ARTICLE 3. Civil Penalties [45010. - 45024.]

Cal. Public Resources Code - PRC 3.
in effect

Cal. Public Resources Code - PRC § 45010. Section 45010.

(a) The board and enforcement agencies shall impose civil penalties on the operators of solid waste facilities in a judicious manner and shall impose those penalties only after all reasonable efforts pursuant to Section 45010.2 have been made by enforcement agencies to provide proper notice of violations to alleged violators as well as a reasonable opportunity to bring solid waste facilities and disposal sites into compliance with this division. (b) An enforcement agency shall not deposit funds collected through the imposition of civil penalties pursuant to this article in the General Fund of the local enforcement agency, but instead shall deposit those funds in a segregated account and use those funds exclusively for enhancing solid waste enforcement within the local enforcement agency’s jurisdiction, including, but not limited to, all of the following: (1) Increasing enforcement programs. (2) Expanding the agency’s enforcement capabilities. (3) Bringing solid waste facilities into compliance with this division. (4) Remediating illegal or abandoned solid waste disposal sites. (c) Civil penalties paid to the board pursuant to this article shall be deposited in the Enforcement Penalty Account, which is hereby established in the Solid Waste Disposal Site Cleanup Trust Fund created pursuant to Section 48027. Notwithstanding subdivision (b) of Section 48027, the moneys in the Enforcement Penalty Account may be expended by the board, upon appropriation by the Legislature, to enforce and implement this division.

Cal. Public Resources Code - PRC § 45010.1. Section 45010.1.

(a) The board or an enforcement agency may issue an order imposing a civil penalty of not more than five thousand dollars ($5,000) for each violation, for each day that the violation continues, to a person who violates the terms or conditions of a solid waste facilities permit or who violates a requirement of this division, a regulation adopted pursuant to this division, or an order issued under this chapter, if the requirement, regulation, or order is applicable to a solid waste facility or a disposal site. An enforcement agency or the board may impose the penalty administratively pursuant to this part. (b) In determining the amount of civil liability to be imposed pursuant to this section, the board or enforcement agency shall take into consideration the factors specified in Section 45016.

Cal. Public Resources Code - PRC § 45010.2. Section 45010.2.

Before the board or enforcement agency issues an order under this chapter, except for a notice to comply pursuant to Section 45003, the board or enforcement agency shall do both of the following: (a) Notify the owner or operator of the solid waste facility or the owner or operator of the disposal site, that the facility or site is in violation of this division, a regulation adopted pursuant to this division, or an order issued under this division, applicable to a solid waste facility or disposal site. (b) Upon the request of the owner or operator of the solid waste facility or the owner or operator of the disposal site, meet with the owner or operator to clarify the applicable requirements and to determine what actions, if any, that the operator or owner may voluntarily take to bring the facility or site into compliance by the earliest feasible date.

Cal. Public Resources Code - PRC § 45011. Section 45011.

If an enforcement agency or the board determines that a solid waste facility or disposal site is in violation of this division, a regulation adopted pursuant to this division, the terms or conditions of a solid waste facilities permit, an order issued under this division, or poses a potential or actual threat to public health and safety or the environment, or determines that a person has disposed of solid waste at an unpermitted disposal site in violation of Section 44000.5, the enforcement agency or board may issue an order establishing a time schedule according to which the facility or site shall be brought into compliance with this division. The order may also provide for a civil penalty, to be imposed administratively by the enforcement agency or board, in an amount not to exceed five thousand dollars ($5,000) for each day on which a violation occurs, if compliance is not achieved in accordance with that time schedule.

Cal. Public Resources Code - PRC § 45012. Section 45012.

(a) If an enforcement agency, despite having made a good faith effort pursuant to its enforcement authority or any other authority, is unable to correct a violation, and the board, acting through its executive director, and the enforcement agency both agree that enforcement by the board is feasible and desirable pursuant to these circumstances, the board, acting through its executive director, may take any appropriate enforcement action pursuant to this section. (b) (1) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), the board shall not take any enforcement action specified in this part without providing notice to the enforcement agency and the violator of the board’s intent to take that action, allowing the enforcement agency and the violator a reasonable opportunity to correct the violation, and conducting a public hearing on the matter. (2) When taking an enforcement action pursuant to this section, the board is vested, in addition to its other powers, with all of the authority to take an action that an enforcement agency may take pursuant to this division. (c) Notwithstanding subdivisions (a) and (b), if the board finds that an enforcement agency’s failure to take enforcement action constitutes an imminent threat to public health and safety or to the environment, the board may take the enforcement action that the board determines is necessary.

