained road subjected to the provisions of this code under this section, except those provisions applicable to private property other than by action under this section.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21107.7. Section 21107.7.

(a) Any city or county may, by ordinance or resolution, find and declare that there are privately owned and maintained roads as described in the ordinance or resolution within the city or county that are not generally held open for use of the public for purposes of vehicular travel but, by reason of their proximity to or connection with highways, the interests of any residents residing along the roads and the motoring public will best be served by application of the provisions of this code to those roads. No ordinance or resolution shall be enacted unless there is first filed with the city or county a petition requesting it by a majority of the owners of any privately owned and maintained road, or by at least a majority of the board of directors of a common interest development, as defined by Section 4100 or 6534 of the Civil Code, that is responsible for maintaining the road, and without a public hearing thereon and 10 days’ prior written notice to all owners of the road or all of the owners in the development. Upon enactment of the ordinance or resolution, the provisions of this code shall apply to the privately owned and maintained road if appropriate signs are erected at the entrance to the road of the size, shape, and color as to be readily legible during daylight hours from a distance of 100 feet, to the effect that the road is subject to the provisions of this code. The city or county may impose reasonable conditions and may authorize the owners, or board of directors of the common interest development, to erect traffic signs, signals, markings, and devices which conform to the uniform standards and specifications adopted by the Department of Transportation. (b) The department shall not be required to provide patrol or enforce any provisions of this code on any privately owned and maintained road subjected to the provisions of this code under this section, except those provisions applicable to private property other than by action under this section. (c) As used in this section, “privately owned and maintained roads” includes roads owned and maintained by a city, county, or district that are not dedicated to use by the public or are not generally held open for use of the public for purposes of vehicular travel.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21107.8. Section 21107.8.

(a) (1) A city, county, or city and county may, by ordinance or resolution, find and declare that there are privately owned and maintained offstreet parking facilities as described in the ordinance or resolution within the city, county, or city and county that are generally held open for use of the public for purposes of vehicular parking. Upon enactment by a city, county, or city and county of the ordinance or resolution, Sections 22350, 23103, and 23109 and the provisions of Division 16.5 (commencing with Section 38000) shall apply to privately owned and maintained offstreet parking facilities, except as provided in subdivision (b). (2) (A) If a city, county, or city and county enacts an ordinance or resolution authorized by paragraph (1), the city, county, or city and county may include in that ordinance or resolution authorization for the operator of a privately owned and maintained offstreet parking facility to regulate unauthorized parking in that facility. (B) (i) If a city, county, or city and county has exercised its authority pursuant to subparagraph (A) and unauthorized parking is regulated in a privately owned and maintained offstreet parking facility, the owner or operator of that facility shall include in a parking fee invoice instructions that describe the manner in which to contest the parking fee invoice. (ii) If a city, county, or city and county has exercised its authority pursuant to subparagraph (A) and unauthorized parking is regulated in a privately owned and maintained offstreet parking facility, the owner or operator of that facility shall not file with, or transmit to, the Department of Motor Vehicles a parking fee invoice for the purpose of having the Department of Motor Vehicles attempt to collect unpaid parking fees by refusing to renew the registration of a vehicle pursuant to Section 4760. (b) (1) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), an ordinance or resolution enacted pursuant to that subdivision does not apply to an offstreet parking facility unless the owner or operator has caused to be posted in a conspicuous place at each entrance to that offstreet parking facility a notice not less than 17 by 22 inches in size with lettering not less than one inch in height, to the effect that the offstreet parking facility is subject to public moving vehicle laws and violators may be subject to a parking invoice fee. (2) If applicable, a parking receipt distributed to drivers shall include language explicitly stating that violators may be subject to a parking invoice fee. (c) An ordinance or resolution shall not be enacted pursuant to subdivision (a) without a public hearing on the matter and 10 days prior written notice to the owner and operator of the privately owned and maintained offstreet parking facility involved. (d) Section 22507.8 may be enforced without enactment of an ordinance or resolution as required pursuant to subdivision (a) or the posting of a notice at each entrance to the offstreet parking facility as required by paragraph (1) of subdivision (b). (e) The department shall not be required to provide patrol or to enforce any provision of this code in a privately owned and maintained offstreet parking facility subject to this section except those provisions applicable to private property actions not described in this section. (f) A city, county, or city and county that authorizes private parking regulation pursuant to this section shall, in its ordinance or resolution, include provisions that include all of the following: (1) Procedures for dispute resolution in accordance with Section 40215, including all of the following: (A) A written and publicly available dispute resolution policy that includes specified time periods for notifications, review, and appeal. (B) An administrative hearing process that includes all of the following: (i) Options for a hearing in person or by mail. (ii) Administrative review. (iii) A hearing by a third-party examiner who has been adequately trained and who provides an independent, objective, fair, and impartial review. (iv) Personal delivery or delivery by first-class mail of the examiner’s decision. (v) Authority for the examiner to allow payment of the parking invoice fee in installments for persons showing evidence of inability to pay the parking invoice fee in full. (2) A prohibition against incentives based on the number of invoices issued or the number or percentage of disputed invoices adjudicated that uphold parking invoice fees. (3) A cap on a parking invoice fee that is commensurate with the most nearly equivalent municipal parking fine. (4) Measures to prevent a private parking regulator from representing itself as a government enforcement agency, including a prohibition against the use of terminology in ordinances, resolutions, and parking fee invoices that is restricted to governmental law enforcement and a requirement that a conspicuous statement be included on parking fee invoices to the effect that “This parking invoice fee notice is not issued by the [local government].”

