USC Subpart 2

in effect

42 U.S.C. § 290bb–21 Center for Substance Abuse Prevention

(a) Establishment; DirectorThere is established in the Administration a Center for Substance Abuse Prevention (hereafter referred to in this part as the “Prevention Center”). The Prevention Center shall be headed by a Director appointed by the Secretary from individuals with extensive experience or academic qualifications in the prevention of drug or alcohol abuse. (b) Duties of DirectorThe Director of the Prevention Center shall—(1) sponsor regional workshops on the prevention of drug and alcohol abuse through the reduction of risk and the promotion of resiliency; (2) coordinate the findings of research sponsored by agencies of the Service on the prevention of drug and alcohol abuse; (3) collaborate with the Director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse, the Director of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, and States to promote the study of substance abuse prevention and the dissemination and implementation of research findings that will improve the delivery and effectiveness of substance abuse prevention activities; (4) develop effective drug and alcohol abuse prevention literature (including educational information on the effects of drugs abused by individuals, including drugs that are emerging as abused drugs); (5) in cooperation with the Secretary of Education, assure the widespread dissemination of prevention materials among States, political subdivisions, and school systems; (6) support clinical training programs for health professionals who provide substance use and misuse prevention and treatment services and other health professionals involved in illicit drug use education and prevention; (7) in cooperation with the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, develop and disseminate educational materials to increase awareness for individuals at greatest risk for substance use disorders to prevent the transmission of communicable diseases, such as HIV, hepatitis, tuberculosis, and other communicable diseases; (8) conduct training, technical assistance, data collection, and evaluation activities of programs supported under the Drug Free Schools and Communities Act of 1986; (9) support the development of model, innovative, community-based programs that reduce the risk of alcohol and drug abuse among young people and promote resiliency; (10) collaborate with the Attorney General of the Department of Justice to develop programs to prevent drug abuse among high risk youth; (11) prepare for distribution documentary films and public service announcements for television and radio to educate the public, especially adolescent audiences, concerning the dangers to health resulting from the consumption of alcohol and drugs and, to the extent feasible, use appropriate private organizations and business concerns in the preparation of such announcements; (12) develop and support innovative demonstration programs designed to identify and deter the improper use or abuse of anabolic steroids by students, especially students in secondary schools; (13) ensure the consistent documentation of the application of criteria when awarding grants and the ongoing oversight of grantees after such grants are awarded; (14) assist and support States in preventing illicit drug use, including emerging illicit drug use issues; and (15) in consultation with relevant stakeholders and in collaboration with the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, develop educational materials for clinicians to use with pregnant women for shared decision making regarding pain management and the prevention of substance use disorders during pregnancy. (c) Grants, contracts and cooperative agreementsThe Director may make grants and enter into contracts and cooperative agreements in carrying out subsection (b). (d) National data baseThe Director of the Prevention Center shall establish a national data base providing information on programs for the prevention of substance abuse. The data base shall contain information appropriate for use by public entities and information appropriate for use by nonprofit private entities.

42 U.S.C. § 290bb–22 Priority substance use disorder prevention needs of regional and national significance

(a) ProjectsThe Secretary shall address priority substance use disorder prevention needs of regional and national significance (as determined under subsection (b)) through the provision of or through assistance for—(1) knowledge development and application projects for prevention and the conduct or support of evaluations of such projects; (2) training and technical assistance; and (3) targeted capacity response programs, including such programs that focus on emerging drug use issues. The Secretary may carry out the activities described in this section directly or through grants, contracts, or cooperative agreements with States, political subdivisions of States, Indian Tribes or Tribal organizations (as such terms are defined in section 5304 of title 25), health facilities, or programs operated by or in accordance with a contract or grant with the Indian Health Service, or other public or nonprofit private entities. (b) Priority substance use disorder prevention needs(1) In generalPriority substance use disorder prevention needs of regional and national significance shall be determined by the Secretary in consultation with the States and other interested groups. The Secretary shall meet with the States and interested groups on an annual basis to discuss program priorities. (2) Special considerationIn developing program priorities under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall give special consideration to—(A) applying the most promising strategies and research-based primary prevention approaches; (B) promoting the integration of substance use disorder prevention information and activities into primary health care systems; and (C) substance use disorder prevention among high-risk groups. (c) Requirements(1) In generalRecipients of grants, contracts, and cooperative agreements under this section shall comply with information and application requirements determined appropriate by the Secretary. (2) Duration of awardWith respect to a grant, contract, or cooperative agreement awarded under this section, the period during which payments under such award are made to the recipient may not exceed 5 years. (3) Matching fundsThe Secretary may, for projects carried out under subsection (a), require that entities that apply for grants, contracts, or cooperative agreements under that project provide non-Federal matching funds, as determined appropriate by the Secretary, to ensure the institutional commitment of the entity to the projects funded under the grant, contract, or cooperative agreement. Such non-Federal matching funds may be provided directly or through donations from public or private entities and may be in cash or in kind, fairly evaluated, including plant, equipment, or services. (4) Maintenance of effortWith respect to activities for which a grant, contract, or cooperative agreement is awarded under this section, the Secretary may require that recipients for specific projects under subsection (a) agree to maintain expenditures of non-Federal amounts for such activities at a level that is not less than the level of such expenditures maintained by the entity for the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year for which the entity receives such a grant, contract, or cooperative agreement. (d) EvaluationThe Secretary shall evaluate each project carried out under subsection (a)(1) and shall disseminate the findings with respect to each such evaluation to appropriate public and private entities. (e) Information and educationThe Secretary shall establish comprehensive information and education programs to disseminate the findings of the knowledge development and application, training and technical assistance programs, and targeted capacity response programs under this section to the general public and to health professionals. The Secretary shall make every effort to provide linkages between the findings of supported projects and State agencies responsible for carrying out substance use disorder prevention and treatment programs. (f) Authorization of appropriationThere are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section, $218,219,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