Cal. Public Resources Code - PRC § 45013. Section 45013.

The board shall make available guidance and assistance to the enforcement agency regarding the inspection, investigation, enforcement, and remediation of illegal, abandoned, inactive, or closed disposal sites to ensure that public health and safety and the environment are protected.

Cal. Public Resources Code - PRC § 45014. Section 45014.

(a) Upon the failure of a person to comply with a final order issued by a local enforcement agency or the board, the Attorney General, upon request of the board, shall petition the superior court for the issuance of a preliminary or permanent injunction, or both, as may be appropriate, restraining the person or persons from continuing to violate the order or complaint. (b) An attorney authorized to act on behalf of the local enforcement agency or the board may petition the superior court for injunctive relief to enforce this part, a term or condition in a solid waste facilities permit, or a standard adopted by the board or the local enforcement agency. (c) In addition to the administrative imposition of civil penalties pursuant to this part, Article 6 (commencing with Section 42850) of Chapter 16 of Part 3, and Article 4 (commencing with Section 42962) of Chapter 19 of Part 3, an attorney authorized to act on behalf of the local enforcement agency or the board may apply, to the clerk of the appropriate court in the county in which the civil penalty was imposed, for a judgment to collect the penalty. The application, which shall include a certified copy of the decision or order in the civil penalty action, constitutes a sufficient showing to warrant issuance of the judgment. The court clerk shall enter the judgment immediately in conformity with the application. The judgment so entered shall include the amount of the court filing fee that would have been due from an applicant who is not a public agency, and has the same force and effect as, and is subject to all the provisions of law relating to, a judgment in a civil action, and may be enforced in the same manner as any other judgment of the court in which it is entered. The amount of the unpaid court filing fee shall be paid to the court prior to satisfying any of the civil penalty amount. Thereafter, any civil penalty or judgment recovered shall be paid, to the maximum extent allowed by law, to the board or to the local enforcement agency, whichever is represented by the attorney who brought the action.

Cal. Public Resources Code - PRC § 45016. Section 45016.

In making a determination regarding the allegations in, and the amount of any liability that may be imposed pursuant to, an order, petition, or complaint and determining the appropriate outcome, and when determining whether to deny, suspend, or revoke a permit or to deny a permit application, the issuing agency, the board, or a court, as the case may be, shall take into consideration: (a) The nature, circumstances, extent, and gravity of any violation or any condition giving rise to the violation and the various remedies and penalties that are appropriate in the given circumstances, with primary emphasis on protecting the public health and safety and the environment. (b) Whether the violations or conditions giving rise to the violation have been corrected in a timely fashion or reasonable progress is being made. (c) Whether the violations or conditions giving rise to the violation demonstrate a chronic pattern of noncompliance with this division, the regulations adopted pursuant to this division, or with the terms and conditions of a solid waste facilities permit, or pose, or have posed, a serious risk to the public health and safety or to the environment. (d) Whether the violations or conditions giving rise to the violation were intentional. (e) Whether the violations or conditions giving rise to the violation were voluntarily and promptly reported to appropriate authorities prior to the commencement of an investigation by the enforcement agency. (f) Whether the violations or conditions giving rise to the violation were due to circumstances beyond the reasonable control of the violator or were otherwise unavoidable under the circumstances. (g) Whether in the case of violations of this division, or the regulations adopted pursuant to this division, the violator has established one or more of the following programs prior to committing the violation that will help to prevent violations of the type committed in the future: (1) A comprehensive compliance program designed to prevent violations of this division, the regulations adopted pursuant to this division, and of the terms and conditions of the solid waste facilities permit. (2) Employee training programs designed to educate the employees regarding their responsibilities under this division, the regulations adopted pursuant to this division, and the terms and conditions of the solid waste facilities permit. (3) Regular internal audits to monitor the effectiveness of the comprehensive compliance programs described in paragraph (1). (4) Confidential systems for employee reporting of potential statutory, regulatory, or solid waste facilities permit violations and for protecting persons so reporting from retaliatory employment actions. (5) Special incentive programs that promote and reward statutory, regulatory, and permit compliance.

