Uncertainty interpreted against party causing it - Presumption as to cause
N.D. Cent. Code § 9-07-19
in effect9-07-19. Uncertainty interpreted against party causing it - Presumption as to cause
In cases of uncertainty not removed by the preceding rules, the language of a contract
should be interpreted most strongly against the party who caused the uncertainty to exist. The
promisor is presumed to be such party, except in a contract between a public officer or body, as
such, and a private party, and in such case it is presumed that all uncertainty was caused by the
private party.
Source: Open US Law by Vaquill AI (CC BY 4.0)URL: https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t09c07.pdf#nameddest=9-07-19Fetched: 10/16/2026