42 U.S.C. § 290bb–25 Grants for services for children of substance abusers

(a) Establishment(1) In generalThe Secretary, acting through the Assistant Secretary for Mental Health and Substance Use, shall make grants to public and nonprofit private entities for the purpose of carrying out programs—(A) to provide the services described in subsection (b) to children of substance abusers; (B) to provide the applicable services described in subsection (c) to families in which a member is a substance abuser; (C) to identify such children and such families through youth service agencies, family social services, child care providers, Head Start, schools and after-school programs, early childhood development programs, community-based family resource and support centers, the criminal justice system, health, substance abuse and mental health providers through screenings conducted during regular childhood examinations and other examinations, self and family member referrals, substance abuse treatment services, and other providers of services to children and families; and (D) to provide education and training to health, substance abuse and mental health professionals, and other providers of services to children and families through youth service agencies, family social services, child care, Head Start, schools and after-school programs, early childhood development programs, community-based family resource and support centers, the criminal justice system, and other providers of services to children and families. (2) Administrative consultationsThe Assistant Secretary of the Administration for Children, Youth, and Families and the Assistant Secretary of the Health Resources and Services Administration shall be consulted regarding the promulgation of program guidelines and funding priorities under this section. (3) Requirement of status as medicaid provider(A) Subject to subparagraph (B), the Secretary may make a grant under paragraph (1) only if, in the case of any service under such paragraph that is covered in the State plan approved under title XIX of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.] for the State involved—(i)(I) the entity involved will provide the service directly, and the entity has entered into a participation agreement under the State plan and is qualified to receive payments under such plan; or (II) the entity will enter into an agreement with an organization under which the organization will provide the service, and the organization has entered into such a participation agreement and is qualified to receive such payments; and (ii) the entity will identify children who may be eligible for medical assistance under a State program under title XIX or XXI of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq., 1397aa et seq.]. (B)(i) In the case of an organization making an agreement under subparagraph (A)(ii) 11 See References in Text note below. regarding the provision of services under paragraph (1), the requirement established in such subparagraph regarding a participation agreement shall be waived by the Secretary if the organization does not, in providing health or mental health services, impose a charge or accept reimbursement available from any third-party payor, including reimbursement under any insurance policy or under any Federal or State health benefits program. (ii) A determination by the Secretary of whether an organization referred to in clause (i) meets the criteria for a waiver under such clause shall be made without regard to whether the organization accepts voluntary donations regarding the provision of services to the public. (b) Services for children of substance abusersThe Secretary may make a grant under subsection (a) only if the applicant involved agrees to make available (directly or through agreements with other entities) to children of substance abusers each of the following services:(1) Periodic evaluation of children for developmental, psychological, alcohol and drug, and medical problems. (2) Primary pediatric care. (3) Other necessary health and mental health services. (4) Therapeutic intervention services for children, including provision of therapeutic child care. (5) Developmentally and age-appropriate drug and alcohol early intervention, treatment and prevention services. (6) Counseling related to the witnessing of chronic violence. (7) Referrals for, and assistance in establishing eligibility for, services provided under—(A) education and special education programs; (B) Head Start programs established under the Head Start Act [42 U.S.C. 9831 et seq.]; (C) other early childhood programs; (D) employment and training programs; (E) public assistance programs provided by Federal, State, or local governments; and (F) programs offered by vocational rehabilitation agencies, recreation departments, and housing agencies. (8) Additional developmental services that are consistent with the provision of early intervention services, as such term is defined in part C of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act [20 U.S.C. 1431 et seq.]. Services shall be provided under paragraphs (2) through (8) by a public health nurse, social worker, or similar professional, or by a trained worker from the community who is supervised by a professional, or by an entity, where the professional or entity provides assurances that the professional or entity is licensed or certified by the State if required and is complying with applicable licensure or certification requirements. (c) Services for affected familiesThe Secretary may make a grant under subsection (a) only if, in the case of families in which a member is a substance abuser, the applicant involved agrees to make available (directly or through agreements with other entities) each of the following services, as applicable to the family member involved:(1) Services as follows, to be provided by a public health nurse, social worker, or similar professional, or by a trained worker from the community who is supervised by a professional, or by an entity, where the professional or entity provides assurances that the professional or entity is licensed or certified by the State if required and is complying with applicable licensure or certification requirements:(A) Counseling to substance abusers on the benefits and availability of substance abuse treatment services and services for