Rio Grande Water Conservation District

C.R.S. tit. 37, art. 48

in effect

C.R.S. § 37-48-101 Legislative declaration

37-48-101. Legislative declaration. In the opinion of the general assembly of the state of Colorado, the conservation of the water of the Rio Grande and its tributaries for beneficial use and the construction of reservoirs, ditches, and works for such purposes are of vital importance to the growth and development of the entire area and the welfare of all its inhabitants and that, to promote the health and general welfare of the state of Colorado, an appropriate agency for the conservation, use, and development of the water resources of the Rio Grande and its tributaries should be established and given such powers as may be necessary to safeguard for Colorado all waters to which the state of Colorado is equitably entitled.

C.R.S. § 37-48-101.3 Definitions

37-48-101.3. Definitions. As used in this article 48, unless the context otherwise requires: (1) "District" means the "Rio Grande Water Conservation District". The district is a body corporate and politic and a political subdivision of the state of Colorado. (2) "Subdistrict" or "subdivision" embraces and includes the kind or character of special improvement districts created under the provisions of this article, including subdistricts organized under the name and style of "Water Users' Association No. .... of the Rio Grande Water Conservation District" and "Special Improvement District No. .... of the Rio Grande Water Conservation District". A subdistrict or subdivision is a body corporate and politic and a political subdivision of the state of Colorado.

C.R.S. § 37-48-102 Creation and name of district

37-48-102. Creation and name of district. There is hereby created a water conservation district to be known and designated as "Rio Grande Water Conservation District" when the governor declares, pursuant to section 37-48-121, that such district is formed. Such district is hereby declared to be a body corporate under the laws of Colorado. Said district shall comprise the counties of Alamosa, Conejos, Rio Grande and those portions of Saguache and Mineral counties which are within the drainage basin of the Rio Grande river and its tributaries, including the closed basin thereof.

C.R.S. § 37-48-103 Board of directors

37-48-103. Board of directors. (1) The district shall be managed and controlled by a board of nine directors. The members of said board shall hold their offices for terms of three years and until their successors are appointed and qualified. Two members of such board shall be appointed from each of the counties of Conejos, Alamosa, Rio Grande, and Saguache, and one such member shall be appointed from Mineral county. At the time of his appointment each director shall be a resident and freeholder of the county from which he is appointed or, if only a part of the county is included within the boundaries of said district, a resident and freeholder of such included part. Each director shall be appointed by the board of county commissioners of the county in which such director resides. He may be a member of the board of county commissioners of such county. The members of said board shall annually select one of their number to act as president and one of their number to act as vice-president, each to hold office for one year or until his successor is duly selected. (2) The office of a director shall become vacant when any director ceases to reside in the county from which the director was appointed or when declared vacant by a majority vote of all of the members of the board when any director has failed to attend two consecutive regular meetings without having been excused from attendance by the president. In the event a vacancy occurs in said office by reason of death, resignation, removal, or otherwise, it shall be filled for the remainder of the unexpired term by the board of county commissioners of the county from which said director originally came. Each director shall take an oath or affirmation in accordance with section 24-12-101. (3) Upon expiration of the terms of the present directors of the district in September, 1970, their successors shall be appointed by the respective boards of county commissioners as provided in this section for the following terms of office: One director from each of the counties of Alamosa, Rio Grande, and Saguache, whose terms of office shall expire on the date of the regular quarterly meeting of said board to be held in April, 1971, or as soon thereafter as their respective successors are appointed and qualified; one director from each of the counties of Conejos, Mineral, and Rio Grande, whose terms of office shall expire on the date of the regular quarterly meeting to be held in April, 1972, or as soon thereafter as their respective successors are appointed and qualified; and one director from each of the counties of Alamosa, Saguache, and Conejos, whose terms of office shall expire on the date of the regular quarterly meeting to be held in April, 1973, or as soon thereafter as their respective successors are appointed and qualified. Thereafter, each director shall be appointed for a term of three years, and his term shall expire on the date of the regular quarterly meeting to be held in April of the year that commences during the third year of his term, or as soon thereafter as his successor is duly appointed and qualified. For the purpose of determining such expiration date, the term of such director shall be taken as having commenced on the date of the first regular April quarterly meeting at which the term of his predecessor would have expired had he then been duly appointed and qualified.

C.R.S. § 37-48-104 Employees

37-48-104. Employees. The board of directors of said district shall appoint a secretary and a treasurer. The same individual at the election of the board may hold both offices. The board shall likewise hire such other employees, including engineers and attorneys, as may be required to properly transact the business of the district, and said board is authorized to provide for the compensation of the secretary and treasurer and other appointees. The treasurer shall be required by the board to give bond with corporate surety in such amount as the board may fix and which it deems sufficient to protect the funds in the hands of the treasurer or under his control. Such bond is subject to the approval of the board.

C.R.S. § 37-48-105 Powers of district

37-48-105. Powers of district. (1) The district, in its corporate capacity, shall have power to: (a) Sue and be sued in the name of the Rio Grande water conservation district and otherwise to participate in litigation; (b) Acquire, operate, and hold in the name of the district such real and personal property as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this article and to sell and convey such property or its products as provided in this article or when said property is no longer needed for the purposes of said district; (c) Borrow money and incur indebtedness and to issue bonds or other evidence of such indebtedness; except that the district may not incur any indebtedness in an aggregate amount exceeding the product of the valuation for assessment of the district multiplied by two mills; (d) Make surveys and conduct investigations to determine the best manner of utilizing streamflows within the district and the amount of such streamflow or other water supply, and to locate ditches, irrigation works, and reservoirs to store or utilize water for irrigation, mining, manufacturing, or other purposes, and to make filings upon said water and initiate appropriations for the use and benefit of the ultimate appropriators, and to do and perform all acts and things necessary or advisable to secure and insure an adequate supply of water, present and future, for irrigation, mining, manufacturing, and domestic purposes within said district; (e) Make contracts with respect to the relative rights of said district under its claims and filings and the rights of any other person, association, or organization seeking to divert water from any of the streams within said district; (f) Contract with any agencies, officers, bureaus, and departments of the state of Colorado and the United States, including the department of corrections, to obtain services or labor for the initiation or construction of irrigation works, canals, reservoirs, power plants, or retaining ponds within said district; (g) Enter upon any privately-owned land or other real property for the purpose of making surveys or obtaining other information, without obtaining any order so to do, if the same can be done without damage to the lands, crops, or improvements thereon; (h) Contract with the United States government, the bureau of reclamation, or other agencies of the United States government for the construction of any works; (i) Have and exercise the power of eminent domain to acquire ditches, reservoirs, or other works or lands or rights-of-way therefor which the district or a subdistrict thereof may need to carry out the plans of said district or subdistrict and in general to exercise any and all rights and powers of eminent domain conferred upon other agencies, as provided in articles 1 to 7 of title 38, C.R.S.; (j) File upon and hold for the use of the public sufficient water of any natural stream to maintain a constant streamflow in the amount necessary to preserve fish, and to use such water in connection with retaining ponds for the propagation of fish for the benefit of the public; (k) Exercise such implied powers and perform such other acts as may be necessary to carry out and effect any of the express powers hereby conferred upon such district; (l) Participate in the formulation and implementation of nonpoint source water pollution control programs related to agricultural practices in order to implement programs required or authorized under federal law and section 25-8-205 (5), C.R.S., enter into contracts and agreements, accept funds from any federal, state, or private sources, receive grants or loans, participate in education and demonstration programs, construct, operate, maintain, or replace facilities, and perform such other activities and adopt such rules and policies as the board deems necessary or desirable in connection with nonpoint source water pollution control programs related to agricultural practices; ccept funds from any federal, state, or private sources, receive grants or loans, participate in education and demonstration programs, construct, operate, maintain, or replace facilities, and perform such other activities and adopt such rules and policies as the board deems necessary or desirable in connection with nonpoint source water pollution control programs related to agricultural practices; (m) Make loans or grants to any public entity, nonprofit corporation, not-for-profit corporation, carrier ditch company, mutual ditch or reservoir company, unincorporated ditch or reservoir company, or cooperative association within the boundaries of the district to carry out the purposes of the district; (n) In connection with a plan of water management, assess annual service charges and user fees on the diversion or use of water within the district or a subdistrict. This paragraph (n) shall not allow service charges or user fees to be imposed on surface water diversions in a plan of water management to replace depletions from groundwater withdrawals or to reduce groundwater diversions. (o) Establish a nonprofit or charitable land trust; (p) Purchase, rent, lease, and accept donations of, or cooperate in the creation of, conservation easements; and (q) Cooperate in the creation of conservation reserve programs and other similar programs. (2) The district, in its own name, may issue revenue bonds to finance, in whole or in part, the construction of works, reservoirs, or other improvements for the beneficial use of water for the purposes for which it has been or may be appropriated, and to finance plans of water management, whether or not the interest on such bonds may be subject to taxation. Such revenue bonds shall be issued in such denominations and with such maximum net effective interest rate as may be fixed by the board of directors of the district and shall bear interest such that the net effective interest rate of the bonds does not exceed the maximum net effective interest rate authorized. The board shall pledge only rental proceeds, service charges, other income, or any combination thereof, from such works, plans of water management, or other improvements, and the district shall not be otherwise obligated for the payment thereof. At the time such revenue bonds are issued, the board of directors of the district shall make and enter in the minutes of the proceeding a resolution that sets out the due dates of such revenue bonds, the rates of interest thereon, the general provisions of the bonds, and a recital that the same are payable only out of rental proceeds, service charges, other income, or any combination thereof. In addition, the board of directors shall require the payment of rental charges, service charges, or other charges by the political subdivisions or persons who are to use or derive benefits from the water or other services furnished by such works, plans of water management, or improvements. Such charges shall be sufficient to pay operation and maintenance expenses thereof, to meet said bond payments, and to accumulate and maintain reserve and replacement accounts pertaining thereto as set forth in such resolution. Such resolution shall be irrepealable during the time that any of the revenue bonds are outstanding and unpaid. The revenue bonds shall be signed "Rio Grande Water Conservation District, By ..........., President. Attest .................., Secretary", and they shall be countersigned by the treasurer.

C.R.S. § 37-48-106 Principal office - meetings

37-48-106. Principal office - meetings. The board of directors of the district shall designate a place within the district where the principal office is to be maintained and may change such place from time to time. Regular quarterly meetings of said board shall be held within the district during the months of January, April, July, and October, the date and place of which shall be fixed by the board at its next preceding quarterly meeting and which shall be advertised by notice published once in a newspaper or newspapers which collectively provide general circulation throughout the district at least ten days before such meeting. The board is also empowered to hold such special meetings as may be required for the proper transaction of business. All special meetings of the board shall be held at locations which are within the boundaries of the district or which are within the boundaries of any county in which the district is located, in whole or in part, or in any county so long as the meeting location does not exceed twenty miles from the district boundaries. The provisions of this section governing the location of meetings may be waived only if the proposed change of location of a meeting of the board appears on the agenda of a regular or special meeting of the board and if a resolution is adopted by the board stating the reason for which a meeting of the board is to be held in a location other than under the provisions of this section and further stating the date, time, and place of such meeting. Special meetings may be called by the president of the board or by any three directors. Meetings of the board shall be public, and proper minutes of the proceedings of said board shall be preserved and shall be open to the inspection of any elector of the district during business hours.

C.R.S. § 37-48-107 Assessment and levy by board

37-48-107. Assessment and levy by board. (1) The board of directors has the power to fix the amount of an assessment upon the property within the district not to exceed two and one-half mills for every dollar of valuation for assessment therein, as a level or general levy to be used for the purpose of paying the expenses of organization, for surveys and plans, to pay the salary of officers, and the per diem allowed to directors and their expenses, for expenses which may be incurred in the administration of the affairs of the district, and for all other lawful purposes of the district including capital construction. (2) The amount of assessment on each dollar of valuation for assessment shall, in accordance with the schedule prescribed by section 39-5-128, C.R.S., be certified to boards of county commissioners of the various counties in which the district is located and by them included in their next annual levy for state and county purposes. Such amount so certified shall be collected for the use of such district in the same manner as are taxes for county purposes, and the revenue laws of the state for the levy and collection of taxes on real estate for county purposes, except as modified in this article, shall be applicable to the levy and collection of the amount certified by the board of directors of said district as aforesaid, including the enforcement of penalties, forfeiture, and sale for delinquent taxes. (3) All collections made by the county treasurer pursuant to such levy shall be paid to the treasurer of the conservancy district on or before the tenth day of the next succeeding calendar month. If any items of expense have already been paid in whole or in part from any other sources by said district, they may be repaid from receipts of such levy. Such levy may be made, although the work proposed, or any part thereof, may have been found impracticable, or for other reasons abandoned. The collection of data and the payment of expenses therefor, including salaries of engineers, attorneys, and others, to conserve the water of said district and to enable said district to adopt plans for the orderly development of said district are hereby declared to be a matter of general benefit to the public welfare, and such that a tax for said purposes may be properly imposed, in the opinion of the general assembly. (4) If any provision of this section is held unconstitutional or invalid by any court of competent jurisdiction, such decision shall not affect the validity or force of any other part of this section, or any other part of this article, and the general assembly hereby declares it would have enacted the remainder of this article without this section.