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21107.9. Section 21107.9.

(a) Any city or county, or city and county, may, by ordinance or resolution, find and declare that there are privately owned and maintained roads within a mobilehome park, as defined in Section 18214 of the Health and Safety Code, or within a manufactured housing community, as defined in Section 18801 of the Health and Safety Code, within the city or county, or city and county, that are generally not held open for use by the public for vehicular travel. Upon enactment of the ordinance or resolution, the provisions of this code shall apply to the privately owned and maintained roads within a mobilehome park or manufactured housing community if appropriate signs are erected at the entrance or entrances to the mobilehome park or manufactured housing community of the size, shape, and color as to be readily legible during daylight hours from a distance of 100 feet, to the effect that the roads within the park or community are subject to the provisions of this code. The city or county, or city and county, may impose reasonable conditions and may authorize the owners of the mobilehome park or manufactured housing community to erect traffic signs, markings, or devices which conform to the uniform standards and specifications adopted by the Department of Transportation. (b) No ordinance or resolution shall be enacted unless there is first filed with the city or county a petition requested by the owner or owners of any privately owned and maintained roads within a mobilehome park or manufactured housing community, who are responsible for maintaining the roads. (c) No ordinance or resolution shall be enacted without a public hearing thereon and 10 days’ prior written notice to all owners of the roads within a mobilehome park or manufactured housing community proposed to be subject to the ordinance or resolution. At least seven days prior to the public hearing, the owner or manager of the mobilehome park or manufactured housing community shall post a written notice about the hearing in a conspicuous area in the park or community clubhouse, or if no clubhouse exists, in a conspicuous public place in the park or community. (d) For purposes of this section, the prima facie speed limit on any road within a mobilehome park or manufactured housing community shall be 15 miles per hour. This section does not preclude a mobilehome park or manufactured housing community from requesting a higher or lower speed limit if an engineering and traffic survey has been conducted within the community supporting that request. (e) The department is not required to provide patrol or enforce any provision of this code on any privately owned and maintained road within a mobilehome park or manufactured housing community, except those provisions applicable to private property other than by action under this section.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21108. Section 21108.

Local authorities may adopt rules and regulations by ordinance or resolution regulating vehicular traffic on privately owned and maintained roads or ways within the boundaries of a privately owned airport, when the roads or ways are expressly open to the general public for purposes of vehicular traffic. The rules or regulations shall not be effective until appropriate signs giving notice thereof are posted along the roads or ways affected.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21109. Section 21109.

(a) Local authorities may adopt rules and regulations by ordinance or resolution regulating vehicular and pedestrian traffic in subways, tubes, and tunnels or upon bridges or viaducts. (b) The proposed ordinance or resolution shall not be effective as to any state highway until approved in writing by the Department of Transportation. The Department of Transportation, in considering any proposed ordinance or resolution to prohibit or restrict the use by cargo tank vehicles displaying flammable liquids placards in tunnels of a length of 300 feet or greater, shall consult with the Department of the California Highway Patrol and hold a public hearing as provided in Section 21109.5 of the Vehicle Code. In evaluating the feasibility of prohibiting or restricting the use of the structure by cargo tank vehicles displaying flammable liquids placards, the Department of Transportation shall conduct a traffic and engineering survey which includes an analysis of the relative risks to public safety in determining the feasibility of reasonable alternative routes. (c) The rules or regulations shall not be effective until appropriate signs have been posted giving notice thereof to drivers and pedestrians approaching the highway structures.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21109.5. Section 21109.5.