children of substance abusers. (B) Assistance to substance abusers in obtaining and using substance abuse treatment services and in obtaining the services described in subsection (b) for their children. (C) Visiting and providing support to substance abusers, especially pregnant women, who are receiving substance abuse treatment services or whose children are receiving services under subsection (b). (D) Aggressive outreach to family members with substance abuse problems. (E) Inclusion of consumer in the development, implementation, and monitoring of Family Services Plan. (2) In the case of substance abusers:(A) Alcohol and drug treatment services, including screening and assessment, diagnosis, detoxification, individual, group and family counseling, relapse prevention, pharmacotherapy treatment, after-care services, and case management. (B) Primary health care and mental health services, including prenatal and post partum care for pregnant women. (C) Consultation and referral regarding subsequent pregnancies and life options and counseling on the human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immune deficiency syndrome. (D) Where appropriate, counseling regarding family violence. (E) Career planning and education services. (F) Referrals for, and assistance in establishing eligibility for, services described in subsection (b)(7). (3) In the case of substance abusers, spouses of substance abusers, extended family members of substance abusers, caretakers of children of substance abusers, and other people significantly involved in the lives of substance abusers or the children of substance abusers:(A) An assessment of the strengths and service needs of the family and the assignment of a case manager who will coordinate services for the family. (B) Therapeutic intervention services, such as parental counseling, joint counseling sessions for families and children, and family therapy. (C) Child care or other care for the child to enable the parent to attend treatment or other activities and respite care services. (D) Parenting education services and parent support groups which include child abuse and neglect prevention techniques. (E) Support services, including, where appropriate, transportation services. (F) Where appropriate, referral of other family members to related services such as job training. (G) Aftercare services, including continued support through parent groups and home visits. (d) Training for providers of services to children and familiesThe Secretary may make a grant under subsection (a) for the training of health, substance abuse and mental health professionals and other providers of services to children and families through youth service agencies, family social services, child care providers, Head Start, schools and after-school programs, early childhood development programs, community-based family resource centers, the criminal justice system, and other providers of services to children and families. Such training shall be to assist professionals in recognizing the drug and alcohol problems of their clients and to enhance their skills in identifying and understanding the nature of substance abuse, and obtaining substance abuse early intervention, prevention and treatment resources. (e) Eligible entitiesThe Secretary shall distribute the grants through the following types of entities:(1) Alcohol and drug early intervention, prevention or treatment programs, especially those providing treatment to pregnant women and mothers and their children. (2) Public or nonprofit private entities that provide health or social services to disadvantaged populations, and that have—(A) expertise in applying the services to the particular problems of substance abusers and the children of substance abusers; or (B) an affiliation or contractual relationship with one or more substance abuse treatment programs or pediatric health or mental health providers and family mental health providers. (3) Consortia of public or nonprofit private entities that include at least one substance abuse treatment program. (4) Indian tribes. (f) Federal shareThe Federal share of a program carried out under subsection (a) shall be 90 percent. The Secretary shall accept the value of in-kind contributions, including facilities and personnel, made by the grant recipient as a part or all of the non-Federal share of grants. (g) Restrictions on use of grantThe Secretary may make a grant under subsection (a) only if the applicant involved agrees that the grant will not be expended—(1) to provide inpatient hospital services; (2) to make cash payments to intended recipients of services; (3) to purchase or improve land, purchase, construct, or permanently improve (other than minor remodeling) any building or other facility, or purchase major medical equipment; (4) to satisfy any requirement for the expenditure of non-Federal funds as a condition for the receipt of Federal funds; or (5) to provide financial assistance to any entity other than a public or nonprofit private entity. (h) Submission to Secretary of certain informationThe Secretary may make a grant under subsection (a) only if the applicant involved submits to the Secretary—(1) a description of the population that is to receive services under this section and a description of such services that are to be provided and measurable goals and objectives; (2) a description of the mechanism that will be used to involve the local public agencies responsible for health, including maternal and child health 22 So in original. Probably should be followed by a comma. mental health, child welfare, education, juvenile justice, developmental disabilities, and substance abuse in planning and providing services under this section, as well as evidence that the proposal has been coordinated with the State agencies responsible for administering those programs, the State agency responsible for administering alcohol and drug programs, the State lead agency, and the State Interagency Coordinating Council under part H 1 of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act; and; 33 So in original. The semicolon probably should not appear after “and”. (3) such other information as the Secretary determines to be appropriate. (i) Reports to SecretaryThe Secretary may make a grant under subsection (a) only if the applicant involved agrees that for each