C.R.S. § 37-48-108 Creation of subdistricts

37-48-108. Creation of subdistricts. (1) Notwithstanding the organization of the district provided for in this article, irrigation and internal improvement districts organized under articles 41, 42, 44, and 45 of this title and any other form of organization designed or intended to acquire, construct, or maintain reservoirs, ditches, and similar works for irrigation or other beneficial purposes under any law of the state of Colorado or of the United States may be organized to cover and include areas within the Rio Grande water conservation district and may likewise embrace territory within that district and partly out of the district. Whenever, in its opinion, such form of organization will help promote the local interests or accomplish improvements for any part of said district, the board of directors may recommend the organization of any such type of organization. The creation of the Rio Grande water conservation district shall not affect the existence of public irrigation districts heretofore created under article 4 of chapter 149, CRS 53, or water conservancy districts heretofore created pursuant to article 45 of this title. (2) In addition to such forms of organization, whenever in the opinion of the board of directors of said district it is feasible and necessary that water rights, ditches, canals, reservoirs, wells, or other works which benefit only a part of the district should be acquired or constructed or that a plan of augmentation or plan of water management, or any combination of the foregoing, involving only a part of the district should be developed and put into effect, a local improvement district or subdivision or as many of such local improvement districts as may be necessary may be created. Such local improvement district, when organized under the provisions of this article, shall be designated as "Water Users' Association No. .... in the Rio Grande Water Conservation District" or as "Special Improvement District No. .... in the Rio Grande Water Conservation District". Each subdistrict shall be numbered consecutively as created or organized. (3) Subdistricts shall be created and managed as provided in sections 37-48-123 to 37-48-193. Except as otherwise provided in said sections, the board of directors and the engineers, attorneys, secretary, and other officers, agents, and employees of the district, so far as it may be necessary, may serve in the same capacity for such subdivision or subdistricts. A contract and agreement between the main district and a subdistrict, between subdistricts, between a subdistrict and a municipal water supplier, and between a subdistrict and an agency of the state of Colorado or the United States, may be made in the same manner as contracts and agreements between two districts. (4) As used in this article, a "plan of water management" means a cooperative plan for the utilization of water and water diversion, storage, and use facilities in any lawful manner, so as to assure the protection of existing water rights and promote the optimum and sustainable beneficial use of the water resources available for use within the district or a subdistrict, and may include development and implementation of plans of augmentation and exchanges of water and groundwater management plans under section 37-92-501 (4)(c).

C.R.S. § 37-48-109 Compensation of directors

37-48-109. Compensation of directors. The directors of the district shall receive as compensation a sum not to exceed one hundred dollars per day while actually engaged in the business of said district and, in addition, shall be entitled to their actual traveling and transportation expenses when away from their respective places of residence on district business.

C.R.S. § 37-48-110 Limitations on power to levy and contract

37-48-110. Limitations on power to levy and contract. (1) The district has no power of taxation or right to levy or assess taxes, except an annual levy not to exceed two and one-half mills on each dollar of the valuation for assessment of property in said district. The district has no power to contract or incur any obligation or indebtedness except as expressly provided in this article, and then any obligation or indebtedness so contracted or incurred is payable out of the funds derived through said limited tax and not otherwise, but said district, for and in behalf of any subdistrict or improvement district created under this article, shall have the right and authority to approve and incur subdistrict obligations and to issue warrants, notes, bonds, or other evidences of said obligations, as expressly authorized in this article and not otherwise, and such subdistrict obligations shall never be obligations or indebtednesses of the district and shall be payable only as provided in this article. (2) Before July 1, 2024, all assessments under this article 48 shall be collected by the county treasurers of the respective counties in which said real estate is situated at the same time and in the same manner as is provided by law for the collection of taxes for county and state purposes, and, if said assessments are not paid, the real estate shall be sold at regular tax sales for the payment of said assessments, interest, and penalties in the manner provided by the statutes of the state of Colorado for selling property for the payment of general taxes. If there are no bids at said tax sales for the property so offered, said property shall be struck off to the district, and the tax certificates shall be issued in the name of the district; and the board of directors has the same power with reference to the sale of said tax certificates as is now vested in county commissioners and county treasurers when property is struck off to the counties. (3) Before July 1, 2024, tax deeds may be issued, based upon said certificates of sale, in the same manner that deeds are executed on tax sales on general state and county taxes. (4) Notwithstanding any law to the contrary, on or after July 1, 2024, the district, a subdistrict, or a county treasurer shall follow the procedures established in article 11.5 of title 39 and shall not follow the procedures established in this section or article 11 of title 39 concerning the sale or striking off of property to the district or the issuance of a certificate of sale or tax deed. Notwithstanding any law to the contrary, on or after July 1, 2024, a lot or parcel of land shall not be struck off to the district and a tax certificate or tax deed shall not be issued pursuant to this section or article 11 of title 39 to the extent such actions would be inconsistent with the requirements of article 11.5 of title 39.

C.R.S. § 37-48-111 Investment of surplus funds

37-48-111. Investment of surplus funds. The board of directors of said district may invest any surplus funds of the district, including any amounts in the construction fund not needed for immediate use to pay the cost of construction of any project in any one of the subdistricts or to pay bonds or coupons or to meet current expenses, in securities meeting the investment requirements established in part 6 of article 75 of title 24, C.R.S. The board of directors of said district may require any funds of the district, or of any subdistrict, to be deposited with such depository or bank as may be designated by the board and likewise has authority to require the treasurer of the district to take from such depository a bond with corporate surety to insure payment of any such deposit, or to require such depository to insure payment of any such deposit, or to require such depository to pledge securities of the same kind as those in which the district is authorized to invest its funds to insure payment of any such deposit.

C.R.S. § 37-48-112 Rules

37-48-112. Rules. (1) The district has the power to make general rules for the conduct of its business, as well as the conduct of the business of any subdistrict therein, and by such rules may provide for the rental of water or other services that are to be furnished by said subdistrict to any municipality, public irrigation district, irrigation district, other quasi-municipal corporation in this state, or any agency of the state of Colorado or the United States, and to make contracts for the payment of the rental to be charged for any such water or services. (2) Where a board of managers is established to carry out the general supervision and operational management of a plan of water management of a subdistrict, such board of managers shall, before undertaking any water management function, formulate and propose to the board of directors of the district rules and regulations which shall define the scope of the responsibility of the board of managers and the functional relationship between such board and the board of directors of the district in terms consistent with the requirements of this article. If such responsibility and relationship are described in the petition for the creation of the subdistrict, the rules and regulations must incorporate and be consistent therewith. Such rules and regulations shall also include operational rules and regulations for the plan of water management and any other operational function undertaken by the board of managers. Such rules and regulations, and any amendments thereto, may be adopted by the board of managers only after having been approved by the board of directors of the district.

C.R.S. § 37-48-113 Court confirmation

37-48-113. Court confirmation. (1) (a) In its discretion, the board of directors, on the behalf and in the name of the district or any subdistrict that is a party in interest, may file a petition at any time in the district court in and for the county in which the district's principal office is maintained or, if both the district and one or more subdistricts are parties to the petition, in the district court in and for the county in which any such subdistrict was organized praying for a judicial examination and confirmation of any power conferred or of any taxes, rates, including service charges and user fees, or other charges levied or proposed, or of any act, proceeding, or contract of the district, the subdistrict, or the subdistricts, or any combination thereof, as the case may be, whether or not said contract has been executed, including, without limitation, proposed contracts for the acquisition, improvement, equipment, maintenance, operation, or disposal of any properties or facilities for the benefit of the district, the subdistrict, or the subdistricts, as the case may be, and so including a proposed issue of revenue warrants, revenue bonds, special improvement bonds, or general obligation bonds, issued or to be issued on behalf of any such entity. Such petition shall set forth the facts whereon the validity of such power, tax, assessment, service charge, user fee, act, proceeding, or contract is founded and shall be verified by the president of the board of directors or the board of managers. (b) Such action shall be in the nature of a proceeding in rem, and jurisdiction of all parties interested may be had by publication, mail, and posting, as provided in this article. Notice of the filing of the petition shall be given by the clerk of the court, under the seal thereof, stating in brief outline the contents of the petition and also stating where a full copy of any contract therein mentioned may be examined. The notice shall be served by publication at least once a week for five consecutive weeks in a daily or a weekly newspaper of general circulation published in the county in which the principal office of the district is located and, if said action is filed for a subdistrict organized in another county, in such county, by mailing copies of the notice by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, to the boards of county commissioners of the several counties in which the parties in interest in such action are located wholly or in part, and by posting the same in the office of the district at least thirty days prior to the date fixed in said notice for the hearing on said petition. Jurisdiction shall be complete after such publication, mailing, and posting. (c) Any owner of property in the district or any subdistrict filing the petition or any person interested in the contract or proposed contract or in the premises may appear and move to dismiss or answer the petition at any time prior to the date fixed for the hearing or within such further time as may be allowed by the court; and the petition shall be taken as confessed by all persons who fail to appear. owner of property in the district or any subdistrict filing the petition or any person interested in the contract or proposed contract or in the premises may appear and move to dismiss or answer the petition at any time prior to the date fixed for the hearing or within such further time as may be allowed by the court; and the petition shall be taken as confessed by all persons who fail to appear. (2) The petition and notice shall be sufficient to give the court jurisdiction; and, upon hearing, the court shall examine into and determine all matters and things affecting the question submitted and shall make such findings with reference thereto and render such judgment and decree thereon as the case warrants. Costs may be divided or apportioned among any contesting parties in the discretion of the trial court. Review of the judgment of the court may be had as in other similar cases; except that such review must be applied for within thirty days after the time of the rendition of such judgment, or within such additional time as may be allowed by the court within thirty days. The Colorado rules of civil procedure shall govern in matters of pleadings and practice where not otherwise specified in this article. The court shall disregard any error, irregularity, or omission which does not affect the substantial rights of the parties.

C.R.S. § 37-48-114 Petition

37-48-114. Petition. Before the Rio Grande water conservation district is established under this article, a petition shall be filed in the office of the clerk of the district court of the twelfth judicial district in and for Alamosa county, signed by not fewer than four hundred landowners, each of which owns eighty or more acres of land situated within the limits proposed to be organized into said district. The petition shall set forth the name of the proposed district and a general description of the boundaries of the proposed district and shall pray for an election on the question of organization of the proposed district. No petition with the requisite signatures shall be declared void on account of alleged defects, but the court may permit the petition to be amended at any time to conform to the facts by correcting any error. Similar petitions, except for signatures, may be filed and together shall be regarded as one petition. All such petitions filed prior to the hearing on the first petition filed shall be considered by the court the same as though filed with the first petition placed on file. In determining whether the requisite number of landowners have signed the petition, the court shall be governed by the names as they appear upon the tax roll. Duplicate copies of the petition covering the lands in each county shall be prepared and sent to the treasurer of each such county. Each treasurer shall examine the copy of such petition sent to him and shall file a certificate with said district court in and for Alamosa county stating as to each signatory whether such person owns eighty acres of land or more. Such certificate shall be prima facie evidence as to such ownership. For the purposes of this article, any person owning land in joint tenancy or as a tenant in common shall be deemed an owner of all land so held.

C.R.S. § 37-48-115 Notice and hearing on petition

37-48-115. Notice and hearing on petition. (1) Immediately after the filing of such petition, the court shall fix a time not less than forty-five days nor more than ninety days after the petition is filed for hearing thereon, and the clerk of said court shall cause notice by publication to be made of the pendency of the petition and of the time and place of hearing thereon. Such notice shall be published in a newspaper of general circulation published within the boundaries of the proposed district, such notice to be published once each week for four successive weeks. The clerk shall also notify the county commissioners of each of said counties of the pendency of the petition and the time and place of hearing thereon. No judge of the district court of the twelfth judicial district in and for the county of Alamosa shall be disqualified to perform duties imposed by this article by reason of ownership of property within the proposed district. (2) Upon the day set for the hearing upon the original petition, if it appears to the court from the certificates of the county treasurers, and from such other evidence as may be adduced by any party in interest, that the petition is signed by the requisite number of owners of land, the court shall thereupon set a day certain for the holding of a meeting by the boards of county commissioners of the counties, part or all of which lands lie within the boundaries of the proposed Rio Grande water conservation district, and shall set the time and place of meeting.

C.R.S. § 37-48-116 Election resolution

37-48-116. Election resolution. On such day certain or as soon thereafter as is reasonably possible, the board of county commissioners of the counties, part or all of whose lands lie within the boundaries of the proposed Rio Grande water conservation district, shall meet at the time and place specified by such court, or at such other place as the county commissioners of said counties shall designate. The county commissioners of said counties shall call an election by resolution adopted at least thirty days prior to such election. Such resolution shall recite that the object and purpose of the election is to determine whether or not the Rio Grande water conservation district is to be formed. The county commissioners shall provide in the election resolution, or by supplemental resolution, for the appointment of sufficient judges and clerks of the election who shall be taxpaying electors residing within the proposed district and shall set their compensation. The election resolution shall also designate the precincts and polling places. The description of precincts may be made by reference to any order of the governing body of any county, municipality, or other public body in which the proposed district or any part thereof is situated, or by reference to any previous order or by other instrument of such governing body, or by detailed description of such precincts or by other sufficient description. Precincts established by any such governing body may be consolidated in the election resolution by the county commissioners for the election.

C.R.S. § 37-48-117 Conduct of election

37-48-117. Conduct of election. (1) Except as provided in this article, an election held pursuant to this article shall be opened and conducted in the manner provided by the laws of the state of Colorado for the conduct of general elections except that only taxpaying electors may vote in such election. Registration pursuant to the general election laws or any other statute is not required. (2) Any taxpaying elector may vote in any election by absent voter's ballot under the terms and conditions and in substantially the same manner, insofar as is practicable, as prescribed in the "Uniform Election Code of 1992" for general elections.

C.R.S. § 37-48-118 Notice of election

37-48-118. Notice of election. Notice of such election shall be given by publication. No other notice of election need be given.

C.R.S. § 37-48-119 Polling places

37-48-119. Polling places. All polling places designated by the election resolution shall be within the area included within the proposed district.

