CFR Subpart A

CFR Subpart A
in effect

36 C.F.R. § 222.1 Authority and definitions.

(a) Authority. The Chief, Forest Service, shall develop, administer and protect the range resources and permit and regulate the grazing use of all kinds and classes of livestock on all National Forest System lands and on other lands under Forest Service control. He may redelegate this authority. (b) Definitions. Allotment means a designated area of land available for livestock grazing. Allotment management plan means a document that specifies the program of action designated to reach a given set of objectives. It is prepared in consultation with the permittee(s) involved and: (i) Prescribes the manner in and extent to which livestock operations will be conducted in order to meet the multiple-use, sustained yield, economic, and other needs, and objectives as determined for the lands, involved; and (ii) Describes the type, location, ownership, and general specifications for the range improvements in place or to be installed and maintained on the lands to meet the livestock grazing and other objectives of land management; and (iii) Contains such other provisions relating to livestock grazing and other objectives as may be prescribed by the Chief, Forest Service, consistent with applicable law. Base property means land and improvements owned and used by the permittee for a farm or ranch operation and specifically designated by him to qualify for a term grazing permit. Cancel means action taken to permanently invalidate a term grazing permit in whole or in part. Grazing permit means any document authorizing livestock to use National Forest System or other lands under Forest Service control for the purpose of livestock production including: (i) Temporary grazing permits for grazing livestock temporarily and without priority for reissuance. (ii) Term permits for up to 10 years with priority for renewal at the end of the term. Land subject to commercial livestock grazing means National Forest System lands within established allotments. Lands within the National Forest in the 16 contiguous western States means lands designated as National Forest within the boundaries of Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming (National Grasslands are excluded). Livestock means animals of any kind kept or raised for use or pleasure. Livestock use permit means a permit issued for not to exceed one year where the primary use is for other than grazing livestock. Modify means to revise the terms and conditions of an issued permit. National Forest System lands means the National Forests, National Grasslands, Land Utilization Projects, and other Federal lands for which the Forest Service has administrative jurisdiction. Non-permittee means a person who owns or controls livestock and does not have a grazing permit to graze livestock on National Forest System lands. On-and-off grazing permits means permits with specific provisions on range, only part of which is National Forest System lands or other lands under Forest Service control. On-the-ground expenditure means payment of direct project costs of implementing an improvement or development, such as survey and design, equipment, labor, and material (or contract) costs, and on-the-ground supervision. Other lands under Forest Service control means non-Federal public and private lands over which the Forest Service has been given control through lease, agreement, waiver, or otherwise. Permittee means any person who has been issued a grazing permit. Permitted livestock means livestock authorized by a written permit. Person means any individual, partnership, corporation, association, organization, or other private entity, but does not include Government Agencies. Private land grazing permits means permits issued to persons who control grazing lands adjacent to National Forest System lands and who waive exclusive grazing use of these lands to the United States for the full period the permit is to be issued. Range betterment means rehabilitation, protection, and improvement of National Forest System lands to arrest range deterioration and improve forage conditions, fish and wildlife habitat, watershed protection, and livestock production. Range betterment fund means the fund established by title IV, section 401(b)(1), of the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976. This consists of 50 percent of all monies received by the United States as fees for grazing livestock on the National Forests in the 16 contiguous western States. Range improvement means any activity or program designed to improve production of forage and includes facilities or treatments constructed or installed for the purpose of improving the range resource or the management of livestock and includes the following types: (i) Non-structural which are practices and treatments undertaken to improve range not involving construction of improvements. (ii) Structural which are improvements requiring construction or installation undertaken to improve the range or to facilitate management or to control distribution and movement of livestock. (A) Permanent means range improvements installed or constructed and become a part of the land such as: dams, ponds, pipelines, wells, fences, trails, seeding, etc. (B) Temporary means short-lived or portable improvements that can be removed such as: troughs, pumps and electric fences, including improvements at authorized places of habitation such as line camps. Suspend means temporary withholding of a term grazing permit privilege, in whole or in part. Term period means the period for which term permits are issued, the maximum of which is 10 years. Transportation livestock means livestock used as pack and saddle stock for travel on the National Forest System.