(a) No restriction or prohibition shall be effective pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 21109 or Section 34020.5 except upon notice and hearing in the manner prescribed in this section. (b) Notice of hearing shall be published pursuant to Section 6064 of the Government Code. The notice shall advise all interested parties that they may submit written or oral objections to the proposed action and shall designate a time and place for presentation of the objections. The time for submission of objections shall not expire, and the hearings shall not be held, less than 60 days after the first publication of notice. The hearing shall be conducted by the Department of Transportation and interested parties shall be accorded an adequate opportunity to be heard with respect to their objections.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21110. Section 21110.

Local authorities may adopt rules and regulations by ordinance or resolution to require that all vehicles stop before entering or crossing the tracks at any highway railroad grade crossing when signs are in place giving notice thereof, but no such ordinance shall be effective unless approved by an order of the Public Utilities Commission.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21111. Section 21111.

Local authorities may adopt rules and regulations by ordinance or resolution regulating vehicular traffic on privately owned and maintained roads or ways within the boundaries of any housing project or within the site of any housing owned or operated by a housing authority created under and by virtue of the Housing Authorities Law, commencing at Section 34200 of the Health and Safety Code, on privately owned and maintained roads or ways within areas which would be a residence district if the road or way were a public highway, or, with the consent of the owner, on publicly owned and maintained roads and ways within areas which are not owned by such local authorities. The rules or regulations shall not be effective until appropriate signs giving notice thereof are posted along the roads or ways affected.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21112. Section 21112.

Local authorities may by ordinance license and regulate the location of stands on streets and highways for use by taxicabs and other public carriers for hire in their respective jurisdictions. No such ordinance shall be effective as to any state highway until approved in writing by the Department of Transportation. Where maintenance of any state highway is delegated by such department to a city, such approval is not required.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21113. Section 21113.

(a) (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), a person shall not drive a vehicle or animal, or stop, park, or leave standing a vehicle or animal, whether attended or unattended, upon the driveways, paths, parking facilities, or the grounds of any of the following: (A) A public school, state university, state college, or an educational institution exempted, in whole or in part, from taxation. (B) A unit of the state park system. (C) A county park. (D) A municipal airport. (E) A rapid transit district, transit development board, transit district, public transportation agency, county transportation commission created pursuant to Section 130050 of the Public Utilities Code, or a joint powers agency operating or managing a commuter rail system. (F) Any property under the direct control of the legislative body of a municipality. (G) A state, county, or hospital district institution or building. (H) Any harbor improvement district or harbor district formed pursuant to Part 2 (commencing with Section 5800) or Part 3 (commencing with Section 6000) of Division 8 of the Harbors and Navigation Code. (I) A district organized pursuant to Part 3 (commencing with Section 27000) of Division 16 of the Streets and Highways Code. (J) State grounds served by the Department of the California Highway Patrol. (K) Any property under the possession or control of a housing authority formed pursuant to Article 2 (commencing with Section 34240) of Chapter 1 of Part 2 of Division 24 of the Health and Safety Code. (2) The activities described in paragraph (1) may be performed with the permission of, and upon and subject to any condition or regulation that may be imposed by, the legislative body of the municipality, or the governing board or officer of the public school, state university, state college, county park, municipal airport, rapid transit district, transit development board, transit district, public transportation agency, county transportation commission, joint powers agency operating or managing a commuter rail system, or state, county, or hospital district institution or building, or educational institution, or harbor district, or a district organized pursuant to Part 3 (commencing with Section 27000) of Division 16 of the Streets and Highways Code, or housing authority, or the Director of Parks and Recreation regarding units of the state park system or the state agency with jurisdiction over the grounds served by the Department of the California Highway Patrol. (b) A governing board, legislative body, or officer shall erect or place appropriate signs giving notice of any special conditions or regulations that are imposed under this section and the governing board, legislative body, or officer shall also prepare and keep available at the principal administrative office of the governing board, legislative body, or officer, for examination by all interested persons, a written statement of all those special conditions and regulations adopted pursuant to this section. (c) When a governing board, legislative body, or officer permits public traffic upon the driveways, paths, parking facilities, or grounds under their control then, except for those conditions imposed or regulations enacted by the governing board, legislative body, or officer applicable to the traffic, all the provisions of this code relating to traffic upon the highways shall be applicable to the traffic upon the driveways, paths, parking facilities, or grounds. (d) A public transportation agency that imposes any condition or regulation upon a person who parks or leaves standing a vehicle, pursuant to subdivision (a), is authorized to do either of the following: (1) Enforce that condition or regulation in the manner provided in Article 3 (commencing with Section 40200) of Chapter 1 of Division 17 of this code. The public transportation agency shall be considered the issuing agency for that purpose. (2) Designate regularly employed and salaried employees, who are engaged in directing traffic or enforcing parking laws and regulations, for the purpose of removing any vehicle in the same manner as a city, county, or jurisdiction of a state agency pursuant to Chapter 10 (commencing with Section 22650) of Division 11 of this code. (e) With respect to the permitted use of vehicles or animals on property under the direct control of the legislative body of a municipality, no change in the use of vehicles or animals on the property, that had been permitted on January 1, 1976, shall be effective unless and until the legislative body, at a meeting open to the general public, determines that the use of vehicles or animals on the property should be prohibited or regulated. (f) A transit development board may adopt ordinances, rules, or regulations to restrict, or specify the conditions for, the use of bicycles, motorized bicycles, electric bicycles, skateboards, electrically motorized boards, and roller skates on property under the control of, or any portion of property used by, the board. (g) A public agency, including, but not limited to, the Regents of the University of California and the Trustees of the California State University, may adopt rules or regulations to restrict, or specify the conditions for, the use of bicycles, motorized bicycles, electric bicycles, skateboards, electrically motorized boards, and roller skates on public property under the jurisdiction of that agency. (h) “Housing authority,” for the purposes of this section, means a housing authority located within a county with a population of over 6,000,000 people, and any other housing authority that complies with the requirements of this section. (i) “Public transportation agency,” for purposes of this section, means a public agency that provides public transportation as defined in paragraph (1) of subdivision (f) of Section 1 of Article XIX A of the California Constitution or a county transportation commission created pursuant to Section 130050 of the Public Utilities Code.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21114. Section 21114.