C.R.S. § 37-48-120 Election supplies

37-48-120. Election supplies. The county commissioners of each county shall have provided at each polling place ballots or ballot labels, or both, ballot boxes or voting machines, or both, instructions, elector's affidavits, and other material and supplies required for a general election by law. The county commissioners, acting as a group, may procure all of the necessary supplies and may agree among themselves as to a division of the costs therefor. Election officials may require the execution of an affidavit by any person desiring to vote at any election of the district showing evidence of his qualifications as a taxpaying elector, which affidavit shall be prima facie evidence of the facts therein stated.

C.R.S. § 37-48-121 Election returns

37-48-121. Election returns. The election officials shall make their returns directly to the county commissioners of said counties in care of the board of county commissioners of Alamosa county, Alamosa, Colorado. The county commissioners of said counties shall act as the canvassing body. The returns of said election shall be made and canvassed at any time and in the manner provided by law for the canvass of the returns of any general election. It is the duty of such canvassing body to certify promptly and to transmit to the governor of the state of Colorado a statement of the results of the vote upon the proposition submitted. If a majority of the voters voting in said election vote in favor of the formation of the Rio Grande water conservation district, the governor shall declare the same to be formed. If a majority of the voters voting in said election do not vote in favor of formation of said district, the governor shall declare that the district is not formed. If the governor declares said district to be formed, it shall be formed as of the time and date specified in his declaration of formation.

C.R.S. § 37-48-122 Expenses of election - appropriation

37-48-122. Expenses of election - appropriation. The expenses of the election shall be paid by the Colorado water conservation board to the extent of fifteen thousand dollars, and there is hereby appropriated to said board the sum of fifteen thousand dollars to be used for this purpose and no other. Each county is entitled to a fraction of said sum, the numerator of which is the election expense incurred by each such county and the denominator of which is the total election expense of all such counties.

C.R.S. § 37-48-123 Procedure for establishment of subdistricts

37-48-123. Procedure for establishment of subdistricts. (1) Before any subdistrict is established under this article, a petition shall be filed in the office of the clerk of the district court of the county in which the territory to be embraced in said subdistrict or the greater part thereof is situate, signed by the board of directors of the district or by a majority of the owners representing a majority of the land situate within the limits of the territory proposed to be organized into a subdistrict. (2) (a) The petition shall set forth the matters specified in this subsection (2). (b) The proposed name of said subdistrict shall be set forth, whether it is designated "Water Users' Association No. ..... in the Rio Grande Water Conservation District" or "Special Improvement District No. ..... in the Rio Grande Water Conservation District". (c) The petition shall recite that property within the proposed subdistrict will be benefited by the proposed reservoirs, ditches, canals, works, improvements, or plan of augmentation or plan of water management or combination thereof and shall set forth in a general way the nature and estimated cost thereof, together with a general statement of the nature of the anticipated benefits to be derived therefrom. (d) A full description of the territory to be included in the proposed subdistrict shall be included in the petition. Said description need not be given by metes and bounds or by legal subdivision, but it shall be sufficient to enable a property owner to ascertain whether his property is within the territory proposed to be organized in a subdistrict. Such territory need not be contiguous if it is so situated that the organization as a single subdistrict of the territory described is such as to promote or tend to promote one or more of the objectives of this article as to all parts of the area proposed to be included. (e) (I) The petition shall include a general description of the methods proposed to finance the proposed works and plans, including the acquisition, construction, maintenance, and operation thereof, with sufficient detail to enable a property owner within the proposed subdistrict to know whether the proposed methods of financing would result in the imposition of a lien or charge upon the taxable or assessable property within the subdistrict and the amount thereof and to know further that such proposed methods of financing would be authorized without further election by the signing of the petition by the requisite number of petitioners to authorize the creation of the subdistrict. Such methods of financing the acquisition, construction, and improvement of needed property, including planning and development, may include any one or more, or any combination, of the following: (A) Revenue warrants pledging the income or other revenues from the proposed works, improvements, or plans; (B) Special improvement bonds to be paid by special assessments on the property benefited and in an amount on each tract of land not in excess of the appraised benefits; (C) Contracts of water users, mutual ditch or reservoir companies, or water users' associations creating liens upon lands within the subdistrict; (D) The imposition of reasonable service charges or user fees by the district for the conferring by the subdistrict of any benefits upon or providing any service to any person or property; (E) Contracts for the purchase of existing water rights or other property providing for payment of the purchase price on a deferred basis by installments or otherwise and which may provide further for pledging general or specific revenues of the subdistrict to the payment thereof or which may create a lien to secure the payment thereof against the real property embraced in the subdistrict in the same manner as general obligation bonds; ing water rights or other property providing for payment of the purchase price on a deferred basis by installments or otherwise and which may provide further for pledging general or specific revenues of the subdistrict to the payment thereof or which may create a lien to secure the payment thereof against the real property embraced in the subdistrict in the same manner as general obligation bonds; (F) Acquisition of the use of water rights or other property by long- or short-term leases with or without a pledge of general or specific revenues of the subdistrict; (G) General obligation bonds constituting a lien against the real property embraced in the subdistrict; (H) The imposition of an ad valorem mill levy upon all taxable property within the subdistrict sufficient in amount to raise the funds necessary to pay any amount due on any contract, lease, or general obligation bond installment, including interest and other debt service requirement, which is entered into or issued pursuant to sub-subparagraph (E), (F), or (G) of this subparagraph (I) and the provisions of the petition and order creating the subdistrict, as general obligations of the subdistrict. (II) None of the methods of financing or borrowing referred to in subparagraph (I) of this paragraph (e), including exercise of the authority to issue general obligation bonds, shall ever constitute or result in the creation of an indebtedness or obligation of the district or a lien or charge upon any property of the district. If general obligations are proposed, the petition shall allege and show that the benefit to the lands in the subdistrict will be not less than the total amount of general obligation bonds to be issued exclusive of interest. (f) If such a petition is filed by the board of directors of the district, it shall contain a statement to the effect that a majority of the landowners owning a majority of the land of the territory in the proposed subdistrict petitioned the board of directors to organize said subdistrict, and a copy of the petition of said landowners shall be attached as an exhibit to the petition for organization of the subdistrict. (g) If it is anticipated that a plan of water management, plan of augmentation, or both will be adopted for the subdistrict, the petition shall describe such plan or plans in general terms and may also request establishment of a board of managers of the subdistrict, to be made up of landowners within the subdistrict, which shall have the authority and responsibility of devising and carrying out such plan or plans. Where a board of managers is requested, the petition shall set forth in detail the qualifications, manner of selection, and terms of office of board members and may also define, in terms consistent with the requirements of this article, the scope of the responsibility of the board of managers and the functional relationship between such board and the board of directors of the district. Every such petition, when filed with the court, must be approved by the board of directors of the district, which approval shall be noted on the petition over the signature of the president or some other authorized officer thereof, unless the petition is signed and filed by the board of directors of the district. unctional relationship between such board and the board of directors of the district. Every such petition, when filed with the court, must be approved by the board of directors of the district, which approval shall be noted on the petition over the signature of the president or some other authorized officer thereof, unless the petition is signed and filed by the board of directors of the district. (h) Said petition shall pray for the organization of a subdistrict by the name proposed. (3) To determine whether a majority of landowners in said district have signed the petition, in the event the petition is signed by landowners, or have petitioned the board of directors of the district, in the event the petition is filed by the board of directors, the court may require the county treasurer of each county in which territory proposed to be included in said subdistrict is situated to furnish a certified list of names of landowners within said area, and the court shall be governed by the names as they appear upon said copy of the tax roll, and the same shall be prima facie evidence of ownership. If said tax roll shows a majority of the landowners have signed the main petition or petitioned the district for said organization, the same shall be considered as prima facie evidence that a majority of said landowners are in favor of the organization of said proposed subdistrict.

C.R.S. § 37-48-124 Time and place of hearing on petition

37-48-124. Time and place of hearing on petition. (1) Immediately after the filing of such petition, the court wherein the petition is filed, by order, shall fix a place and time, not less than sixty-three days nor more than ninety-one days after the petition is filed, for hearing thereon, and the clerk of said court shall cause notice by publication, which may be substantially the same as provided in section 37-8-101, to be made of the pendency of the petition and of the time and place of the hearing thereon. The clerk of the court shall also forthwith cause a copy of said notice to be sent by United States first-class mail or by electronic service using the e-filing system of the judicial department to the board of county commissioners of each of the counties having territory within the proposed subdistrict and to the board of directors of the district if the petition is filed by the landowners. (2) The district court in and for the county in which the petition for the organization of a subdistrict has been filed shall thereafter, for all purposes of this article, except as otherwise provided in this article, maintain and have original and exclusive jurisdiction, coextensive with the boundaries of said subdistrict, of lands and other property proposed to be included in said subdistrict or affected by said subdistrict, without regard to the usual limits of its jurisdiction. (3) No judge of such court wherein such petition is filed shall be disqualified to perform any duty imposed by this article by reason of ownership of property within any subdistrict or proposed subdistrict or by reason of ownership of any property that may be benefited, taxed, or assessed therein.

C.R.S. § 37-48-125 Filing of protest - procedure - decree - fee

37-48-125. Filing of protest - procedure - decree - fee. (1) At any time after the filing of a petition for the organization of a subdistrict, and not less than thirty days prior to the time fixed by the order of the court for the hearing upon said petition, and not thereafter, a protest may be filed in the office of the clerk of the court wherein the proceedings for the organization of such subdistrict is pending, signed by a majority of the owners of the land in said proposed subdistrict protesting the organization or creation of said subdistrict. It is the duty of the clerk of the court forthwith, upon filing of said protest, to make as many certified copies thereof, including the signatures thereto, as there are counties into any part of which said proposed subdistrict extends and forthwith to place in the hands of the county treasurer of each of such counties one of said certified copies. (2) It is the duty of each of such county treasurers to determine from the last tax rolls of his county and to certify to said district court under his official seal, prior to the day fixed for the hearing, the total number of owners of land situate in such proposed subdistrict within his county and the total number of owners of land situate in such proposed subdistrict within his county who have signed such protest. Such certificate shall constitute prima facie evidence of the facts so stated therein and shall be so received and considered by the court. (3) Upon the day set for the hearing upon the original petition, if it appears to the court from such certificate and from such other evidence as may be adduced by any party in interest that the said protest is not signed by a majority of the owners of land within the proposed subdistrict, the court shall thereupon dismiss said protest and shall proceed with the hearing on the petition. If it appears to the court at said hearing that the protest is signed by any person or corporation who signed the original petition for the organization of said subdistrict, either to the court or to the district, then the signature of any such landowner upon the protest shall be disregarded and not counted. The board of county commissioners of any county in which any part of said proposed subdistrict is situate, or any owner of real property in said proposed subdistrict who has not signed the petition for the organization of said subdistrict, on or before the date set for the cause to be heard, may file objections to the organization and incorporation of the district. Such objections shall be limited to a denial of the statements in the petition and shall be heard by the court as an advanced case without unnecessary delay. (4) Upon said hearing, if it appears that said petition has been signed and presented in accordance with the requirements of this article and that the allegations of the petition are true, the court shall enter a decree and therein adjudicate all questions of jurisdiction and declare the subdistrict organized and designate the name of said subdistrict, by which in all subsequent proceedings it shall thereafter be designated and known; and thereafter said subdistrict shall be deemed a special improvement district. nts of this article and that the allegations of the petition are true, the court shall enter a decree and therein adjudicate all questions of jurisdiction and declare the subdistrict organized and designate the name of said subdistrict, by which in all subsequent proceedings it shall thereafter be designated and known; and thereafter said subdistrict shall be deemed a special improvement district. (5) Such order shall be binding upon the real property within the subdistrict, and no appeal or other remedy lies therefrom, and entry of such order shall finally and conclusively establish the regular organization of said subdistrict against all persons, except the state of Colorado, in an action in the nature of quo warranto to be commenced by the attorney general within three months after said decree is entered, and not otherwise. Within ten days after such subdistrict has been declared duly organized by the court, the clerk of said court shall transmit to the county clerk and recorder, in each of the counties having lands in said subdistrict, copies of the findings and decree of the court establishing said subdistrict. The same shall be filed and recorded in the office of the county clerk and recorder, where they shall become permanent records. The county clerk and recorder in each county shall collect a fee of two dollars for filing and preserving the same.