36 C.F.R. § 222.2 Management of the range environment.

(a) Allotments will be designated on the National Forest System and on other lands under Forest Service control where the land is available for grazing. Associated private and other public lands should, but only with the consent of the landowner, lessee, or agency, be considered in such designations to form logical range management units. (b) Each allotment will be analyzed and with careful and considered consultation and cooperation with the affected permittees, landowners, and grazing advisory boards involved, as well as the State having land within the area covered, and an allotment management plan developed. The plan will then be approved and implemented. The analysis and plan will be updated as needed. (c) Forage producing National Forest System lands will be managed for livestock grazing and the allotment management plans will be prepared consistent with land management plans.

36 C.F.R. § 222.3 Issuance of grazing and livestock use permits.

(a) Unless otherwise specified by the Chief, Forest Service, all grazing and livestock use on National Forest System lands and on other lands under Forest Service control must be authorized by a grazing or livestock use permit. (b) Grazing permits and livestock use permits convey no right, title, or interest held by the United States in any lands or resources. (c) The Chief, Forest Service, is authorized to issue permits for livestock grazing and other use by livestock of the National Forest System and on other lands under Forest Service control as follows: (1) Grazing permits with priority for renewal may be issued as follows: On National Forests in the 16 contiguous western States 10-year term permits will be issued unless the land is pending disposal, or will be devoted to other uses prior to the end of ten years, or it will be in the best interest of sound land management to specify a shorter term. On National Forest System lands other than National Forests in the 16 contiguous western States, the permit term shall be for periods of 10 years or less. Term grazing permits for periods of 10 years or less in the form of grazing agreements may be issued to cooperative grazing associations or similar organizations incorporated or otherwise established pursuant to State law. Such an agreement will make National Forest System lands and improvements available to the association for grazing in accordance with provisions of the grazing agreement and Forest Service policies. Term permits authorized in this paragraph may be in the form of private land or on-and-off grazing permits where the person is qualified to hold such permits under provisions the Chief may require. Permits issued under this paragraph are subject to the following: (i) Except as provided for by the Chief, Forest Service, paid term permits will be issued to persons who own livestock to be grazed and such base property as may be required, provided the land is determined to be available for grazing purposes by the Chief, Forest Service, and the capacity exists to graze specified numbers of animals. (ii) A term permit holder has first priority for receipt of a new permit at the end of the term period provided he has fully complied with the terms and conditions of the expiring permit. (iii) In order to update terms and conditions, term permits may be cancelled at the end of the calendar year of the midyear of the decade (1985, 1995, etc.), provided they are reissued to the existing permit holder for a new term of 10 years. (iv) New term permits may be issued to the purchaser of a permittee's permitted livestock and/or base property, provided the permittee waives his term permit to the United States and provided the purchaser is otherwise eligible and qualified. (v) If the permittee chooses to dispose of all or part of his base property or permitted livestock (not under approved nonuse) but does not choose to waive his term permit, the Forest Supervisor will give written notice that he no longer is qualified to hold a permit, provided he is given up to one year to reestablish his qualifications before cancellation action is final. (vi) The Chief, Forest Service, shall prescribe provisions and requirements under which term permits will be issued, renewed, and administered, including: (A) The amount and character of base property and livestock the permit holder shall be required to own. (B) Specifying the period of the year the base property shall be capable of supporting permitted livestock. (C) Acquisition of base property and/or permitted livestock. (D) Conditions for the approval of nonuse of permit for specified periods. (E) Upper and special limits governing the total number of livestock for which a person is entitled to hold a permit. (F) Conditions whereby waiver of grazing privileges may be confirmed and new applicants recognized. (2) Permits with no priority for reissuance, subject to terms and conditions as the Chief, Forest Service, may prescribe, are authorized as follows: (i) Temporary grazing permits for periods not to exceed one year, and on a charge basis, may be issued: (A) To allow for use of range while a term grazing permit is held in suspension. (B) To use forage created by unusually favorable climatic conditions. (C) To use the forage available when the permit of the normal user's livestock is in nonuse status for reasons of personal convenience. (D) To allow a person to continue to graze livestock for the remainder of the grazing season where base property has been sold, the permit waived, and a new term permit issued. (E) To allow grazing use in the event of drought or other emergency of National or Regional scope where such use would not result in permanent resource damage. (ii) Livestock use permits for not to exceed one year may be issued under terms and conditions prescribed by the Chief, Forest Service, as follows: (A) Paid permits for transportation livestock to persons engaged in commercial packing, dude ranching, or other commercial enterprises which involve transportation livestock including mining, ranching, and logging, activities. (B) Paid or free permits for research purposes and administrative studies. (C) Paid or free permits to trail livestock across National Forest System lands. (D) Free permits to persons who reside on ranch or agricultural lands within or contiguous to National Forest System lands for not to exceed 10 head of livestock owned or kept and whose products are consumed or whose services are used directly by the family of the resident, and who distinctly need such National Forest System lands to support such animals. (E) Free permits to campers and travelers for the livestock actually used during the period of occupancy. This may be authorized without written permit. (F) Paid or free permits for horses, mules, or burros to persons who clearly need National Forest System land to support the management of permitted livestock. (G) Free permits for horses, mules, or burros to cooperators who clearly need National Forest System land to support research, administration or other work being conducted. This may be authorized without written permit. (H) Paid permits to holders of grazing permits for breeding animals used to service livestock permitted to graze on lands administered by the Forest Service. (I) Paid permits or cooperative agreements entered into as a management tool to manipulate revegetation on a given parcel of land.