fiscal year for which the applicant receives such a grant the applicant, in accordance with uniform standards developed by the Secretary, will submit to the Secretary a report containing—(1) a description of specific services and activities provided under the grant; (2) information regarding progress toward meeting the program’s stated goals and objectives; (3) information concerning the extent of use of services provided under the grant, including the number of referrals to related services and information on other programs or services accessed by children, parents, and other caretakers; (4) information concerning the extent to which parents were able to access and receive treatment for alcohol and drug abuse and sustain participation in treatment over time until the provider and the individual receiving treatment agree to end such treatment, and the extent to which parents re-enter treatment after the successful or unsuccessful termination of treatment; (5) information concerning the costs of the services provided and the source of financing for health care services; (6) information concerning—(A) the number and characteristics of families, parents, and children served, including a description of the type and severity of childhood disabilities, and an analysis of the number of children served by age; (B) the number of children served who remained with their parents during the period in which entities provided services under this section; and (C) the number of case workers or other professionals trained to identify and address substance abuse issues. (7) information on hospitalization or emergency room use by the family members participating in the program; and (8) such other information as the Secretary determines to be appropriate. (j) Requirement of applicationThe Secretary may make any grant under subsection (a) only if—(1) an application for the grant is submitted to the Secretary; (2) the application contains the agreements required in this section and the information required in subsection (h); and (3) the application is in such form, is made in such manner, and contains such agreements, assurances, and information as the Secretary determines to be necessary to carry out this section. (k) EvaluationsThe Secretary shall periodically conduct evaluations to determine the effectiveness of programs supported under subsection (a)—(1) in reducing the incidence of alcohol and drug abuse among substance abusers participating in the programs; (2) in preventing adverse health conditions in children of substance abusers; (3) in promoting better utilization of health and developmental services and improving the health, developmental, and psychological status of children receiving services under the program; and (4) in improving parental and family functioning, including increased participation in work or employment-related activities and decreased participation in welfare programs. (l) Report to CongressNot later than 2 years after the date on which amounts are first appropriated under subjection 44 So in original. Probably should be “subsection”. (o), the Secretary shall prepare and submit to the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives, and to the Committee on Labor and Human Resources of the Senate, a report that contains a description of programs carried out under this section. At a minimum, the report shall contain—(1) information concerning the number and type of programs receiving grants; (2) information concerning the type and use of services offered; and (3) information concerning—(A) the number and characteristics of families, parents, and children served; and (B) the number of children served who remained with their parents during or after the period in which entities provided services under this section.55 So in original. The period probably should be a semicolon. analyzed by the type of entity described in subsection (e) that provided services; 66 So in original. The semicolon probably should be a period. (m) Data collectionThe Secretary shall periodically collect and report on information concerning the numbers of children in substance abusing families, including information on the age, gender and ethnicity of the children, the composition and income of the family, and the source of health care finances. The periodic report shall include a quantitative estimate of the prevalence of alcohol and drug problems in families involved in the child welfare system, the barriers to treatment and prevention services facing these families, and policy recommendations for removing the identified barriers, including training for child welfare workers. (n) DefinitionsFor purposes of this section:(1) The term “caretaker”, with respect to a child of a substance abuser, means any individual acting in a parental role regarding the child (including any birth parent, foster parent, adoptive parent, relative of such a child, or other individual acting in such a role). (2) The term “children of substance abusers” means—(A) children who have lived or are living in a household with a substance abuser who is acting in a parental role regarding the children; and (B) children who have been prenatally exposed to alcohol or other drugs. (3) The term “Indian tribe” means any tribe, band, nation, or other organized group or community of Indians, including any Alaska Native village (as defined in, or established pursuant to, the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act [43 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.]), that is recognized as eligible for the special programs and services provided by the United States to Indians because of their status as Indians. (4) The term “public or nonprofit private entities that provide health or social services to disadvantaged populations” includes community-based organizations, local public health departments, community action agencies, hospitals, community health centers, child welfare agencies, developmental disabilities service providers, and family resource and support programs. (5) The term “substance abuse” means the abuse of alcohol or other drugs. (o) Authorization of appropriationsFor the purpose of carrying out this section, there are authorized to be appropriated $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2001, and such sums as may be necessary for each of fiscal years 2002 and 2003.