C.R.S. § 37-48-126 Official plan for subdistrict

37-48-126. Official plan for subdistrict. (1) Upon organization of such subdistrict, the board of directors of said district, acting as the board of directors of said subdistrict, is authorized and required to prepare and adopt as the official plans for said subdistrict a comprehensive detailed plan, setting forth any plan of water management for the subdistrict, any improvements or works, including all canals, reservoirs, and ditches whether within or without the district to be constructed or used for the subdistrict, and the manner of utilization of the same in any plan of augmentation or plan of water management, together with the estimated cost of each principal part of said plan or plans, system, or works and the estimated cost of maintenance and operation thereof. (2) Where a board of managers for the subdistrict is authorized by the petition and decree establishing the subdistrict, the preparation of the official plans for the subdistrict shall be carried out by the board of managers. Such official plans shall be submitted to and approved by the board of directors of the district before the holding of the public hearing thereon required by subsection (3) of this section. If the official plan approved by the board of directors includes a groundwater management plan within the meaning of section 37-92-501 (4)(c), the board of directors shall obtain the state engineer's approval of the groundwater management plan in accordance with section 37-92-501 (4)(c) before holding the public hearing required by subsection (3) of this section. (3) (a) Upon the completion of such official plan, the board of directors shall cause notice thereof to be given by publication in each county in which said district may be located, in whole or in part, and shall permit the inspection thereof at the office of the district by all persons interested. Said notice shall fix the time and place for the hearing of all objections to said plan not less than twenty days or more than thirty days after the last publication of said notice. All objections to said plan shall be in writing and filed with the manager or secretary of the district at its office prior to the date established for the hearing. After said hearing before the board of directors, the board shall consult with the board of managers, if any, and shall adopt the plan as the official plan of the said subdistrict; adopt the plan with changes in which the board of managers, if any, concurs; or disapprove the plan, in which case the board of managers, if any, shall proceed as set forth in this section to prepare another plan. (b) If any person objects to the official plan adopted pursuant to paragraph (a) of this subsection (3), such person may, within ten days after the adoption of said official plan, file in the office of the clerk of the court in the original case establishing the district his or her objections in writing, specifying the features of the plan to which objection is made, and, thereupon, the court shall fix a day for the hearing thereof before the court, at which time the court shall hear said objections and adopt, reject, or refer back the plan to the board of directors. If the official plan includes a groundwater management plan, the court may consolidate the hearing on objections to the official plan with any hearing on the groundwater management plan required by section 37-92-501 (4)(c). hall fix a day for the hearing thereof before the court, at which time the court shall hear said objections and adopt, reject, or refer back the plan to the board of directors. If the official plan includes a groundwater management plan, the court may consolidate the hearing on objections to the official plan with any hearing on the groundwater management plan required by section 37-92-501 (4)(c). (c) If the official plan includes a plan for augmentation, all issues concerning the adequacy of such plan under the applicable provisions of article 92 of this title shall be adjudicated pursuant to the procedures specified in said article. (4) If the court should reject the plan, the board or the board of managers, as the case may be, shall proceed as in the first instance under this section to prepare another plan. If the court should refer the plan back to the board for amendment, the court shall continue the hearing to a day certain without publication of notice. If the court approves the plan as the official plan of the district, a certified copy of the order of the court approving the plan shall be filed with the secretary of the district and incorporated into the records of the district. The official plan may be altered in detail as necessary from time to time but may not be altered in substance without notice and hearing as required in subsection (3) of this section, nor may the plan be altered in substance after the sale of bonds or warrants to finance the construction and development of the plan without notice to the holders of the bonds or warrants and opportunity for them to be heard, and in no event shall the plan be altered, except within the objects and purposes of the subdistrict as set forth in the petition to organize the same.

C.R.S. § 37-48-127 Execution of plans

37-48-127. Execution of plans. The board of directors has full authority to devise, prepare for, execute, maintain, and operate all works or improvements necessary or desirable to complete, maintain, operate, and protect the works provided for by the official plan and to that end may employ and secure men and equipment under the supervision of the chief engineer or other agents or may in its discretion let contracts for such works, either as a whole or in parts.

C.R.S. § 37-48-128 Contracts

37-48-128. Contracts. When it is determined to let the work by contract, contracts in amounts in excess of ten thousand dollars shall be advertised after notice by publication calling for bids, and the board may reject any or all bids or may let the contract to the lowest responsible bidder who gives a good and approved bond with ample security, conditioned on the carrying out of the contract. Such contract shall be in writing and shall be accompanied by or shall refer to plans and specifications for the work to be done prepared by the chief engineer. Said contract shall be approved by the board of directors and signed by the president of the district and by the contractor and shall be executed in duplicate; but, in case of sudden emergency when it is necessary in order to protect the district, the advertising of contracts may be waived upon the unanimous consent of the board of directors; but the provisions of this section shall not apply if it is determined by the board of directors that the work be done on force account.

C.R.S. § 37-48-129 Surveys and examinations

37-48-129. Surveys and examinations. The board of directors also has the right to establish and maintain stream gauges, rain gauges, and a flood warning service with telephone or telegraph lines or telephone or telegraph service, and it may make such surveys and examinations of rainfall and flood conditions, streamflow, and other scientific and engineering subjects as are necessary and proper for the purposes of the district and may issue reports thereon.

C.R.S. § 37-48-130 Cooperation with United States or other agencies

37-48-130. Cooperation with United States or other agencies. The board of directors also has the authority to enter into contracts or other arrangements with the United States government or any department thereof, with persons, railroads, or other corporations, with public corporations, with the state government of this or other states, and with irrigation, drainage, conservation, conservancy, or other improvement districts in this or other states for cooperation or assistance in constructing, maintaining, using, and operating the works of the district or for making surveys and investigations or reports thereon. It may purchase, lease, or acquire land or other property in adjoining states in order to secure outlets or for other purposes of the subdistrict and may let contracts and spend money for securing such outlets or other works in adjoining states.

C.R.S. § 37-48-131 Access to lands - penalty

37-48-131. Access to lands - penalty. The board of directors or its employees or agents, including contractors and their employees and appraisers retained by the board and their assistants, may enter upon lands within or without the district in order to make surveys and examinations to accomplish the necessary preliminary purposes of the district or to have access to the work, being liable, however, for actual damage done; but no unnecessary damage shall be done. Any person or corporation preventing such entry commits a civil infraction.

C.R.S. § 37-48-132 Removal of structures

37-48-132. Removal of structures. (1) For the accomplishment of the official plan, the board of directors has full power to improve in alignment, section, grade, or location, or in any other manner, any watercourse; and it may remove, widen, lengthen, lower, raise, or otherwise change any public or private road bridge or railroad bridge, any flume, aqueduct, or telephone, telegraph, gas, oil, sewer, water, or other pipeline, or any other construction over, across, in, into, under, or through any such watercourse, or it may require the same to be done. Such provisions shall apply to all such changes specified by the official plan or reasonably necessary for the accomplishment of the same; but if any such change is made necessary in any construction because of the failure of the same to permit the free flow of water in such stream in time of flood or to permit the necessary enlargement or protection of the channel, the owner of such construction shall make such change and all adjustments of grade, roadway, track, approach, or other construction incidental thereto without cost to the subdistrict and without any claim for damages against the subdistrict or district; but the subdistrict shall pay the cost of excavating the earth for the enlargement of any channel or for placing earth for the filling of any channel where such excavation or filling is required as a part of the official plan in making the changes outlined in this section. The subdistrict shall not be required to make such fill or excavation unless the same would be necessary to the official plan if the construction or work so changed did not exist. (2) Before the removal, change, or modification of any work or construction outlined in this section, the board of directors shall give notice to the owner thereof, requiring that the same be adapted to the official plan. In case such removals, changes, or adjustments are not commenced and completed by the owner within the respective times specified therefor in such notice, which time shall be reasonable under all circumstances, such removals, changes, or adjustments may be made by the district at the expense of the owner.

C.R.S. § 37-48-133 Passing equipment through bridge or grade

37-48-133. Passing equipment through bridge or grade. In case it is necessary to pass any dredge boat or other equipment through a bridge or grade of any railroad company or other corporation, county, city, town, or other municipality, the board of directors shall give notice to the owner of said bridge or grade that the same shall be removed temporarily to allow the passage of such equipment or that an agreement be immediately entered into with regard thereto. The owner of said bridge or grade shall keep an itemized account of the cost of the removal and, if necessary, of the replacing of said bridge or grade; and the necessary and actual cost shall be paid by the subdistrict. In case the owner of said bridge or grade fails to commence or complete provision for the passage of said equipment within the time specified in the notice, the board of directors may remove such bridge or grade at the subdistrict's expense, interrupting traffic in the least degree consistent with good work and without unnecessary damage or delay. In case said board is hindered or prevented from so doing, the owner of said bridge or grade shall be liable for all damage resulting to the subdistrict therefrom.

C.R.S. § 37-48-134 Functions and duties of board of managers

37-48-134. Functions and duties of board of managers. If the subdistrict has a board of managers, any of the functions and duties enumerated in sections 37-48-127 to 37-48-133 may be performed by the board of managers to the extent provided in the petition or in the rules and regulations of the subdistrict; except that all contracts shall be subject to approval by the board of directors and, further, except that title to all property acquired, developed, or constructed in the formulation, execution, and operation of the official plan of the subdistrict shall be taken and held in the name of the district, and the district shall hold and own the same for the purposes and objects of the subdistrict.

C.R.S. § 37-48-135 Retention of personnel

37-48-135. Retention of personnel. If the subdistrict has a board of managers and if it is so provided in the petition or in the rules and regulations of the subdistrict, the board of managers may retain engineers, attorneys, and management and other personnel separate and apart from those employed by the district.

C.R.S. § 37-48-136 Appointment of appraisers

37-48-136. Appointment of appraisers. If the plan of financing set forth in the petition and order creating the subdistrict utilizes special improvement bonds, paid by special assessments upon the property benefited within the subdistrict, as a means of financing the execution of the official plan, then, at the time of making its order organizing the district or at any time thereafter, the court shall appoint a board of three appraisers, referred to in this article as the "board of appraisers" or the "appraisers", whose duty it shall be to appraise the lands or other property within and without the district to be acquired for rights-of-way, reservoirs, and other works of the district and to appraise all benefits and damages accruing to all land within or without the district by reason of the execution of the official plan. Each of the appraisers, before taking up his duties, shall take and subscribe to an oath that he will faithfully and impartially discharge his duties as such appraiser and that he will make a true report of such work done by him. The appraisers at their first meeting shall elect one of their own number chairman, and minutes of their meetings shall be maintained. A majority of the appraisers shall constitute a quorum, and a concurrence of the majority in any matter within their duties shall be sufficient for its determination. The court, by order, may remove any appraiser at any time and shall fill all vacancies in the board of appraisers or may appoint a new board, as occasion may require, which new board, if appointed, shall perform all the duties and exercise all the powers of the board of appraisers of the district.

C.R.S. § 37-48-137 Appraisals

37-48-137. Appraisals. (1) During the preparation of an official plan that utilizes special improvement bonds for financing, the board of appraisers shall examine and become acquainted with the nature of the plans for the improvement of the lands and other property affected thereby in order that they may be better prepared to make appraisals for the special improvement bonds. (2) When the official plan utilizing special improvement bonds is adopted by the district, the secretary of the district shall at once notify the appraisers, and they shall thereupon proceed to appraise the benefits of every kind to all land and property within the subdistrict that will result from the special improvements to be financed by the special improvement bonds in the official plan. The appraisers shall also appraise the damages sustained and the value of the land and other property necessary to be acquired by the district in carrying out the official plan. In the progress of their work, the appraisers shall have the assistance of the attorney, engineers, secretary, and other agents and employees of the district or subdistrict.

C.R.S. § 37-48-138 Report of appraisers - special improvement bonds

37-48-138. Report of appraisers - special improvement bonds. (1) The board of appraisers shall prepare a tabulated report of its findings, which shall be bound in book form and which shall be known as the conservation district appraisal record for special improvement bonds. Such record shall contain the names of the owners of property appraised as they appear on the tax rolls or from the records of the office of the county clerk and recorder, a description of the property appraised, and the amount of benefits appraised. No error in the names of the owners of property or in the descriptions thereof shall invalidate said appraisal or the levy of assessments or taxes based thereon if sufficient description is given to identify such property. (2) When the report is completed, it shall be signed by at least a majority of the appraisers and deposited with the clerk of the court, who shall file it in the original case. At the same time certified copies of that part of the report giving the appraisal of benefits in any county other than that in which the original case is pending shall be made and filed with the county clerk and recorder of such county.

C.R.S. § 37-48-139 Notice of hearing on appraisals

37-48-139. Notice of hearing on appraisals. (1) Upon the filing of the report of the appraisers, the clerk of the court in which the original cause is pending shall, upon order of the court, give notice thereof by publication in each county in the subdistrict. It shall not be necessary for said clerk to name the parties interested, but the notice shall specify: (a) The whole cost of the improvement, work, or acquisition; (b) The share apportioned to each lot or tract of land; (c) That complaints or objections may be made thereto, in writing, by the owners of the lands affected and filed in the office of the clerk of the court within ten days after the publication of such notice and that the same shall be heard and determined by the court. (2) Where lands in different counties are mentioned in said report, it shall not be necessary to publish in each county a description of all the lands in the district, but only of that part of the said lands situate in the county in which publication is made.

C.R.S. § 37-48-140 Hearing on appraisals

37-48-140. Hearing on appraisals. Any property owner may accept the appraisals of benefits as made by the appraisers and shall be construed to have done so unless, within ten days after the last publication provided for in section 37-48-139, he has filed exceptions to said report or to any appraisal of benefits. All exceptions shall be heard by the court, beginning not less than twenty days nor more than thirty days after the last publication provided for in section 37-48-139, and determined in advance of other business so as to carry out, liberally, the purposes and needs of the subdistrict. The court may, if it deems necessary, return the report to the board of appraisers for its further consideration and amendment and may enter its order to that effect. If, however, the appraisal roll as a whole is referred back to the appraisers, the court shall not resume the hearing thereon without new notice, as for an original hearing thereon; but the court may, without new notice, order the appraisers to revise and amend the roll when the order of the court specifies the changes to be made.

C.R.S. § 37-48-141 Decree on appraisals

37-48-141. Decree on appraisals. If it appears to the satisfaction of the court, after having heard and determined all said exceptions, that the estimated cost of constructing the improvements contemplated in the official plan is less than the benefits appraised, the court shall approve and confirm said appraisers' report as so modified and amended, and such findings and appraisals shall be final and incontestable, except as provided in this article. In case the court finds that the benefits appraised are less than the estimated total cost of the execution of the official plan, exclusive of interest on deferred payments, it may at its discretion return said official plan to the directors of the district with an order directing them to prepare new or amended plans, or it may dissolve the subdistrict after having provided for the payment of all expenses theretofore incurred.

C.R.S. § 37-48-142 Filing decree

37-48-142. Filing decree. Upon the entry of the order of the court approving the report of the appraisers, the clerk of the said court in which the same is entered shall transmit to the secretary of the district a certified copy of the said decree and of the appraisals as confirmed by the court.