36 C.F.R. § 222.4 Changes in grazing permits.

(a) The Chief, Forest Service, is authorized to cancel, modify, or suspend grazing and livestock use permits in whole or in part as follows: (1) Cancel permits where lands grazed under the permit are to be devoted to another public purpose including disposal. In these cases, except in an emergency, no permit shall be cancelled without two years' prior notification. (2) Cancel the permit in the event the permittee: (i) Refuses to accept modification of the terms and conditions of an existing permit. (ii) Refuses or fails to comply with eligibility or qualification requirements. (iii) Waives his permit back to the United States. (iv) Fails to restock the allotted range after full extent of approved personal convenience non-use has been exhausted. (v) Fails to pay grazing fees within established time limits. (3) Cancel or suspend the permit if the permittee fails to pay grazing fees within established time limit. (4) Cancel or suspend the permit if the permittee does not comply with provisions and requirements in the grazing permit or the regulations of the Secretary of Agriculture on which the permit is based. (5) Cancel or suspend the permit if the permittee knowingly and willfully makes a false statement or representation in the grazing application or amendments thereto. (6) Cancel or suspend the permit if the permit holder is convicted for failing to comply with Federal laws or regulations or State laws relating to protection of air, water, soil and vegetation, fish and wildlife, and other environmental values when exercising the grazing use authorized by the permit. (7) Modify the terms and conditions of a permit to conform to current situations brought about by changes in law, regulation, executive order, development or revision of an allotment management plan, or other management needs. (8) Modify the seasons of use, numbers, kind, and class of livestock allowed or the allotment to be used under the permit, because of resource condition, or permittee request. One year's notice will be given of such modification, except in cases of emergency. (b) Association permits or grazing agreements may be canceled for noncompliance with title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Department of Agriculture regulation promulgated thereunder.

36 C.F.R. § 222.6 Compensation for permittees' interest in authorized permanent improvements.

(a) Whenever a term permit for grazing livestock on National Forest land in the 16 contiguous western States is canceled in whole or in part to devote the lands covered by the permit to another public purpose, including disposal, the permittee shall receive from the United States a reasonable compensation for the adjusted value of his interest in authorized permanent improvements placed or constructed by him on the lands covered by the canceled permit. The adjusted value is to be determined by the Chief, Forest Service. Compensation received shall not exceed the fair market value of the terminated portion of the permittee's interest therein. (b) In the event a permittee waives his grazing permit in connection with sale of his base property or permitted livestock, he is not entitled to compensation.