42 U.S.C. § 290bb–25b Programs to reduce underage drinking

(a) DefinitionsFor purposes of this section:(1) The term “alcohol beverage industry” means the brewers, vintners, distillers, importers, distributors, and retail or online outlets that sell or serve beer, wine, and distilled spirits. (2) The term “school-based prevention” means programs, which are institutionalized, and run by staff members or school-designated persons or organizations in any grade of school, kindergarten through 12th grade. (3) The term “youth” means persons under the age of 21. (b) Sense of CongressIt is the sense of the Congress that:(1) A multi-faceted effort is needed to more successfully address the problem of underage drinking in the United States. A coordinated approach to prevention, intervention, treatment, enforcement, and research is key to making progress. This chapter recognizes the need for a focused national effort, and addresses particulars of the Federal portion of that effort, as well as Federal support for State activities. (2) The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall continue to conduct research and collect data on the short and long-range impact of alcohol use and abuse upon adolescent brain development and other organ systems. (3) States and communities, including colleges and universities, are encouraged to adopt comprehensive prevention approaches, including—(A) evidence-based screening, programs and curricula; (B) brief intervention strategies; (C) consistent policy enforcement; and (D) environmental changes that limit underage access to alcohol. (4) Public health groups, consumer groups, and the alcohol beverage industry should continue and expand evidence-based efforts to prevent and reduce underage drinking. (5) The entertainment industries have a powerful impact on youth, and they should use rating systems and marketing codes to reduce the likelihood that underage audiences will be exposed to movies, recordings, or television programs with unsuitable alcohol content. (6) The National Collegiate Athletic Association, its member colleges and universities, and athletic conferences should affirm a commitment to a policy of discouraging alcohol use among underage students and other young fans. (7) Alcohol is a unique product and should be regulated differently than other products by the States and Federal Government. States have primary authority to regulate alcohol distribution and sale, and the Federal Government should support and supplement these State efforts. States also have a responsibility to fight youth access to alcohol and reduce underage drinking. Continued State regulation and licensing of the manufacture, importation, sale, distribution, transportation and storage of alcoholic beverages are clearly in the public interest and are critical to promoting responsible consumption, preventing illegal access to alcohol by persons under 21 years of age from commercial and non-commercial sources, maintaining industry integrity and an orderly marketplace, and furthering effective State tax collection. (c) Interagency coordinating committee; annual report on State underage drinking prevention and enforcement activities(1) Interagency coordinating committee on the prevention of underage drinking(A) In generalThe Secretary, in collaboration with the Federal officials specified in subparagraph (B), shall continue to support and enhance the efforts of the interagency coordinating committee, that began operating in 2004, focusing on underage drinking (referred to in this subsection as the “Committee”). (B) Other agenciesThe officials referred to in subparagraph (A) are the Secretary of Education, the Attorney General, the Secretary of Transportation, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Defense, the Surgeon General, the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Director of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, the Assistant Secretary for Mental Health and Substance Use, the Director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse, the Assistant Secretary for Children and Families, the Director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy, the Administrator of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, the Administrator of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, the Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission, and such other Federal officials as the Secretary of Health and Human Services determines to be appropriate. (C) ChairThe Secretary of Health and Human Services shall serve as the chair of the Committee. (D) DutiesThe Committee shall guide policy and program development across the Federal Government with respect to underage drinking, provided, however, that nothing in this section shall be construed as transferring regulatory or program authority from an agency to the Committee. (E) ConsultationsThe Committee shall actively seek the input of and shall consult with all appropriate and interested parties, including States, public health research and interest groups, foundations, and alcohol beverage industry trade associations and companies. (F) Annual report(i) In generalThe Secretary, on behalf of the Committee, shall annually submit to the Congress a report that summarizes—(I) all programs and policies of Federal agencies designed to prevent and reduce underage drinking, including such programs and policies that support State efforts to prevent or reduce underage drinking; (II) the extent of progress in preventing and reducing underage drinking at State and national levels; (III) data that the Secretary shall collect with respect to the information specified in clause (ii); and (IV) such other information regarding underage drinking as the Secretary determines to be appropriate. (ii) Certain informationThe report under clause (i) shall include information on the following:(I) Patterns and consequences of underage drinking as reported in research and surveys such as, but not limited to, Monitoring the Future, Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, and the Fatality Analysis Reporting System. (II) Measures of the availability of alcohol from commercial and non-commercial sources to underage populations. (III) Measures of the exposure of underage populations to messages regarding alcohol in advertising, social media, and the entertainment media. (IV) Surveillance data, including, to the extent such information is available, information on the onset and prevalence of underage drinking, consumption patterns and beverage preferences, trends related to drinking among different age groups, including between youth and adults, the means of underage access, including trends over time, for these surveillance data, and other data, as appropriate. The Secretary shall develop a plan to improve the collection, measurement, and consistency of reporting Federal underage alcohol data. (V) Any additional findings resulting from research conducted or supported under subsection (g). (VI) Evidence-based best practices to prevent and reduce underage drinking and provide treatment services to those youth who need such services. (2) Annual report on State underage drinking prevention and enforcement activities(A) In generalThe Secretary shall, with input and collaboration from other appropriate Federal agencies, States, Indian Tribes, territories, and public health, consumer, and alcohol beverage industry groups, annually issue a report on each State’s performance in enacting, enforcing, and creating laws, regulations, programs, and other actions to prevent or reduce underage drinking based on the best practices