Cal. Public Resources Code - PRC § 45017. Section 45017.

(a) (1) Except as provided in paragraphs (2) and (3), all orders and determinations issued pursuant to this part or Part 4 (commencing with Section 43000) shall take effect immediately upon service. (2) (A) If an order or determination is issued pursuant to this part or Part 4 (commencing with Section 43000) to the owner or operator of a solid waste facility operating under a solid waste facilities permit issued in accordance with this part, the owner or operator may petition the executive director of the board, pursuant to this subparagraph, to stay the effect of the order or determination, or portion thereof, pending the completion of administrative appeals before the hearing panel or hearing officer or the board. (B) A petition submitted pursuant to subparagraph (A) shall be in writing and shall state the extraordinary circumstances that justify the stay. The petition shall also state the grounds, if any, on which a finding may be made that the immediate effect of the order or determination will preclude or interfere with the provision of an essential public service so that the public health and safety or the environment will be adversely affected. (C) If the executive director finds the immediate effect of the order or determination will preclude or interfere with the provision of an essential public service so that the public health and safety or the environment will be adversely affected, the executive director shall consider and act on the petition within three days from the receipt of the petition. The board or the executive director may order the stay to be in effect from the effective date of the order or determination or other appropriate date. (D) If the executive director does not find that the immediate effect of the order or determination will preclude or interfere with the provision of an essential public service, the board shall act upon the petition within 14 days or at its next scheduled public meeting, whichever date is sooner. (3) (A) If an order or determination is issued pursuant to this part or Part 4 (commencing with Section 43000) to a person that is not the owner or operator of a permitted solid waste facility, the person subject to the order or determination may petition the board pursuant to this subparagraph to stay the effect of the order or determination, or portion thereof, pending the completion of administrative appeals before the hearing panel or hearing officer or the board. (B) The board shall act on a petition filed pursuant to subparagraph (A) within 14 days or at its next scheduled public meeting whichever date is sooner. The board may order the stay to be in effect from the effective date of the order or determination or other appropriate date. (b) For purposes of this section, service may be effected by any of the following: (1) Personal delivery. (2) First-class United States mail, if it is made by certified mail and evidence of delivery is provided. (3) Express delivery by a national express mail service that provides evidence of delivery.

Cal. Public Resources Code - PRC § 45018. Section 45018.

The payment of civil liability assessed in any order issued under this chapter shall be made within 30 days of the date the order becomes final. Any penalties recovered shall be sent to the board or to the enforcement agency, whichever brought the action, as provided in subdivision (c) of Section 45014.

Cal. Public Resources Code - PRC § 45019. Section 45019.

At least 10 days prior to the date of issuance of an enforcement order which is not for an emergency, or within five days from the date of issuance of an enforcement order for an emergency, or within 15 days from the date of discovery of a violation of a state law, regulation, or term or condition of a solid waste facilities permit for a solid waste facility or disposal site, which is likely to result in an enforcement action, the following agencies shall, to the extent that the enforcement action involves a violation that may also be under the jurisdiction of another state regulatory agency, provide a written statement providing an explanation of, and justification for, the enforcement order or a description of the violation in the following manner: (a) The enforcement agency, as appropriate, shall provide the statement to the regional water board, the board, the air pollution control district or air quality management district, and the Department of Toxic Substances Control. (b) A regional water board, as appropriate, shall provide the statement to the enforcement agency, the board, the air pollution control district or air quality management district, and the Department of Toxic Substances Control. (c) An air pollution control district or an air quality management district, as appropriate, shall provide the statement to the enforcement agency, the board, the regional water board, and the Department of Toxic Substances Control. (d) The Department of Toxic Substances Control, as appropriate, shall provide the report of inspection required by paragraph (1) of subdivision (c) of Section 25185 of the Health and Safety Code to the enforcement agency, the board, the regional water board, and the air pollution control district or air quality management district.