36 C.F.R. § 222.7 Cooperation in management.

(a) Cooperation with local livestock associations—(1) Authority. The Chief, Forest Service, is authorized to recognize, cooperate with, and assist local livestock associations in the management of the livestock and range resources on a single range allotment, associated groups of allotments, or other association-controlled lands on which the members' livestock are permitted to graze. (2) Purposes. These associations will provide the means for the members to: (i) Manage their permitted livestock and the range resources. (ii) Meet jointly with Forest officers to discuss and formulate programs for management of their livestock and the range resources. (iii) Express their wishes through their designated officers or committees. (iv) Share costs for handling of livestock, construction and maintenance of range improvements or other accepted programs deemed needed for proper management of the permitted livestock and range resources. (v) Formulate association special rules needed to ensure proper resource management. (3) Requirements for recognition. The requirements for receiving recognition by the Forest Supervisor are: (i) The members of the association must constitute a majority of the grazing permittees on the range allotment or allotments involved. (ii) The officers of the association must be elected by a majority of the association members or of a quorum as specified by the association's constitution and bylaws. (iii) The officers other than the Secretary and Treasurer must be grazing permittees on the range allotment or allotments involved. (iv) The association's activities must be governed by a constitution and bylaws acceptable to the Forest Supervisor and approved by him. (4) Withdrawing recognition. The Forest Supervisor may withdraw his recognition of the association whenever: (i) The majority of the grazing permittees request that the association be dissolved. (ii) The association becomes inactive, and does not meet in annual or special meetings during a consecutive 2-year period. (b) Cooperation with national, State, and county livestock organizations. The policies and programs of national, State, and county livestock organizations give direction to, and reflect in, the practices of their members. Good working relationships with these groups is conducive to the betterment of range management on both public and private lands. The Chief, Forest Service, will endeavor to establish and maintain close working relationships with National livestock organizations who have an interest in the administration of National Forest System lands, and direct Forest officers to work cooperatively with State and county livestock organizations having similar interests. (c) Interagency cooperation. The Chief, Forest Service, will cooperate with other Federal agencies which have interest in improving range management on public and private lands. (d) Cooperation with others. The Chief, Forest Service, will cooperate with other agencies, institutions, organizations, and individuals who have interest in improvement of range management on public and private lands.

36 C.F.R. § 222.8 Cooperation in control of estray or unbranded livestock, animal diseases, noxious farm weeds, and use of pesticides.

(a) Insofar as it involves National Forest System lands and other lands under Forest Service control or the livestock which graze thereupon, the Chief, Forest Service, will cooperate with: (1) State, county, and Federal agencies in the application and enforcement of all laws and regulations relating to livestock diseases, sanitation and noxious farm weeds. (2) The Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service and other Federal or State agencies and institutions in surveillance of pesticides spray programs; and (3) State cattle and sheep sanitary or brand boards in control of estray and unbranded livestock to the extent it does not conflict with the Wild Free-Roaming Horse and Burro Act of December 15, 1971. (b) The Chief, Forest Service, will cooperate with county or other local weed control districts in analyzing noxious farm weed problems and developing control programs in areas of which the National Forests and National Grasslands are a part.

36 C.F.R. § 222.9 Range improvements.

(a) The Chief, Forest Service, is authorized to install and maintain structural and nonstructural range improvements needed to manage the range resource on National Forest System lands and other lands controlled by the Forest Service. (b) Such improvements may be constructed or installed and maintained, or work performed by individuals, organizations or agencies other than the Forest Service subject to the following: (1) All improvements must be authorized by cooperative agreement or memorandum of understanding, the provisions of which become a part of the grazing permit(s). (2) Title to permanent structural range improvements shall rest in the United States. (3) Title to temporary structural range improvements may be retained by the Cooperator where no part of the cost for the improvement is borne by the United States. (4) Title to nonstructural range improvements shall vest in the United States. (5) Range improvement work performed by a cooperator or permittee on National Forest System lands shall not confer the exclusive right to use the improvement or the land influenced. (c) A user of the range resource on National Forest System lands and other lands under Forest Service control may be required by the Chief, Forest Service, to maintain improvements to specified standards. (d) Grazing fees or the number of animal months charged shall not be adjusted to compensate permittees for range improvement work performed on National Forest System lands: Provided, That, in accordance with section 32(c), title III, Bankhead-Jones Farm Tenant Act, the cost to grazing users in complying with requirements of a grazing permit or agreement may be considered in determining the annual grazing fee on National Grasslands or land utilization projects if it has not been used in establishing the grazing base value.