identified pursuant to paragraph (1)(F)(ii)(VI). For purposes of this paragraph, each such report, with respect to a year, shall be referred to as the “State Report”. Each State Report may be used as a resource to inform the identification and implementation of activities to prevent underage drinking, as determined to be appropriate by such State or other applicable entity. (B) Contents(i) Performance measuresThe Secretary shall develop, in consultation with the Committee, a set of measures to be used in preparing the State Report on best practices, including as they relate to State laws, regulations, other actions, and enforcement practices. (ii) State Report contentThe State Report shall include updates on State laws, regulations, and other actions, including those described in previous reports to Congress, including with respect to the following:(I) Whether or not the State has comprehensive anti-underage drinking laws such as for the illegal sale, purchase, attempt to purchase, consumption, or possession of alcohol; illegal use of fraudulent ID; illegal furnishing or obtaining of alcohol for an individual under 21 years; the degree of strictness of the penalties for such offenses; and the prevalence of the enforcement of each of these infractions. (II) Whether or not the State has comprehensive liability statutes pertaining to underage access to alcohol such as dram shop, social host, and house party laws, and the prevalence of enforcement of each of these laws. (III) Whether or not the State encourages and conducts comprehensive enforcement efforts to prevent underage access to alcohol at retail outlets, such as random compliance checks and shoulder tap programs, and the number of compliance checks within alcohol retail outlets measured against the number of total alcohol retail outlets in each State, and the result of such checks. (IV) Whether or not the State encourages training on the proper selling and serving of alcohol for all sellers and servers of alcohol as a condition of employment. (V) Whether or not the State has policies and regulations with regard to direct sales to consumers and home delivery of alcoholic beverages. (VI) Whether or not the State has programs or laws to deter adults from purchasing alcohol for minors; and the number of adults targeted by these programs. (VII) Whether or not the State has enacted graduated drivers licenses and the extent of those provisions. (VIII) Whether or not the State has adopted any other policies consistent with evidence-based practices related to the prevention of underage alcohol use, which may include any such practices described in relevant reports issued by the Surgeon General and practices related to youth exposure to alcohol-related products and information. (IX) A description of the degree to which the practices of local jurisdictions within the State vary from one another. (3) Authorization of appropriationsThere is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subsection $1,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027. (d) National media campaign to prevent underage drinking(1) In generalThe Secretary, in consultation with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, shall develop or continue an intensive, multifaceted national media campaign aimed at adults to reduce underage drinking. (2) PurposeThe purpose of the national media campaign described in this section shall be to achieve the following objectives:(A) Promote community awareness of, and a commitment to, reducing underage drinking. (B) Encourage activities, including activities carried out by adults, that inhibit the illegal use of alcohol by youth. (C) Discourage activities, including activities carried out by adults, that promote the illegal use of alcohol by youth. (3) ComponentsWhen implementing the national media campaign described in this section, the Secretary shall—(A) educate the public about the public health and safety benefits of evidence-based strategies to reduce underage drinking, including existing laws related to the minimum legal drinking age, and engage the public and parents in the implementation of such strategies; (B) educate the public about the negative consequences of underage drinking; (C) identify specific actions by adults to discourage or inhibit underage drinking; (D) discourage adult conduct that tends to facilitate underage drinking; (E) establish collaborative relationships with local and national organizations and institutions to further the goals of the campaign and assure that the messages of the campaign are disseminated from a variety of sources; (F) conduct the campaign through multi-media sources; and (G) take into consideration demographics and other relevant factors to most effectively reach target audiences. (4) Consultation requirementIn developing and implementing the national media campaign described in this section, the Secretary shall review recommendations for reducing underage drinking, including those published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and the Surgeon General. The Secretary shall also consult with interested parties including the alcohol beverage industry, medical, public health, and consumer and parent groups, law enforcement, institutions of higher education, community-based organizations and coalitions, and other relevant stakeholders. (5) Annual reportThe Secretary shall produce an annual report on the progress of the development or implementation of the media campaign described in this subsection, including expenses and projected costs, and, as such information is available, report on the effectiveness of such campaign in affecting adult attitudes toward underage drinking and adult willingness to take actions to decrease underage drinking. (6) Research on youth-oriented campaignThe Secretary may, based on the availability of funds, conduct or support research on the potential success of a youth-oriented national media campaign to reduce underage drinking. The Secretary shall report to Congress any such results and any related recommendations. (7) AdministrationThe Secretary may enter into an agreement with another Federal agency to delegate the authority for execution and administration of the adult-oriented national media campaign. (8) Authorization of appropriationsThere is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $2,500,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027. (e) Community-based coalition enhancement grants to prevent underage drinking(1) Authorization of programThe Assistant Secretary for Mental Health and Substance Use, in consultation with the Director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy, shall award enhancement grants to eligible entities to design, implement, evaluate, and disseminate comprehensive strategies to maximize the effectiveness of community-wide approaches to preventing and reducing underage drinking. This subsection is subject to the availability of appropriations. (2) PurposesThe purposes of this subsection are to—(A) prevent and reduce alcohol use among youth in communities throughout the United States; (B) strengthen collaboration among communities, the Federal Government, Tribal Governments, and State and local governments; (C) enhance intergovernmental cooperation and coordination on the issue of alcohol use among youth; (D) serve as a catalyst for increased citizen participation and greater collaboration among all sectors and organizations of a community that first demonstrates a long-term commitment to reducing alcohol use among youth; (E) implement evidence-based strategies to prevent and reduce underage drinking