If a local authority finds that a city street or county road under its jurisdiction adjacent to an airport has been specifically designed and constructed, with the prior approval of the local authority, so as to safely permit the use thereof by regular vehicular traffic and also the taxiing of aircraft thereon between the airport and the place where such aircraft are hangared or tied down, the local authority may by resolution or ordinance designate such street or road or portion thereof for such combined use and prescribe rules and regulations therefor which shall have the force of law. No such street or road shall be so designated for a distance of more than one-half mile from the airport, provided, the finding of the local authority in this respect shall be conclusive. Upon such designation becoming effective, it shall be the sole responsibility of the local authority to enforce the provisions of the Vehicle Code and all rules and regulations adopted by it upon such street or road. Upon such designation becoming effective it shall be lawful to taxi aircraft upon such street or road in accordance with the rules and regulations prescribed as aforesaid and said aircraft need not be licensed under this code or comply with other provisions thereof.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21114.5. Section 21114.5.

Notwithstanding Section 21663 or any other provision of this code, local authorities may, by ordinance, authorize the operation of electric carts by physically disabled persons, by persons 50 years of age or older, or, while in the course of their employment, by employees of the United States Postal Service, state and local governmental agencies, or utility companies, on public sidewalks. Any ordinance shall, however, contain provisions requiring any disabled person or person 50 years of age or older who owns or leases an electric cart to apply to the local authority for a permit and an identification sticker to so operate the cart, and requiring the person to affix the sticker to the cart in order to operate it on the sidewalk. The permit and sticker shall become invalid if the person ceases to operate, own, or lease the cart. This section does not apply to devices described in subdivision (b) of Section 415.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21115. Section 21115.

(a) If a local authority finds that a highway under its jurisdiction is located adjacent to, or provides access to, a golf course and between the golf course and the place where golf carts are parked or stored or is within or bounded by a real estate development offering golf facilities and is designed and constructed, so as to safely permit the use of regular vehicular traffic and also the driving of golf carts on the highway, the local authority may, by resolution or ordinance, designate the highway or portion of the highway for combined use and prescribe rules and regulations that shall have the force of law. No highway shall be so designated for a distance of more than one mile from the golf course if the highway is not located within a development or beyond the area of a development, provided, the finding of the local authority in this respect shall be conclusive. Upon the designation becoming effective it shall be lawful to drive golf carts upon the highway in accordance with the prescribed rules and regulations. The rules and regulations may establish crossing zones and speed limits and other operating standards but shall not require that the golf carts conform to any requirements of this code with respect to registration, licensing, or equipment, except that if operated during darkness the golf cart shall be subject to the provisions of Section 24001.5 regarding equipment. The rules and regulations shall not be effective until appropriate signs giving notice thereof are posted along the highway affected. A “real estate development offering golf facilities,” for purposes of this section, means an area of single-family or multiple-family residences, the owners or occupants of which are eligible for membership in, or the use of, one or more golf courses within the development by virtue of their ownership or occupancy of a residential dwelling unit in the development. (b) For purposes of this section, a “golf cart” includes a low-speed vehicle.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21115.1. Section 21115.1.