36 C.F.R. § 222.10 Range betterment fund.

In addition to range development which is accomplished through funds from the rangeland management budget line item and the Granger-Thye Act, and deposited and nondeposited cooperative funds, range development may also be accomplished through use of the range betterment fund as follows: (a) On National Forest land within the 16 contiguous western States, the Chief, Forest Service, shall implement range improvement programs where necessary to arrest range deterioration and improve forage conditions with resulting benefits to wildlife, watershed protection, and livestock production. One-half of the available funds will be expended on the National Forest where derived. The remaining one-half of the fund will be allocated for range rehabilitation, protection and improvements on National Forest lands within the Forest Service Regions where they were derived. During the planning process there will be consultation with grazing permittees who will be affected by the range rehabilitation, protection and improvements, and other interested persons or organizations. (b) Range betterment funds shall be utilized only for on-the-ground expenditure for range land betterment, including, but not limited to, seeding and reseeding, fence construction, water development, weed and other plant control, and fish and wildlife habitat enhancement within allotments.

36 C.F.R. § 222.11 Grazing advisory boards.

(a) Establishment. Persons holding term permits to graze livestock on National Forest System lands with headquarters, office in the 16 contiguous western States having jurisdiction over more than 500,000 acres of land subject to commercial livestock grazing may petition the Forest Supervisor for establishment of a statutory grazing advisory board in accordance with provisions of the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976. (1) Upon being properly petitioned by a simple majority (more than 50 percent) of term grazing permittees under the jurisdiction of such headquarters office, the Secretary shall establish and maintain at least one grazing advisory board. (2) The Chief, Forest Service, shall determine the number of such boards, the area to be covered, and the number of advisers on each board. (3) Processing Petitions. Upon receiving a proper petition from the grazing permittees, the Forest Supervisor will request the Chief, Forest Service, through the Regional Forester, to initiate action to establish grazing advisory boards in accordance with regulations of the Secretary of Agriculture. Grazing advisory boards will comply with the provisions of the Federal Advisory Committee Act. (b) Membership. Grazing advisory boards established under this authority shall consist of members who are National Forest System term permittees under the jurisdiction of a National Forest headquarters office in the 16 contiguous western States, provided board members shall be elected by term grazing permittees in the area covered by the board. (c) Elections. The Forest Supervisor of the headquarters office shall prescribe and oversee the manner in which permittees are nominated and board members are elected. Nominations will be made by petition with all term grazing permittees under the jurisdiction of such headquarters office being eligible for membership on the board. All members of the board will be elected by secret ballot with each term grazing permittee in the area covered by the board being qualified to vote. No person shall be denied the opportunity to serve as a grazing advisory board member because of race, color, sex, religion, or national origin. No board member shall concurrently serve on another USDA advisory committee. The Forest Supervisor shall determine and announce the results of the election of the members of the board and shall recognize the duly elected board as representing National Forest System term grazing permittees in the areas for which it is established. Board members will be elected to terms not to exceed 2 years. (d) Charter and bylaws. (1) The Forest Supervisor will prepare a charter to be filed with the Department and the Congress as required by Section 9(c) of the Federal Advisory Committee Act. (2) A duly recognized grazing advisory board may, with the concurrence of a majority of its members and the Forest Supervisor, adopt bylaws to govern its proceedings. (e) Function. The function of grazing advisory boards will be to offer advice and make recommendations concerning the development of allotment management plans and the utilization of range betterment funds. (f) Meetings. The Forest Supervisor shall call at least one meeting of each board annually, and call additional meetings as needed to meet the needs of the permittees and the Forest Service. Each meeting shall be conducted in accordance with an agenda approved by the Forest Supervisor and in the presence of a Forest officer. (g) Termination. (1) Grazing advisory boards established under the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 shall continue until December 31, 1985, unless terminated earlier. (2) The Forest Supervisor may withdraw recognition of any board whenever: (i) A majority of the term grazing permittees for the area which the board represents requests that the board be dissolved. (ii) The board becomes inactive and does not meet at least once each calendar year.

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