in communities; and (F) enhance, not supplant, effective local community initiatives for preventing and reducing alcohol use among youth. (3) ApplicationAn eligible entity desiring an enhancement grant under this subsection shall submit an application to the Assistant Secretary at such time, and in such manner, and accompanied by such information and assurances, as the Assistant Secretary may require. Each application shall include—(A) a complete description of the entity’s current underage alcohol use prevention initiatives and how the grant will appropriately enhance the focus on underage drinking issues; or (B) a complete description of the entity’s current initiatives, and how it will use the grant to enhance those initiatives by adding a focus on underage drinking prevention. (4) Uses of fundsEach eligible entity that receives a grant under this subsection shall use the grant funds to carry out the activities described in such entity’s application submitted pursuant to paragraph (3) and obtain specialized training and technical assistance by the entity funded under section 4 of Public Law 107–82, as amended (21 U.S.C. 1521 note). Grants under this subsection shall not exceed $60,000 per year and may not exceed four years. (5) Supplement not supplantGrant funds provided under this subsection shall be used to supplement, not supplant, Federal and non-Federal funds available for carrying out the activities described in this subsection. (6) EvaluationGrants under this subsection shall be subject to the same evaluation requirements and procedures as the evaluation requirements and procedures imposed on recipients of drug-free community grants. (7) DefinitionsFor purposes of this subsection, the term “eligible entity” means an organization that is currently receiving or has received grant funds under the Drug-Free Communities Act of 1997. (8) Administrative expensesNot more than 6 percent of a grant under this subsection may be expended for administrative expenses. (9) Authorization of appropriationsThere is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subsection $11,500,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027. (f) Grants to organizations representing pediatric providers and other related health professionals to reduce underage drinking through screening and brief interventions(1) In generalThe Secretary, acting through the Assistant Secretary for Mental Health and Substance Use, shall make awards to one or more entities representing pediatric providers and other related health professionals with demonstrated ability to increase among the members of such entities effective practices to reduce the prevalence of alcohol use among individuals under the age of 21, including college students. (2) PurposesGrants under this subsection shall be made to improve—(A) screening adolescents for alcohol use; (B) offering brief interventions to adolescents to discourage such use; (C) educating parents about the dangers of and methods of discouraging such use; (D) diagnosing and treating alcohol use disorders; and (E) referring patients, when necessary, to other appropriate care. (3) Use of fundsAn entity receiving a grant under this section may use the grant funding to promote the practices specified in paragraph (2) among its members by—(A) providing training to health care providers; (B) disseminating best practices, including culturally and linguistically appropriate best practices, and developing and distributing materials; and (C) supporting other activities as determined appropriate by the Assistant Secretary. (4) ApplicationTo be eligible to receive a grant under this subsection, an entity shall submit an application to the Assistant Secretary at such time, and in such manner, and accompanied by such information and assurances as the Secretary may require. Each application shall include—(A) a description of the entity; (B) a description of the activities to be completed that will promote the practices specified in paragraph (2); (C) a description of the entity’s qualifications for performing such activities; and (D) a timeline for the completion of such activities. (5) DefinitionsFor the purpose of this subsection:(A) Brief interventionThe term “brief intervention” means, after screening a patient, providing the patient with brief advice and other brief motivational enhancement techniques designed to increase the insight of the patient regarding the patient’s alcohol use, and any realized or potential consequences of such use to effect the desired related behavioral change. (B) ScreeningThe term “screening” means using validated patient interview techniques to identify and assess the existence and extent of alcohol use in a patient. (6) Authorization of appropriationsThere is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subsection $3,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027. (g) Data collection and research(1) Additional research on underage drinking(A) In generalThe Secretary shall, subject to the availability of appropriations, support the collection of data, and conduct or support research that is not duplicative of research currently being conducted or supported by the Department of Health and Human Services, on underage drinking, with respect to the following:(i) The evaluation, which may include through the development of relevant capabilities of expertise within a State, of the effectiveness of comprehensive community-based programs or strategies and statewide systems to prevent and reduce underage drinking, across the underage years from early childhood to age 21, such as programs funded and implemented by governmental entities, public health interest groups and foundations, and alcohol beverage companies and trade associations. (ii) Obtaining and reporting more precise information than is currently collected on the scope of the underage drinking problem and patterns of underage alcohol consumption, including improved knowledge about the problem and progress in preventing, reducing, and treating underage drinking, as well as information on the rate of exposure of youth to advertising and other media messages encouraging and discouraging alcohol consumption. (iii) The development and identification of evidence-based or evidence-informed strategies to reduce underage drinking, which may include through translational research. (iv) Improving and conducting public health data collection on alcohol use and alcohol-related conditions in States, which may include by increasing the use of surveys, such as the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, to monitor binge and excessive drinking and related harms among individuals who are at least 18 years of age, but not more than 20 years of age, including harm caused to self or others as a result of alcohol use that is not duplicative of research currently being conducted or supported by the Department of Health and Human Services. (B) Authorization of appropriationsThere is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this paragraph $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027. (2) National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine study(A) In generalNot later than 12 months after December 29, 2022, the Secretary shall—(i) contract with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to study developments in research on underage drinking and the implications of these developments; and (ii) report to the Congress on the results of such review. (B) Authorization of appropriationsThere is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this paragraph $500,000 for fiscal year 2023.