Cal. Public Resources Code - PRC § 45020. Section 45020.

(a) Within 30 days from the date of receipt of a notice of the issuance of, or the proposal to issue, an enforcement order pursuant to Section 45022, the regional water board, the enforcement agency, or the air pollution control district or the air quality management district, and the Department of Toxic Substances Control, as appropriate, shall inspect the solid waste facility or disposal site to determine whether any state law, regulation, or term or condition of a permit, which that board or agency is authorized to enforce, is being violated. (b) Each agency, to the maximum extent allowed by law, shall do all of the following with respect to enforcement activities at solid waste facilities and disposal sites: (1) Coordinate enforcement activities to eliminate duplication and facilitate compliance. (2) Notify the owner and operator of the solid waste facility or owner and operator of the disposal site of a violation before imposing an administrative civil penalty. (3) Prior to imposing an administrative penalty, and upon the request of the owner or operator of the solid waste facility or owner or operator of the disposal site, meet with the owner or operator to clarify the regulatory requirements and to determine what actions, if any, the owner or operator could voluntarily take to bring the solid waste facility or disposal site into compliance by the earliest feasible date. If a contemporaneous enforcement action or investigation dealing with the same violation or with similar violations is being pursued by another regulatory agency, a city attorney, a county counsel, a district attorney, or the Attorney General, the operator may request a meeting with all those investigating and enforcement entities. (4) Consider the factors prescribed in Section 45016 in determining appropriate enforcement actions.

Cal. Public Resources Code - PRC § 45021. Section 45021.

If any board or agency specified in Section 45019 receives a complaint concerning a solid waste facility or disposal site and the board or agency determines that it is not authorized to take action concerning the complaint, the board or agency shall refer the complaint within 30 days from the date of receipt to another state agency that it determines is authorized to take action.

Cal. Public Resources Code - PRC § 45022. Section 45022.

If any agency or board specified in Section 45019 receives a complaint concerning a solid waste facility or disposal site that the agency or board does not refer to another state agency pursuant to Section 45021, or if the agency or board receives this complaint referred to it by another agency or board pursuant to Section 45021, the agency or board shall either take appropriate enforcement action concerning the facility or site pursuant to this part, or refer the complaint to the Attorney General, the district attorney, the city attorney, or the county counsel, whichever is applicable, or, at the earliest feasible date, not to exceed 60 days, provide the person who filed the complaint with a written statement explaining why an enforcement action would not be appropriate.

Cal. Public Resources Code - PRC § 45022.5. Section 45022.5.

An enforcement agency shall maintain a record of, and take any action that the enforcement agency is authorized to take regarding, a complaint, referral, or inspection relating to the operation of a solid waste facility, solid waste disposal site, or solid waste handling activity, including, but not limited to, those activities that do not require a solid waste facilities permit, within its jurisdiction.

Cal. Public Resources Code - PRC § 45023. Section 45023.

A civil penalty of not more than ten thousand dollars ($10,000) may be imposed upon a person who for each day the violation or operation occurs: (a) Owns or operates a solid waste facility or disposal site and who intentionally or negligently violates or causes or permits another to violate the terms and conditions of a solid waste facilities permit or a standard, requirement, or order applicable to a solid waste facility or disposal site. (b) Operates a solid waste facility without a solid waste facilities permit. (c) With respect only to a solid waste facility or disposal site, intentionally or negligently violates a provision of this division, or a regulation, administrative order, or standard adopted by the board or an enforcement agency.

Cal. Public Resources Code - PRC § 45024. Section 45024.

Any attorney authorized to act on behalf of the board or a local enforcement agency may petition the superior court to impose, assess, and recover the civil penalties authorized by Section 45023. Any penalties recovered pursuant to this section shall be paid, to the maximum extent allowed by law, to the board or to the local enforcement agency, whichever is represented by the attorney bringing the action.
Source: CA Legislative Counsel Bulk DataURL: https://downloads.leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/pubinfo_2025.zipFetched: 6/27/2026

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