C.R.S. § 37-48-143 Validation of irregular proceedings

37-48-143. Validation of irregular proceedings. (1) Minor insubstantial irregularities in any notice or proceeding shall not make any proceeding invalid. (2) In case it is found upon a hearing that, by reason of some irregularity or defect in the proceedings, the appraisal has not been properly made, the court may, nevertheless, on having proof that expense has been incurred which is a proper charge against the property of the complainant, render a finding as to the amount of benefits to said property and appraise the proper benefits accordingly, and thereupon said land shall be assessed as other land equally benefited. (3) In the event that at any time, either before or after the issuance of bonds, the appraisal of benefits, either as a whole or in part, is declared by any court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid by reason of any defect or irregularity in the proceedings therefor, whether jurisdictional or otherwise, the said district court where the original case is pending is authorized, on the application of the board of directors of the said district or on the application of any holder of any bonds which may have been issued pursuant to this article, promptly and without delay to remedy all defects or irregularities, as the case may require, by causing to be made a new appraisal of the amount of benefits against the whole or any part of the lands in the said district, as the case may require.

C.R.S. § 37-48-144 Compensation of appraisers

37-48-144. Compensation of appraisers. Appraisers, when appointed under the provisions of this article, shall receive such reasonable compensation as shall be fixed by the court in its order of appointment.

C.R.S. § 37-48-145 Preliminary fund

37-48-145. Preliminary fund. (1) As soon as any subdistrict has been organized, the board of directors may fix the amount of assessment upon the property within the subdistrict at a level rate to be used for the purpose of paying the expenses of organization, for surveys and plans, and for other incidental expenses that may have been incurred prior to the time when money is received from the sale of bonds or otherwise. Such assessment shall not exceed five mills for every dollar of valuation for assessment of such property unless the petition for creation of the subdistrict and the order for the district court thereon provides for a higher rate. In accordance with the schedule prescribed by section 39-5-128, C.R.S., the amount of assessment for each dollar of valuation for assessment shall be certified to the boards of county commissioners of the various counties in which the district, or any portion thereof, is located and by them included in their next annual levy for state and county purposes. Said amount shall be collected for the use of such subdistrict in the same manner as are taxes for county purposes, and the revenue laws of the state for the levy and collection of ad valorem taxes on real estate for county purposes, except as modified in this article, shall be applicable for the levy and collection of the amount certified by the directors of such district as aforesaid, including the enforcement of penalties and forfeiture for delinquent taxes. (2) All collections made by the county treasurer pursuant to such levy shall be paid to the treasurer of the district on or before the tenth day of the next succeeding calendar month. If such items of expense have already been paid in whole or in part from moneys advanced by the district for subdistrict use or from other sources, they may be repaid from the receipts of such levy, and such levy may be made even though the work proposed may have been found impracticable or for other reasons may have been abandoned. The information collected by the necessary surveys, the appraisal of benefits and damages, and other information and data are declared to constitute benefits for which an assessment may be levied. In case a district is dissolved or abandoned for any cause whatsoever before the work is constructed, the data, plans, and estimates which have been secured shall be filed with the clerk of the court in which the district was organized and shall be matters of public record available to any person interested.

C.R.S. § 37-48-146 Power to borrow money for the preliminary fund

37-48-146. Power to borrow money for the preliminary fund. In order to facilitate the preliminary work, the board of directors may borrow money at a net effective interest rate as determined by the board and, as evidence of the debt so contracted, may issue and sell or may issue to contractors or others negotiable evidences of debt, in this article called "warrants", and may pledge, after it has been levied, the preliminary assessment of not exceeding five mills for the repayment thereof, or may pledge the revenue from any service charge or user fee to be levied by the subdistrict. If any warrant so issued by the board of directors is presented for payment and is not paid for want of funds in the treasury, that fact, with the date of presentation, shall be endorsed on the back of such warrant, which shall thereafter draw interest at the rate specified in the endorsement, not exceeding the net effective interest rate as when issued, until such time as there is money on hand sufficient to pay the amount of said warrant with interest.

C.R.S. § 37-48-147 Directors bound by financing plan

37-48-147. Directors bound by financing plan. (1) The board of directors of the district shall be bound by the plan of financing set forth in the petition for the organization of the subdistrict and approved by the decree of the district court. The appointment of appraisers shall not be necessary if the official plan adopted does not utilize special improvement bonds as a means of financing the subdistrict official plan, but the district or the subdistrict board of managers, as the case may be, may nevertheless retain appraisers as needed to appraise the value of property to be acquired. (2) If the plan of financing provides for the issuance of general obligation bonds of the subdistrict, such bonds shall be signed "Water Users' Association No. ..... in the Rio Grande Water Conservation District, by .........., President, Attest .........., Secretary", or "Special Improvement District No. ..... in the Rio Grande Water Conservation District, by .........., President, Attest .........., Secretary". They shall be countersigned by the treasurer. General obligation bonds shall recite that they are obligations of the subdistrict, are issued pursuant to the provisions of this article, and are to be payable at the time, in the manner, and with the rate of interest therein specified and that the same were issued under and pursuant to a court decree and a resolution of the board of directors authorizing the issue of said obligations and referring to the date of said resolution. Said bonds shall further recite that they are payable from funds to be derived by special assessments and tax levies against the property in said subdistrict and other revenues derived from the operation of the subdistrict's official plan, as provided by the plan of financing in the petition for organization of the subdistrict, and not otherwise, that the same are not to be deemed to be an obligation of the Rio Grande water conservation district but only an obligation of said subdistrict, and that the district itself is not to be obligated in any manner for the payment of said bonds. If there is a board of managers for the subdistrict, the resolution of the board of directors authorizing said obligations shall be approved by the board of managers before being adopted by the board of directors.

C.R.S. § 37-48-148 Special assessments - procedure in making

37-48-148. Special assessments - procedure in making. (1) If the proceedings for the organization of the subdistrict, including the petition and the decree entered thereon, provide for the financing of the construction or acquisition of the works or other improvements proposed and of the other steps necessary to the development and implementation of the subdistrict's official plan by special assessments to be levied against the appraised benefits to property within said subdistrict, then the board of directors may make special assessments from time to time, as required, and, in making the assessments, the board shall be guided by the procedure for the levy of similar assessments under the conservancy law of the state of Colorado, articles 1 to 8 of this title, and particularly the provisions of said law appearing in sections 37-5-104 to 37-5-106, and the same shall apply to subdistricts created under this article. (2) From time to time, as the affairs of the subdistrict may demand, the board of directors may levy on all property to which benefits are provided by the subdistrict's official plan a special assessment of such portion of said benefits as may be found necessary by the board to pay the cost of any appraisal, the preparation and execution of the official plan for said subdistrict, and the superintendence of construction and administration during the period of construction, plus ten percent of the total to be added for contingencies, but not to exceed in the total of principal the appraised benefits so adjudicated. The special assessments, to be known as the "construction fund special assessment", shall be apportioned to and levied on each tract of land or other property in the district in proportion to the benefits appraised and not in excess thereof, and in case special improvement bonds are issued, as provided in section 37-48-149, then the amount of interest that will accrue on such bonds as estimated by the board of directors shall be included in and added to the assessment, but the interest to accrue on account of the issuance of the special improvement bonds shall not be construed as a part of the cost of construction in determining whether or not the expenses and cost of making the improvement are or are not equal to or in excess of the benefits appraised. (3) As soon as the special assessment is levied, the secretary of the subdistrict, at the expense thereof, shall prepare in duplicate an assessment of the subdistrict. It shall be in the form of a well-bound book endorsed and named "Construction Fund Special Assessment Record of Water Users' Association No. ....., or Special Improvement District No. ....., of the Rio Grande Water Conservation District". Said record shall be in the form of similar records for conservancy districts under the laws of this state, particularly as provided in section 37-5-104. The special assessments may be paid in the manner provided in section 37-5-105 relating to conservancy districts under the laws of this state. All proceedings provided in said sections with respect to conservancy districts shall apply to the special assessments, the records thereof, and the manner of payment of special assessments of subdistricts organized under this article.

C.R.S. § 37-48-149 Special improvement bonds

37-48-149. Special improvement bonds. (1) The board of directors of the district may issue as obligations of the subdistrict, not as obligations of the Rio Grande water conservation district, special improvement bonds to be paid out of special improvement assessments made by the board of directors against all lands in the subdistrict benefited by the improvements financed by the bond proceeds, which special improvement assessments shall not exceed in the aggregate an amount equal to ninety percent of the amount of benefits determined to have accrued to said lands by reason of such improvements and unpaid at the time of issue of said bonds. Such bonds shall contain a recital to the effect that they are issued under and in accordance with the provisions of this article as special improvement bonds and are payable out of special improvement assessments to be levied against the property in said subdistrict and not otherwise. (2) The special improvement bonds issued pursuant to subsection (1) of this section shall be signed "Water Users' Association No. ....., or Special Improvement District No. ....., of the Rio Grande Water Conservation District, by .........., President", and countersigned ".........., Treasurer". Otherwise said bonds shall be in such denominations and become due at such dates, with interest at such rate, payable either annually or semiannually, but not exceeding the rate of ten percent per annum, and contain such other provisions as may be fixed by the board of directors, not inconsistent with the provisions of this article. Except as otherwise expressly modified in this article, the law relating to the form and issuance of special improvement bonds of conservancy districts under the laws of this state, particularly section 37-5-106, shall apply and govern officers of the district in the issuance and sale of said bonds; and other provisions of said law with respect to the levy of assessments for the payment of said bonds with interest, particularly section 37-5-110, shall likewise be applicable to the bonds of a subdistrict organized under this article. If the subdistrict has a board of managers, the board of managers shall annually determine and certify to the board of directors of the district the total amount of the special improvement assessments to be collected; and the board of directors of the district, if it deems the amount so certified to be correct, shall order and levy the total special improvement assessments and otherwise conform to the procedure set forth in section 37-5-110.

C.R.S. § 37-48-150 Manner of collection - tax sale - certificate of purchase - tax deed

37-48-150. Manner of collection - tax sale - certificate of purchase - tax deed. (1) Before July 1, 2024, lands sold for delinquent special improvement assessments, special assessments, service charges, or user fees under this article 48 shall be struck off to the district, or bid in for the district, in like manner and effect, including issuance of a deed therefor, as provided by law with respect to lands struck off to, or bid in for, counties, cities, or towns, as the case may be; but, when a certificate of purchase has been issued to the district with respect to any lands, no certificate of purchase for subsequent special improvement assessments, special assessments, service charges, or user fees shall be issued with respect to the same lands, except to the district, until all special improvement assessments, special assessments, service charges, or user fees represented by certificates of purchase held by the district have been redeemed or paid. (2) Before July 1, 2024, no holder of such certificate of purchase, other than the district, shall be entitled to a tax deed thereon, except upon payment of all special improvement assessments, special assessments, service charges, or user fees subsequent to such certificate of purchase that are due and unpaid or unredeemed, at the time of issuance of the tax deed; and the tax deed so issued to such holder shall be subject to future unpaid special improvement assessments, special assessments, service charges, or user fees. Any such holder of a certificate of purchase may, at any time after three years after issuance thereof, present the same to the county treasurer, together with all subsequent certificates held by the holder, as evidence of subsequent payment of special improvement assessments, special assessments, service charges, or user fees, and request the county treasurer to issue one tax deed thereon; and one tax deed shall be issued accordingly in the same manner as other tax deeds. (3) Before July 1, 2024, the district may, at any time after three years after issuance of any such certificate of purchase held by the district, present the same to the county treasurer, together with all subsequent certificates of purchase held by it, as evidence of unpaid subsequent special improvement assessments, special assessments, service charges, or user fees, and request the county treasurer to issue one tax deed thereon, and one deed shall be issued accordingly in the same manner as other tax deeds; but such tax deeds shall not prejudice the parity of any existing lien for general taxes. Upon the delivery of the tax deed, the conservation district shall have and enjoy all the rights of an owner in fee simple to the lands described therein; but no sale of such land shall be made by the district, except one subject to the lien of special improvement assessments, special assessments, service charges, or user fees due and unpaid subsequent to the issuance of the tax deed to the district as well as to future unpaid special improvement assessments, special assessments, service charges, or user fees, nor shall the district convey such property by deed with covenants of warranty, nor shall any sale of such property be made for less than the principal amount of the original special improvement assessments, special assessments, service charges, or user fees thereon remaining due and unpaid, unless such sale is approved by an order of the district court in which the organization proceedings of the district are filed. ct convey such property by deed with covenants of warranty, nor shall any sale of such property be made for less than the principal amount of the original special improvement assessments, special assessments, service charges, or user fees thereon remaining due and unpaid, unless such sale is approved by an order of the district court in which the organization proceedings of the district are filed. (4) Before July 1, 2024, the district, by resolution of its board of directors, may sell, assign, and deliver any such certificates held by the district for such sum as the board of directors may determine and authorize; but no such sale or assignment shall be made that does not include all certificates held by the district with respect to the same land. Upon presentation and surrender of such certificates by the assignee thereof to the county treasurer, such officer shall accept the same in payment of the special improvement assessments, special assessments, service charges, or user fees represented thereby, unless such purchaser requests a tax deed thereon as provided in this section. No such assignment shall be made by the district for less than the principal sum represented by the certificate assigned, except upon order approving the assignment made by the district court wherein the organization proceedings of the district are pending. (5) Notwithstanding any law to the contrary, on or after July 1, 2024, the district, a holder of a certificate of purchase, or a county treasurer shall follow the procedures established in article 11.5 of title 39 and shall not follow the procedures established in this section or article 11 of title 39 concerning the issuance of a tax deed. Notwithstanding any law to the contrary, on or after July 1, 2024, a lot or parcel of land shall not be struck off to the district and a county treasurer shall not issue a certificate of purchase or tax deed pursuant to this section or article 11 of title 39 to the extent such actions would be inconsistent with the requirements of article 11.5 of title 39.