42 U.S.C. § 290bb–25d Centers of excellence on services for individuals with fetal alcohol syndrome and alcohol-related birth defects and treatment for individuals with such conditions and their families

(a) In generalThe Secretary shall make awards of grants, cooperative agreements, or contracts to public or nonprofit private entities for the purposes of establishing not more than four centers of excellence to study techniques for the prevention of fetal alcohol syndrome and alcohol-related birth defects and adaptations of innovative clinical interventions and service delivery improvements for the provision of comprehensive services to individuals with fetal alcohol syndrome or alcohol-related birth defects and their families and for providing training on such conditions. (b) Use of fundsAn award under subsection (a) may be used to—(1) study adaptations of innovative clinical interventions and service delivery improvements strategies for children and adults with fetal alcohol syndrome or alcohol-related birth defects and their families; (2) identify communities which have an exemplary comprehensive system of care for such individuals so that they can provide technical assistance to other communities attempting to set up such a system of care; (3) provide technical assistance to communities who do not have a comprehensive system of care for such individuals and their families; (4) train community leaders, mental health and substance abuse professionals, families, law enforcement personnel, judges, health professionals, persons working in financial assistance programs, social service personnel, child welfare professionals, and other service providers on the implications of fetal alcohol syndrome and alcohol-related birth defects, the early identification of and referral for such conditions; (5) develop innovative techniques for preventing alcohol use by women in child bearing years; (6) perform other functions, to the extent authorized by the Secretary after consideration of recommendations made by the National Task Force on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. (c) Report(1) In generalA recipient of an award under subsection (a) shall at the end of the period of funding report to the Secretary on any innovative techniques that have been discovered for preventing alcohol use among women of child bearing years. (2) Dissemination of findingsThe Secretary shall upon receiving a report under paragraph (1) disseminate the findings to appropriate public and private entities. (d) Duration of awardsWith respect to an award under subsection (a), the period during which payments under such award are made to the recipient may not exceed 5 years. (e) EvaluationThe Secretary shall evaluate each project carried out under subsection (a) and shall disseminate the findings with respect to each such evaluation to appropriate public and private entities. (f) Authorization of appropriationsFor the purpose of carrying out this section, there are authorized to be appropriated $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2001, and such sums as may be necessary for each of the fiscal years 2002 and 2003.

42 U.S.C. § 290bb–25f Prevention and education programs

(a) In generalThe Secretary of Health and Human Services (referred to in this Act as the “Secretary”) shall award grants to public and nonprofit private entities to enable such entities to carry out science-based education programs in elementary and secondary schools to highlight the harmful effects of anabolic steroids. (b) Eligibility(1) ApplicationTo be eligible for grants under subsection (a), an entity shall prepare and submit to the Secretary an application at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may require. (2) PreferenceIn awarding grants under subsection (a), the Secretary shall give preference to applicants that intend to use grant funds to carry out programs based on—(A) the Athletes Training and Learning to Avoid Steroids program; (B) The Athletes Targeting Healthy Exercise and Nutrition Alternatives program; and (C) other programs determined to be effective by the National Institute on Drug Abuse. (c) Use of fundsAmounts received under a grant under subsection (a) shall be used for education programs that will directly communicate with teachers, principals, coaches, as well as elementary and secondary school children concerning the harmful effects of anabolic steroids. (d) Authorization of appropriationsThere is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section, $15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2005 through 2010.

42 U.S.C. § 290bb–25g Awareness campaigns

(a) In generalThe Secretary of Health and Human Services, acting through the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and in coordination with the heads of other departments and agencies, shall advance education and awareness regarding the risks related to misuse and abuse of opioids, as appropriate, which may include developing or improving existing programs, conducting activities, and awarding grants that advance the education and awareness of—(1) the public, including patients and consumers—(A) generally; and (B) regarding such risks related to unused opioids and the dispensing options under section 829(f) of title 21, as applicable; and (2) providers, which may include—(A) providing for continuing education on appropriate prescribing practices; (B) education related to applicable State or local prescriber limit laws, information on the use of non-addictive alternatives for pain management, and the use of overdose reversal drugs, as appropriate; (C) disseminating and improving the use of evidence-based opioid prescribing guidelines across relevant health care settings, as appropriate, and updating guidelines as necessary; (D) implementing strategies, such as best practices, to encourage and facilitate the use of prescriber guidelines, in accordance with State and local law; (E) disseminating information to providers about prescribing options for controlled substances, including such options under section 829(f) of title 21, as applicable; and (F) disseminating information, as appropriate, on the National Pain Strategy developed by or in consultation with the Assistant Secretary for Health; and (3) other appropriate entities. (b) TopicsThe education and awareness campaigns under subsection (a) shall address—(1) the dangers of opioid misuse and abuse; (2) the prevention of opioid misuse and abuse, including through non-addictive treatment options, safe disposal options for prescription medications, and other applicable safety precautions; and (3) the detection of early warning signs of addiction. (c) Other requirementsThe education and awareness campaigns under subsection (a) shall, as appropriate—(1) take into account any association between prescription opioid abuse and heroin use; (2) emphasize—(A) the similarities between heroin and prescription opioids; and (B) the effects of heroin and prescription opioids on the human body; and (3) bring greater public awareness to the dangerous effects of fentanyl when mixed with heroin or abused in a similar manner.