CHAPTER 11. Deposition by Written Questions [2028.010. - 2028.080.]

Cal. Code of Civil Procedure - CCP 11.

in effect

Cal. Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 2028.010. Section 2028.010.

Any party may obtain discovery by taking a deposition by written questions instead of by oral examination. Except as modified in this chapter, the procedures for taking oral depositions set forth in Chapters 9 (commencing with Section 2025.010) and 10 (commencing with Section 2026.010) apply to written depositions.

Cal. Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 2028.020. Section 2028.020.

The notice of a written deposition shall comply with Sections 2025.220 and 2025.230, and with subdivision (c) of Section 2020.240, except as follows: (a) The name or descriptive title, as well as the address, of the deposition officer shall be stated. (b) The date, time, and place for commencement of the deposition may be left to future determination by the deposition officer.

Cal. Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 2028.030. Section 2028.030.

(a) The questions to be propounded to the deponent by direct examination shall accompany the notice of a written deposition. (b) Within 30 days after the deposition notice and questions are served, a party shall serve any cross questions on all other parties entitled to notice of the deposition. (c) Within 15 days after being served with cross questions, a party shall serve any redirect questions on all other parties entitled to notice of the deposition. (d) Within 15 days after being served with redirect questions, a party shall serve any recross questions on all other parties entitled to notice of the deposition. (e) The court may, for good cause shown, extend or shorten the time periods for the interchange of cross, redirect, and recross questions.

Cal. Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 2028.040. Section 2028.040.

(a) A party who objects to the form of any question shall serve a specific objection to that question on all parties entitled to notice of the deposition within 15 days after service of the question. A party who fails to timely serve an objection to the form of a question waives it. (b) The objecting party shall promptly move the court to sustain the objection. This motion shall be accompanied by a meet and confer declaration under Section 2016.040. Unless the court has sustained that objection, the deposition officer shall propound to the deponent that question subject to that objection as to its form. (c) The court shall impose a monetary sanction under Chapter 7 (commencing with Section 2023.010) against any party, person, or attorney who unsuccessfully makes or opposes a motion to sustain an objection, unless it finds that the one subject to the sanction acted with substantial justification or that other circumstances make the imposition of the sanction unjust.

Cal. Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 2028.050. Section 2028.050.

(a) A party who objects to any question on the ground that it calls for information that is privileged or is protected work product under Chapter 4 (commencing with Section 2018.010) shall serve a specific objection to that question on all parties entitled to notice of the deposition within 15 days after service of the question. A party who fails to timely serve that objection waives it. (b) The party propounding any question to which an objection is made on those grounds may then move the court for an order overruling that objection. This motion shall be accompanied by a meet and confer declaration under Section 2016.040. The deposition officer shall not propound to the deponent any question to which a written objection on those grounds has been served unless the court has overruled that objection. (c) The court shall impose a monetary sanction under Chapter 7 (commencing with Section 2023.010) against any party, person, or attorney who unsuccessfully makes or opposes a motion to overrule an objection, unless it finds that the one subject to the sanction acted with substantial justification or that other circumstances make the imposition of the sanction unjust.

Cal. Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 2028.060. Section 2028.060.

(a) The party taking a written deposition may forward to the deponent a copy of the questions on direct examination for study prior to the deposition. (b) No party or attorney shall permit the deponent to preview the form or the substance of any cross, redirect, or recross questions.

Cal. Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 2028.070. Section 2028.070.

In addition to any appropriate order listed in Section 2025.420, the court may order any of the following: (a) That the deponent’s testimony be taken by oral, instead of written, examination. (b) That one or more of the parties receiving notice of the written deposition be permitted to attend in person or by attorney and to propound questions to the deponent by oral examination. (c) That objections under Sections 2028.040 and 2028.050 be sustained or overruled. (d) That the deposition be taken before an officer other than the one named or described in the deposition notice.

Cal. Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 2028.080. Section 2028.080.

The party taking a written deposition shall deliver to the officer designated in the deposition notice a copy of that notice and of all questions served under Section 2028.030. The deposition officer shall proceed promptly to propound the questions and to take and record the testimony of the deponent in response to the questions.

Source: CA Legislative Counsel Bulk DataURL: https://downloads.leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/pubinfo_2025.zipFetched: 6/27/2026