C.R.S. § 37-48-151 Collection by civil action

37-48-151. Collection by civil action. In addition to all other remedies for collection of assessments, including special improvement assessments, special assessments, service charges, or user fees, provided by this article, and cumulative therewith, the district may, at any time after three years after the issuance of any certificate of purchase held by the district, bring civil action to foreclose the lien for special improvement assessments, special assessments, service charges, or user fees, represented by all certificates of purchase held by the district with respect to the same land and for other relief with respect to such land as provided by the Colorado rules of civil procedure then in effect for the foreclosure of liens on real property; but no statute of limitations shall be applicable to the rights of the district arising from any special improvement assessments, special assessments, service charges, or user fees, and no decree, or sale of lands thereunder, shall be made except one subject to the lien of future unpaid installments of special improvement assessments, special assessments, service charges, or user fees. The county treasurer shall be made a party to any action of the district authorized by this section.

C.R.S. § 37-48-152 Special improvement assessments constitute perpetual lien

37-48-152. Special improvement assessments constitute perpetual lien. All special improvement assessments against appraised benefits and interest thereon and penalties for default of payment thereof, together with the cost of collecting the same, from the date of the filing of the construction fund special assessment record in the office of the treasurer of the county wherein the lands and property are situate shall constitute a perpetual lien in an amount not in excess of the benefits severally appraised upon the land and other property against which said special improvement assessments have been levied and such benefits appraised; and no sale of said property to enforce any general state, county, city, town, or school tax or other lien shall extinguish the perpetual lien of said special improvement assessment. At any time, any landowner may pay the full amount of said special improvement assessment, and thereafter the property of any such landowner shall be clear and free from said lien and shall not be subject to special improvement assessment for and on account of benefits appraised against any other land or default in the payment of special improvement assessments made against any other land.

C.R.S. § 37-48-153 Directors to remedy defects - special improvement assessments - special assessments

37-48-153. Directors to remedy defects - special improvement assessments - special assessments. If any special improvement assessment, special assessment, service charge, or user fee made under the provisions of this article proves invalid, the board of directors shall, by subsequent or amended acts or proceedings, promptly and without delay remedy all defects or irregularities, as the case may require, by making and providing for the collection of new special improvement assessments, special assessments, service charges, or user fees, or otherwise.

C.R.S. § 37-48-154 Records of assessments, service charges, or user fees as evidence

37-48-154. Records of assessments, service charges, or user fees as evidence. The record of special improvement assessments, special assessments, service charges, or user fees contained in the respective records of the district shall be prima facie evidence in all courts of all matters therein contained.

C.R.S. § 37-48-155 Defects in notice perfected

37-48-155. Defects in notice perfected. Whenever notice is provided for in this article, if the court finds that due notice was not given, jurisdiction shall not thereby be lost or the proceedings abated or held void, but the court shall continue the hearing until such time as proper notice may be given and shall thereupon proceed as though proper notice had been given in the first instance. If any appraisal, special improvement assessment, special assessment, levy, service charge, or user fee or other proceeding relating to said district is held defective, then the board of directors may file a motion in the cause in which said district was organized to perfect any such defect, and the court shall set a time for hearing thereon. If the original notice as a whole is held to be sufficient but faulty only with reference to publication as to certain particular lands or as to service as to certain persons, publication of the defective notice may be ordered as to the particular lands, or service may be made on the persons not properly served, and said notice is thereby corrected without invalidating the original notice as to other lands or persons.

C.R.S. § 37-48-156 Contracts of subdistricts

37-48-156. Contracts of subdistricts. (1) When the official plan so provides, it shall be lawful for any subdistrict to make contracts as follows: (a) A water users' association, public entity, nonprofit corporation, not-for-profit corporation, carrier ditch company, mutual ditch or reservoir company, unincorporated ditch or reservoir company, or cooperative association may bind itself to levy an annual assessment for the use of water and to secure the assessment by liens on land and water rights or in such other manner as may be provided by law. (b) Any person or corporation landowner may create a mortgage lien upon lands or give other security satisfactory to the board or any other contracting agency, and all such contracts shall provide for forfeiture of the use of water for nonpayment of assessments or installments in the same manner and procedure as provided by statute for forfeiture of stock in a mutual ditch or reservoir company.

C.R.S. § 37-48-157 Issuance of general obligation bonds - revenue bonds

37-48-157. Issuance of general obligation bonds - revenue bonds. (1) (a) In the name of the subdistrict and not otherwise, when authorized by the plan of organization and decree of court organizing said subdistrict to do so, the district may issue general obligations or bonds which shall constitute a lien against the real property in said subdistrict. Said obligations shall bear interest at a rate such that the net effective interest rate of the issue does not exceed the maximum net effective interest rate authorized. Interest shall be payable semiannually, and said obligations may be made payable in series becoming due not less than five years and not more than fifty years after the date of issue. The bonds may be sold in one or more series at par, or below or above par, at public or private sale, in such manner and for such price as the district, in its discretion, shall determine. As an incidental expense of the issuance, the district, in its discretion, may employ financial and legal consultants in regard to the financing of the official plan. The district may exchange all or a part of its bonds for all or an equivalent part of property or services included in the official plan for which the bonds are issued, the exchange to be preceded by determination of the fair value of the property or services exchanged for the bonds. Such determination shall be by resolution of the board of directors and shall be conclusive. (b) Such bonds are to be paid from assessments levied from time to time, as the bonds and interest thereon become due, against the taxable property in said subdistrict and not otherwise. Such levies shall not be limited as to rate or amount; except that they shall not exceed a rate reasonably required to yield funds needed to pay said bonds and interest as they mature, plus any other amounts required for debt service, less the amount of any other funds available to the subdistrict for payment of said bonds and debt service. The board of directors of said district shall certify, to the boards of county commissioners of the several counties in which said subdistrict or any part thereof is located, the amount of the levy necessary to be made upon the taxable property in the subdistrict to yield the required funds becoming due on all outstanding bonds at the same time that certifications of the district's mill levy assessment for general district purposes are made, and the procedure for the assessment and collection of ad valorem taxes of the county is, except as may be otherwise provided in this article, made applicable and is to be followed in the levy of assessments for payment of taxes and collection of principal and debt service on such general obligations or bonds. If the subdistrict has a board of managers, said board of managers shall certify to the district board the amount of money needed to be raised by such assessment, and the district board shall, if it deems the amount to be correct, thereupon determine the levy necessary to raise such funds and certify the same to the boards of county commissioners as provided in this section. obligations or bonds. If the subdistrict has a board of managers, said board of managers shall certify to the district board the amount of money needed to be raised by such assessment, and the district board shall, if it deems the amount to be correct, thereupon determine the levy necessary to raise such funds and certify the same to the boards of county commissioners as provided in this section. (2) (a) The subdistrict, in its own name, may issue revenue bonds to finance, in whole or in part, the construction of works, reservoirs, or other improvements provided for in the official plan for the beneficial use of water for the purposes for which it has been or may be appropriated, whether or not the interest on such bonds may be subject to taxation. Such revenue bonds shall be issued in such denominations and with such maximum net effective interest rate as may be fixed by the board of directors of the district and shall bear interest such that the net effective interest rate of the bonds does not exceed the maximum net effective interest rate authorized. The bonds may be sold in one or more series at par, or below or above par, at public or private sale, in such manner and for such price as the district, in its discretion, shall determine. As an incidental expense of the issuance, the subdistrict, in its discretion, may employ financial and legal consultants in regard to the financing of the official plan. The subdistrict may exchange all or a part of its bonds for all or an equivalent part of property or services included in the official plan for which the bonds are issued, the exchange to be preceded by determination of the fair value of the property or services exchanged for the bonds. Such determination shall be by resolution of the board of directors and shall be conclusive. (b) The board of directors shall pledge only rental proceeds, service charges, user fees, and other income, or any combination thereof, from such works, plans of water management, or other improvements of the subdistrict, and neither the district nor the subdistrict shall be otherwise obligated for the payment thereof. At the time said revenue bonds are issued, the board of directors of the district shall make and enter in the minutes of the proceeding a resolution that sets out the due dates of such revenue bonds, the rates of interest thereon, the general provisions of the bonds, and a recital that the same are payable only out of the rental proceeds, service charges, and other income, or any combination thereof that are pledged for payment of the revenue bonds. In addition, the board of directors shall require the payment of rental charges, service charges, or other charges by the political subdivisions, persons, or land owners that are to use or derive benefits from the water or other services financed by the revenue bonds. Such charges shall be sufficient to pay operation and maintenance expenses of any works or improvements or any water management plan financed by the revenue bonds, to meet said revenue bond payments, and to accumulate and maintain reserve and replacement accounts pertaining thereto as set forth in such resolution. Such resolution shall be irrepealable during the time that any of the revenue bonds are outstanding and unpaid. The revenue bonds shall be signed "Water Users' Association No. .... in the Rio Grande Water Conservation District, By ............, President. Attest ..........., Secretary" or "Special Improvement District No. .... in the Rio Grande Water Conservation District, By ........., President. Attest ............, Secretary", and they shall be countersigned by the treasurer.

C.R.S. § 37-48-158 Board to certify tax assessments

37-48-158. Board to certify tax assessments. To maintain, operate, and preserve ditches, canals, reservoirs, or other improvements made pursuant to this article and to strengthen, repair, and restore the same, when needed, for operation of any plan of water management, and for the purpose of defraying any incidental expenses of the subdistrict, the board of directors may, at the time of certification of the general district mill levy to the boards of county commissioners of the counties in which the district is located, certify also, to the boards of county commissioners of the counties in which said subdistrict or any part thereof is located, an additional assessment upon the taxable property within the subdistrict, not to exceed five mills for every dollar of valuation for assessment within said subdistrict, for the purpose of raising funds to be used for the maintenance and operation of the subdistrict's official plan. If there is a board of managers for the subdistrict, the amount of money needed to be raised by such assessment shall be certified by the board of managers to the district board of directors in time for inclusion of the amount in the district budget for the succeeding calendar year. Assessments so certified shall be levied by the boards of county commissioners of the counties in which said subdistrict is situate on the property of said subdistrict in their respective counties, to be collected by the county treasurers of the several counties and delivered to the treasurer of the district in like manner and with like effect as is provided for the collection and return of other assessments under this article. The whole assessment shall be due and payable as and when taxes for county purposes levied in the same year are due and payable. The said assessments shall be in addition to any special improvement assessment or special assessment that has been levied against benefits appraised for and on account of construction.

C.R.S. § 37-48-159 Sinking fund

37-48-159. Sinking fund. Said district may provide for a sinking fund for the ultimate payment of any of the obligations of any subdistrict. Such sinking fund may be invested as provided in section 37-48-111.

C.R.S. § 37-48-160 Subdistrict budget

37-48-160. Subdistrict budget. A subdistrict existing pursuant to this article shall be an agency of the district for purposes of compliance with the provisions of the "Local Government Budget Law of Colorado", part 1 of article 1 of title 29, C.R.S.; and the board of managers thereof, if any, shall prepare and submit to the district the budget estimates of its expenditure requirements and its estimated revenues for the ensuing budget year, as provided in section 29-1-105, C.R.S.

C.R.S. § 37-48-161 Revenue bonds

37-48-161. Revenue bonds. (Repealed)

C.R.S. § 37-48-162 Bonds to be special obligations

37-48-162. Bonds to be special obligations. (Repealed)

C.R.S. § 37-48-163 Form and terms of bonds

37-48-163. Form and terms of bonds. (Repealed)

C.R.S. § 37-48-164 Bond security

37-48-164. Bond security. (Repealed)

C.R.S. § 37-48-165 Terms of proceedings and instruments

37-48-165. Terms of proceedings and instruments. (Repealed)

C.R.S. § 37-48-166 Investments and bank deposits

37-48-166. Investments and bank deposits. (Repealed)

C.R.S. § 37-48-167 Limited obligation

37-48-167. Limited obligation. (Repealed)

C.R.S. § 37-48-168 Rights upon default

37-48-168. Rights upon default. (Repealed)

C.R.S. § 37-48-169 Determination of revenue

37-48-169. Determination of revenue. (Repealed)

C.R.S. § 37-48-170 Financing of project

37-48-170. Financing of project. (Repealed)

C.R.S. § 37-48-171 Refunding

37-48-171. Refunding. (Repealed)

C.R.S. § 37-48-172 Application of proceeds

37-48-172. Application of proceeds. (Repealed)

C.R.S. § 37-48-173 Limitation of actions

37-48-173. Limitation of actions. (Repealed)

C.R.S. § 37-48-174 Costs - board of managers to concur

37-48-174. Costs - board of managers to concur. (Repealed)

C.R.S. § 37-48-175 Election to authorize debt

37-48-175. Election to authorize debt. Except for the issuance of refunding bonds or other funding or refunding of obligations which does not increase the net indebtedness of the district or any subdistrict so proceeding, no indebtedness shall be incurred by the issuance of general obligation bonds of any subdistrict or by any contract by which the district or a subdistrict agrees to repay as general obligations or other obligations constituting a "general obligation debt by loan in any form", as such term is used in section 6 of article XI of the state constitution, of the district or subdistrict, respectively, to the federal government, any political subdivision, or any person over a term not limited to the then current fiscal year any project costs advanced thereby under any contract for the acquisition or improvement of the facilities or any interest therein, or for any project, advanced by the issuance of securities of such a political subdivision or person to defray any cost of the project or of the facilities or an interest therein thereby acquired and becoming a part of the facilities of the district or subdistrict, or otherwise advanced, unless a proposal of issuing the subdistrict's general obligation bonds or of incurring an indebtedness by the district or subdistrict by making such a contract is submitted to the electors of the district or subdistrict, as the case may be, and is approved by a majority of such electors voting on the proposal at an election held for that purpose in accordance with this article and with all laws amendatory thereof and supplemental thereto.