(a) Notwithstanding Section 21115, a local authority may, by ordinance or resolution, establish crossing zones, for use by golf carts at any time other than during darkness, on any street, other than a state highway, that has a posted speed limit of 45 miles per hour or less and that is immediately adjacent to a golf course. The crossing zones shall be at an angle of approximately 90 degrees to the direction of the roadway. The ordinance or resolution shall not become effective until submitted to the law enforcement agency having primary jurisdiction over the street, the law enforcement agency finds and determines that the conditions pertaining to that street, with the addition of proper signs, markers, or lighting, or any combination of those, will permit the establishment of a golf cart crossing with reasonable safety, and the signs, markers, or lighting specified by the law enforcement agency are in place. (b) Subdivision (a) does not constitute precedent for the operation of golf carts on any street or highway other than in a crossing zone established pursuant to subdivision (a). (c) For purposes of this section, a “golf cart” includes a low-speed vehicle.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21116. Section 21116.

(a) No person shall drive any motor vehicle upon a roadway located on a levee, canal bank, natural watercourse bank, or pipeline right-of-way if the responsibility for maintenance of the levee, canal bank, natural watercourse bank, or pipeline right-of-way is vested in the state or in a reclamation, levee, drainage, water or irrigation district, or other local agency, unless such person has received permission to drive upon such roadway from the agency responsible for such maintenance, or unless such roadway has been dedicated as a public right-of-way. (b) For this section to be applicable to a particular levee, canal bank, natural watercourse bank, or pipeline right-of-way, the state or other agency having responsibility for maintenance of the levee, canal bank, natural watercourse bank, or pipeline right-of-way shall erect or place appropriate signs giving notice that permission is required to be obtained to drive a motor vehicle thereon and giving notice of any special conditions or regulations that are imposed pursuant to this section and shall prepare and keep available at the principal office of the state agency or other agency affected or of the board of such agency, for examination by all interested persons, a written statement, in conformity with the existing rights of such agency to control access to the roadway, describing the nature of the vehicles, if any, to which such permission might be granted and the conditions, regulations, and procedure for the acquisition of such permission adopted pursuant to this section. (c) Nothing in this section prohibits the establishment of bicycle paths or routes (as prescribed by Article 6.5 (commencing with Section 5078) of Chapter 1 of Division 5 of the Public Resources Code) on levees, canal banks, natural watercourse banks, or pipeline rights-of-way.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21117. Section 21117.

(a) Local authorities may, notwithstanding Section 21101 or 21101.6, by written agreement approved by their legislative bodies, transfer among themselves the responsibility for maintaining, operating, or controlling public access to any highway under their respective jurisdictions located in or adjacent to an ecological reserve or an environmentally sensitive area within their respective jurisdictions. (b) An agreement entered into pursuant to subdivision (a) may authorize the local authority having responsibility for the highway under the agreement to do all of the following: (1) Limit access by motor vehicles to the highway during certain hours of the day or certain days of the week. (2) Prohibit access by motor vehicles during certain hours of the day or certain days of the week. (3) Provide for the construction or erection of barricades or other devices designed or intended to separate pedestrians from vehicles or motor vehicles. (4) Establish and operate a program by which vehicular access is permitted only in conjunction with specified educational programs or for disabled persons, or both. (5) Issue temporary permits for special events valid for less than one day. (c) As used in this section, the term “ecological reserve” has the same meaning as defined in Section 1584 of the Fish and Game Code, and “environmentally sensitive area” has the same meaning as defined in Section 30107.5 of the Public Resources Code.

Cal. Vehicle Code - VEH § 21118. Section 21118.

(a) A local authority may adopt rules and regulations by ordinance or resolution to restrict the routes or streets upon which a tour bus described in subdivision (b) of Section 612 may be operated, if the local authority determines that it is unsafe to operate those vehicles on those routes or streets. (b) A local authority may adopt rules and regulations by ordinance or resolution to prohibit the use of loudspeakers or public address systems by a tour bus described in subdivision (b) of Section 612, and instead require the use of headphones or similar devices by passengers for any information or presentation provided for the passengers.

Source: CA Legislative Counsel Bulk DataURL: https://downloads.leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/pubinfo_2025.zipFetched: 6/27/2026