C.R.S. § 37-48-176 Definition of elector

37-48-176. Definition of elector. (1) An "elector", "elector of the district", or "elector of the subdistrict", or any term of similar import, means a person: (a) Who, at the time of the election, is qualified to vote in general elections in this state; and (b) Who either: (I) Is a resident of the district or subdistrict proposing to incur an indebtedness at the time of the election; or (II) Owns real property within the district or subdistrict that is subject to special improvement assessments, special assessments, or service charges of the subdistrict. (2) Registration pursuant to the laws concerning general elections or any other laws shall not be required.

C.R.S. § 37-48-177 Elections

37-48-177. Elections. Whenever in this article an election of the electors of the district or a subdistrict therein is permitted or required, the election may be held separately at a special election or may be held concurrently with any primary or general election held under the laws of this state; but no election shall be held at the same time as any regular election of any city, town, or school district if any part of the area thereof is located within the boundaries of the district or subdistrict, as the case may be.

C.R.S. § 37-48-178 Election resolution

37-48-178. Election resolution. (1) The board of directors shall call any election by resolution adopted at least thirty days prior to the election. (2) Such resolution shall recite the objects and purposes of the election, the date upon which such election shall be held, and the form of the ballot. (3) In the case of any election not to be held concurrently with a primary or general election, the board of directors shall provide in the election resolution or by supplemental resolution for the appointment of sufficient judges and clerks of the election, who shall be electors of the district or the subdistrict holding the debt election, and in such event shall set their compensation. The election resolution or a supplemental resolution shall also then designate the precincts and polling places, but a supplemental resolution may modify such a description of precincts and polling places without repeating such description in full. The description of precincts may be made by reference to any order of the governing body of any county, municipality, or other political subdivision in which the district or subdistrict or any part thereof is situated, or by reference to any previous order or other instrument of such a governing body, or by detailed description of such precincts, or by other sufficient description. (4) Precincts established by any such governing body may be consolidated in the election resolution by the board of directors in a sufficient number which it deems expedient for the convenience of the electors for any election not to be held concurrently with a primary or general election. (5) If the election shall be held concurrently with a primary or general election held under the laws of this state, the judges of election for such primary or general election shall be designated as the judges of the election for the election held pursuant to this article, and they shall receive such additional compensation, if any, as the board of directors shall set by the election resolution.

C.R.S. § 37-48-179 Conduct of election

37-48-179. Conduct of election. (1) Except as otherwise provided in this article, an election held pursuant to this article shall be opened and conducted in the manner then provided by the laws of this state for the conduct of general elections. (2) If an election is held concurrently with a primary or general election, the county clerk and recorder of each county in which the district or subdistrict holding the debt election is located shall perform for the district or subdistrict election the acts provided by law to be performed by such officials. If an election is not held concurrently with a primary or general election, such acts shall be performed by the secretary of the district with the assistance of such county clerk and recorders. The board of directors and such county clerk and recorders are authorized to agree among themselves upon the division of such acts and the determination of persons to perform them. (3) An elector of the district may vote in any election by absentee voter's ballot under such terms and conditions, and in substantially the same manner insofar as is practicable, as prescribed in article 13.5 of title 1, C.R.S., except as specifically modified in this article. (4) All acts required or permitted therein to be performed by a county clerk and recorder shall be performed by each one respectively in the event of a primary or general election and by the secretary or assistant secretary of the board of directors in the event of any other election, unless the services of the county clerk and recorder in each such county are contracted for, but no oath shall be administered by the secretary or assistant secretary unless he is also an officer authorized to administer oaths. (5) Application may be made for an absentee voter's ballot not more than twenty days and not less than four days before the election. (6) No consideration shall be given nor distinction made with reference to any person's affiliation or the lack thereof. (7) The return envelope for the absentee voter's ballot shall have printed on its face an affidavit substantially in the following form: "State of Colorado, County of ........., I, ............, being first duly sworn according to law, depose and say that my residence and post-office address is ....................; that I am a person qualified to vote in general elections in the State of Colorado and am a resident of the Rio Grande Water Conservation District or Water Users' Association No. .... or Special Improvement District No. .... in the Rio Grande Water Conservation District, as may be appropriate, at the time of this election. ................................................... Signature of voter Subscribed and sworn to before me this ... day of............, 20.... ................................................... (Signature of notary public, county clerk and recorder, or other officer authorized to administer oaths) (SEAL) .................................................. Title of office" (8) In any such election at which voting machines are used, the board of directors shall provide paper ballots for absentee voters containing the same question as is to be submitted to the electors by the voting machines, subject to the provisions of subsection (9) of this section. (9) The district or subdistrict may provide for mail voters to cast their mail voters' ballots on voting machines expressly provided for that purpose, if each mail voter indicates by affidavit that he or she is qualified to vote at the election and will be a mail voter, pursuant to article 13.5 of title 1, C.R.S., and all laws supplemental thereto.

C.R.S. § 37-48-180 Notice of election

37-48-180. Notice of election. Notice of such election shall be given by publication by three consecutive weekly insertions in at least one newspaper of general circulation in the district or subdistrict holding the election, as determined by the board of directors. No other notice of an election held under this article need be given, unless otherwise provided by the board. A supplemental notice may be given by publication at such times and places as the board may determine to be necessary or convenient for correcting or otherwise modifying the original notice of election or for any other purpose.

C.R.S. § 37-48-181 Polling places

37-48-181. Polling places. (1) All polling places designated by resolution for an election shall be within the territorial limits of the district or subdistrict holding the election; but, if an election of the district or subdistrict is held concurrently with a primary or general election, the polling place for each precinct located wholly or partially within the district or subdistrict shall be the polling place for such precinct for the district or subdistrict election, regardless of whether or not such polling place is within the district or subdistrict. (2) If the election of the district or subdistrict is not held concurrently with a primary or general election held under the laws of this state, there shall be one polling place in each of the election precincts which are used in the primary and general elections or in each of the consolidated precincts fixed by the board of directors.

C.R.S. § 37-48-182 Election supplies

37-48-182. Election supplies. (1) The secretary of the district shall provide at each polling place ballots or ballot labels, or both, ballot boxes or voting machines, or both, instructions, electors' affidavits, and other materials and supplies required for an election by any law; and the secretary may provide ballots and marking devices suitable for voting and for the votes on the ballots to be counted on electronic vote-tabulating devices. (2) Election officials may require the execution of an affidavit by any person desiring to vote at any election of the district or subdistrict to evidence his qualifications to vote, which affidavit shall be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.

C.R.S. § 37-48-183 Election returns

37-48-183. Election returns. (1) In the case of any election held under this article which is not held concurrently with a primary or general election, the election officials shall make their returns directly to the secretary of the district for the board of directors. (2) In the case of any election held under this article which is consolidated with any primary or general election, the returns thereof shall be made and canvassed at the time and in the manner provided by law for the canvass of the returns of such primary or general election. Such canvassing body shall certify promptly and shall transmit to the secretary of the district for the board of directors a statement of the result of the vote upon any proposition submitted under this article. (3) Upon receipt by the board of directors of election returns from election officials or upon receipt of such certificate from each such canvassing body, the board shall tabulate and declare the results of the election at any regular or special meeting held not earlier than five days following the date of the election. (4) The board of directors shall cause the results of the election to be published at least one time in at least one newspaper having general circulation in the district.

C.R.S. § 37-48-184 Debt election contests

37-48-184. Debt election contests. (1) Any election declared to have carried on an authorization to issue any bonds, by approval of the bond question, or otherwise to incur an indebtedness by approval of the question thereon may be contested by any elector of the district or subdistrict holding the debt election by suit against it as contestee and defendant in any district court of any county in which the district or subdistrict holding the election is wholly or partially situate: (a) When illegal votes have been received or legal votes rejected at the polls in sufficient numbers to change the results; (b) For any error or mistake on the part of any of the judges of election, any county clerk and recorder, the secretary of the district, or their respective officers and employees in counting or declaring the result of the election, if the error or mistake is sufficient to change the result; (c) For malconduct, fraud, or corruption on the part of any of the judges of election, any county clerk and recorder, the secretary of the district, or their respective officers and employees, if the malconduct, fraud, or corruption is sufficient to change the result; (d) When the bonds or other indebtedness is authorized to be issued for an invalid purpose; or (e) For any other cause which shows that the bonds or other indebtedness is not validly authorized at the election. (2) The style and form of process, the manner of service of process and papers, the fees of officers, and judgment for costs and execution thereon shall be according to the rules and practices of the court. (3) Before the court shall take jurisdiction of the contest, the contestor shall file with the clerk of the court a bond, with sureties, to be approved by the judge thereof, running to the district or subdistrict holding the debt election as contestee and conditioned to pay all costs in case of failure of the contestor to maintain his contest. (4) When the validity of any bond or other indebtedness election is contested, the plaintiff or plaintiffs, within thirty days after the returns of the election are canvassed and the results thereof declared and published, or last published, as the case may be, shall file with the clerk of the court a verified written complaint setting forth specifically: (a) The name of the party contesting the election and a statement that the plaintiff or each plaintiff is an elector of the district or subdistrict holding the election; (b) The proposition or propositions voted on at the election which are contested, the name of the district or the subdistrict as defendant and contestee, and the date of the election; and (c) The particular grounds of such contest. (5) No such contest shall be maintained and no election shall be set aside or held invalid unless such a complaint is filed within the period prescribed in subsection (4) of this section. (6) Except as otherwise provided in this article, the election laws pertaining to contested election cases of municipal offices as provided in part 13 of article 10 of title 31, C.R.S., of the "Colorado Municipal Election Code of 1965", as from time to time amended, shall be applicable to bond or other indebtedness elections; but any such contest shall be regarded as one contesting the outcome of the vote on the proposition authorizing the issuance of securities or otherwise incurring the indebtedness, rather than election to office, and the district or subdistrict as contestee, rather than a person declared to have been elected to office, shall be regarded as the defendant. (7) If the board of directors declares the proposition authorizing the issuance of bonds or otherwise incurring the indebtedness to have carried and no contest is duly filed or if such a contest is filed after it is favorably terminated, the board may issue the bonds or otherwise incur the indebtedness authorized at the election at one time or from time to time.

C.R.S. § 37-48-185 Covenants and other provisions in bonds

37-48-185. Covenants and other provisions in bonds. (1) Any resolution providing for the issuance of any bonds under this article payable from pledged revenues and any indenture or other instrument or proceedings pertaining thereto may at the discretion of the board of directors contain covenants or other provisions, notwithstanding that such covenants and provisions may limit the exercise of powers conferred by this article, in order to secure the payment of such bonds, in agreement with the holders of such bonds, including, without limitation, covenants or other provisions as to any one or more of the following: (a) The pledged revenues and, in the case of general obligations, the taxes to be fixed, charged, or levied and the collection, use, and disposition thereof, including, without limitation, the foreclosure of liens for delinquencies, the discontinuance of services, facilities, or use of any properties or facilities, prohibition against free service, the collection of penalties and collection costs, and the use and disposition of any moneys of the district or subdistrict issuing bonds, derived or to be derived, from any source designated; (b) The acquisition, improvement, or equipment of all or any part of properties pertaining to any project or any facilities; (c) The creation and maintenance of reserves or sinking funds to secure the payment of the principal of and the interest on any bonds or of the operation and maintenance expenses of any facilities, or part thereof, and the source, custody, security, regulation, use, and disposition of any such reserves or funds, including, without limitation, the powers and duties of any trustee with regard thereto; (d) Limitations on the powers of the district or subdistrict to acquire or operate, or permit the acquisition or operation of, any structures, facilities, or properties which may compete or tend to compete with any facilities; (e) The vesting in a corporate or other trustee or trustees of such property, rights, powers, and duties in trust as the board of directors may determine, which may include any or all of the rights, powers, and duties of the trustee appointed by the holders of bonds, and limiting or abrogating the rights of such holders to appoint a trustee, or limiting the rights, duties, and powers of such trustee; (f) Events of default, rights, and liabilities arising therefrom and the rights, liabilities, powers, and duties arising upon the breach by the district or subdistrict of any covenants, conditions, or obligations; (g) The terms and conditions upon which the holders of the bonds or of a specified portion, percentage, or amount thereof, or any trustee therefor, shall be entitled to the appointment of a receiver, which receiver may enter and take possession of any facilities or service, operate and maintain the same, prescribe fees, rates, and other charges, and collect, receive, and apply all revenues thereafter arising therefrom in the same manner as the district or subdistrict itself might do; (h) A procedure by which the terms of any resolution authorizing bonds or any other contract with any holders of district or subdistrict bonds, including, without limitation, an indenture of trust or similar instrument, may be amended or abrogated, and as to the proportion, percentage, or amount of bonds the holders of which must consent thereto, and the manner in which such consent may be given; (i) The terms and conditions upon which any or all of the bonds shall become or may be declared due before maturity and as to the terms and conditions upon which such declaration and its consequences may be waived; and may be amended or abrogated, and as to the proportion, percentage, or amount of bonds the holders of which must consent thereto, and the manner in which such consent may be given; (i) The terms and conditions upon which any or all of the bonds shall become or may be declared due before maturity and as to the terms and conditions upon which such declaration and its consequences may be waived; and (j) All such acts and things as may be necessary or convenient or desirable in order to secure the bonds or, in the discretion of the board of directors, tend to make the bonds more marketable, notwithstanding that such covenant, act, or thing may not be enumerated in this article, it being the intention of this article to give to the board of directors power to do in the name and on behalf of the district or subdistrict all things in the issuance of district or subdistrict bonds and for their security, except as expressly limited in this article.

C.R.S. § 37-48-186 Liens on pledged revenues

37-48-186. Liens on pledged revenues. (1) Revenues pledged for the payment of any bonds, as received by or otherwise credited to the district or subdistrict issuing bonds under this article, shall immediately be subject to the lien of each such pledge without any physical delivery thereof, any filing, or any further act. (2) The lien of each such pledge and the obligation to perform the contractual provisions made in the authorizing resolution or other instrument pertaining thereto shall have priority over any or all other obligations or liabilities of the district or subdistrict, except as may be otherwise provided in this article or in the resolution or other instrument, subject to any prior pledges and liens theretofore created. (3) The lien of each such pledge shall be valid and binding as against all persons having claims of any kind in tort, in contract, or otherwise against the district or subdistrict, irrespective of whether or not such persons have notice thereof.

C.R.S. § 37-48-187 Rights - powers of holders of bonds - trustees

37-48-187. Rights - powers of holders of bonds - trustees. (1) Subject to any contractual limitations binding upon the holders of any issue or series of bonds of the district or subdistrict issuing bonds under this article, or the trustee therefor, including, without limitation, the restriction of the exercise of any remedy to a specified proportion, percentage, or number of such holders, and subject to any prior or superior rights of others, any holder of bonds, or the trustee therefor, shall have the right and power, for the equal benefit and protection of all holders of bonds similarly situated: (a) By mandamus or other suit, action, or proceeding at law or in equity, to enforce his rights against the district, subdistrict, or board of directors or board of managers, or any combination thereof, or any of the officers, agents, and employees of the district or subdistrict to require and compel such district, subdistrict, or board or any of such officers, agents, or employees to perform and carry out their respective duties, obligations, or other commitments under this article and their respective covenants and agreements with the holder of any bond; (b) By action or suit in equity, to require the district or subdistrict to account as if it were the trustee of an express trust; (c) By action or suit in equity, to have a receiver appointed, which receiver may enter and take possession of any facilities and any pledged revenues for the payment of the bonds, prescribe sufficient fees, rates, and other charges derived from the facilities, and collect, receive, and apply all pledged revenues or other moneys pledged for the payment of the bonds in the same manner as the district or subdistrict itself might do in accordance with the obligations of the district or subdistrict; and (d) By action or suit in equity, to enjoin any acts or things which may be unlawful or in violation of the rights of the holder of any bonds and to bring suit thereupon.

C.R.S. § 37-48-188 Investments and securities

37-48-188. Investments and securities. (1) The board of directors of the district or subdistrict, respectively, issuing bonds under this article, subject to any contractual limitations from time to time imposed upon the district or subdistrict by any resolution authorizing the issuance of the outstanding bonds of the district or subdistrict or by any trust indenture or other proceedings pertaining thereto, may cause to be invested and reinvested any proceeds of taxes, any pledged revenues, and any proceeds of bonds issued under this article in securities meeting the investment requirements established in part 6 of article 75 of title 24, C.R.S., and may cause such proceeds of taxes, revenues, district or subdistrict bonds, and securities to be deposited in any trust bank or trust banks within or without or both within and without this state and secured in such manner and subject to such terms and conditions as the board of directors may determine, with or without the payment of any interest on such deposit, including, without limitation, time deposits evidenced by certificates of deposit. (2) Any such securities and certificates of deposit thus held may, from time to time, be sold, and the proceeds may be so reinvested or redeposited as provided in this section. (3) Sales and redemptions of any such securities and certificates of deposit thus held shall, from time to time, be made in season so that the proceeds may be applied to the purposes for which the money with which such securities and certificates of deposit were originally acquired was placed in the district or subdistrict treasury. (4) Any gain from any such investments or reinvestments may be credited to any fund or account pledged for the payment of any district or subdistrict bonds issued under this article, including any reserve therefor, or any other fund or account pertaining to a project or any facilities, or the district's or subdistrict's general fund, subject to any contractual limitations in any proceedings pertaining to outstanding district or subdistrict bonds. (5) It is lawful for any commercial bank incorporated under the laws of this state which may act as depository of the proceeds of any bonds issued under this article, any securities owned by the district or subdistrict, any proceeds of taxes, any pledged revenues, and any moneys otherwise pertaining to a project or any facilities, or any combination thereof, to furnish such indemnifying bonds and to pledge such securities as may be required by the board of directors.

C.R.S. § 37-48-189 Rents and charges

37-48-189. Rents and charges. (1) (a) The district, any subdistrict, and any political subdivision of the state of Colorado contracting with the district or subdistrict and fixing and collecting annual rentals, service charges, user fees, and other charges, or any combination thereof, are, in supplementation of the powers provided in this article, authorized to fix and collect rents, rates, fees, tolls, and other charges, in this article sometimes referred to as "service charges", for direct or indirect connection with, or the use or services of, a water system, electrical system, joint system, or other facilities, or a plan of water management, including, without limitation, connection charges, minimum charges, water use fees, and charges for the availability of service. (b) Such service charges may be charged to and collected in advance or otherwise by a district or subdistrict from any political subdivision, person, or owner or occupant of real property that is directly or indirectly connected with, or served or benefited by, any such facilities or plan of water management, and by any political subdivision from any person contracting for such connection or use or services or from the owner or occupant, or any combination thereof, of any real property that directly or indirectly is or has been or will be connected with or served or benefited by any such facilities or plan of water management, and the political subdivision or owner or occupant of any such real property shall be liable for and shall pay such service charges to the district, subdistrict, or political subdivision fixing the service charges at the time when and place where such service charges are due and payable. (c) Such service charges of the district or subdistrict may accrue from any date on which the board of directors reasonably estimates, in any resolution authorizing the issuance of any securities or other instrument pertaining thereto or in any contract with any political subdivision or person, or in any plan of water management, that any facilities or project being acquired or improved and equipped or services or benefit of such plan will be available for service or use. (2) (a) Such rents, rates, fees, tolls, and other charges, being in the nature of use or service charges, shall, as nearly as the district, subdistrict, or political subdivision fixing the service charges shall deem practicable and equitable, be reasonable, and such service charges shall be uniform throughout the district, subdistrict, or political subdivision for the same type, class, and amount of use or service of the facilities or plan of water management, and may be based or computed either on: (I) Measurements of water, flow devices, or electric meters, duly provided and maintained by the district, subdistrict, or political subdivision, or any user as approved by the district, subdistrict, or political subdivision fixing such charges; (II) The diversion or consumption of water or consumption of electricity in or on or in connection with the political subdivision, or by any person or owner or occupant of real property, making due allowance for commercial use of water and infiltration of groundwater and discharge of surface runoff to the facilities or property; (III) The number and kind of water or electric outlets on or in connection with the political subdivision, person, or real property; (IV) The water or electric fixtures or facilities in or on or in connection with the political subdivision, person, or real property; (V) The number of persons residing or working in or on or otherwise connected or identified with the political subdivision, person, or real property; (VI) The capacity of the improvements in or on or connected with the political subdivision, person, or real property; (VII) The availability of service or readiness to serve by the facilities; h the political subdivision, person, or real property; (V) The number of persons residing or working in or on or otherwise connected or identified with the political subdivision, person, or real property; (VI) The capacity of the improvements in or on or connected with the political subdivision, person, or real property; (VII) The availability of service or readiness to serve by the facilities; (VIII) The amount of surface or groundwater usage by or in connection with or for the benefit of the political subdivision, person, or owner or occupant of real property; (IX) Any other factors determining the type, class, and amount of use or service of the facilities; or (X) Any combination of any such factors. (b) Reasonable penalties may be fixed for any delinquencies, including, without limitation, interest on delinquent service charges from any date due at a rate of not exceeding one percent per month or fraction thereof, reasonable attorney fees, and other costs of collection. (3) The district, subdistrict, or political subdivision fixing the service charges shall prescribe and, from time to time when necessary, revise a schedule of such service charges, which shall comply with the terms of any contract of the district, subdistrict, or political subdivision fixing the service charges. (4) The general assembly has determined and declared that the obligations, arising from time to time, of the district, any subdistrict, any political subdivision, or any person to pay service charges fixed in connection with any facilities shall constitute general obligations of the district, subdistrict, political subdivision, or person charged with their payment; but, as such obligations accrue for current services and benefits from, and the use of, any such facilities or plan, the obligations shall not constitute an indebtedness of the district, any subdistrict, or any political subdivision within the meaning of any constitutional, charter, or statutory limitation or any other provision restricting the incurrence of any debt. (5) No board, agency, bureau, commission, or official, other than the board of directors or the board of managers of the district or subdistrict, respectively, or the governing body of the political subdivision fixing the service charges, has authority to fix, prescribe, levy, modify, supervise, or regulate the making of service charges or to prescribe, supervise, or regulate the performance of services pertaining to the facilities thereof, as authorized by this article; but this subsection (5) shall not be construed to be a limitation on the contracting powers of the board of directors or the board of managers of the district, respectively, or any subdistrict or the governing body of any such political subdivision. (6) Any service charges payable by the owners or occupants of real property and any penalties for delinquency may be certified to the boards of county commissioners of the respective counties in which the real property is located and shall then be included by them in their next annual levy for state and county purposes. Such amount so certified shall be collected in the same manner as provided in section 37-48-110 (2). The proceeds of such levy shall be paid to the district as provided in section 37-48-107 (3).

C.R.S. § 37-48-190 Miscellaneous powers

37-48-190. Miscellaneous powers. (1) The district and any subdistrict thereof shall also have the following powers: (a) To pay or otherwise defray and to contract to pay or defray, for any term not exceeding seventy-five years, without an election, except as otherwise provided in this article, the principal of, any prior redemption premiums due in connection with, any interest on, and any other charges pertaining to any securities or other obligations of the federal government, any subdistrict or the district, respectively, any political subdivision, or any person which were incurred in connection with any property thereof subsequently acquired by the district or any subdistrict and relating to either's facilities; (b) To establish, operate, and maintain facilities within the district or any subdistrict or elsewhere, across or along any public street, highway, bridge, or viaduct or any other public right-of-way or in, upon, under, or over any vacant public lands, which public lands now are, or may become, the property of a political subdivision of this state, without first obtaining a franchise from the political subdivision having jurisdiction over the same; but the district or subdistrict shall cooperate with any political subdivision having such jurisdiction, shall promptly restore any such public street, highway, bridge, or viaduct or any such other public right-of-way to its former state of usefulness as nearly as may be and shall not use the same in such manner as permanently to impair completely or materially the usefulness thereof; (c) To adopt, amend, repeal, enforce, and otherwise administer such reasonable resolutions, rules, regulations, and orders as the district or subdistrict shall deem necessary or convenient for the operation, maintenance, management, government, and use of the facilities or any plan of water management of the district or subdistrict, as the case may be, and any other facilities under its control, whether situated within or without or both within and without the territorial limits of the district or subdistrict; and (d) (I) To adopt, amend, repeal, enforce, and otherwise administer under the police power such reasonable resolutions, rules, regulations, and orders pertaining to water or electric services performed by any person through the district's or subdistrict's facilities, plan of water management, or pertaining to such facilities or plans of the district or subdistrict, any political subdivision, or any person, or any combination thereof, reasonably affecting the activities of the district or subdistrict, directly or indirectly, as the board of directors may from time to time deem necessary or convenient. (II) No such resolution, rule, regulation, or order shall be adopted or amended except by action of the board of directors on the behalf and in the name of the district or subdistrict, respectively, after a public hearing thereon is held by the board of directors, in connection with which any political subdivision owning or authorizing any facilities comparable to facilities of the district or subdistrict, as the case may be, whether therein or thereout, or both therein and thereout, and other persons of interest have an opportunity to be heard, after mailed notice of the hearing is given at least thirty days prior to the hearing by the secretary to each such political subdivision wholly or partly within the district or subdistrict proceeding under this article, and after notice of such hearing is given by publication at least once a week for three consecutive weeks in at least one newspaper of general circulation in the district or such subdistrict by the secretary to persons of interest, both known and unknown, the first publication to be made at least thirty days prior to the hearing.

C.R.S. § 37-48-191 Cooperative powers

37-48-191. Cooperative powers. (1) The district and any subdistrict have the power to utilize and may utilize private industry, by contract, to carry out the design, construction, operation, management, manufacturing, marketing, planning, and research and development functions of the district or any subdistrict proceeding under this article, unless the district or subdistrict determines that it is in the public interest to adopt another course of action. The district or subdistrict, or both, may enter into long-term contracts with private persons, not exceeding a term of seventy-five years, without an election, for the performance of any such functions of the district or subdistrict, which, in the opinion of the district or subdistrict, can desirably and conveniently be carried out by a private person under contract; but any such contract shall contain such terms and conditions as shall enable the district or subdistrict to retain reasonable supervision and control of such functions to be carried out or performed by such private persons pursuant to such contract. (2) Subject to the provisions of section 37-48-175, the district and any subdistrict have the following powers: (a) To accept contributions, grants, or loans from the state and the federal government for the purpose of financing the planning, acquisition, improvement, equipment, maintenance, and operation of any enterprise in which the district or subdistrict, or both, are authorized to engage, and to enter into contracts and cooperate with, and accept cooperation from, the federal government, the state, the subdistrict or the district, respectively, any political subdivision, any private firm, and any other person, or any combination thereof, in the planning, acquisition, improvement, equipment, maintenance, and operation, and in financing the planning, acquisition, improvement, equipment, maintenance, and operation of any such enterprise in accordance with any legislation which the general assembly, congress, the governing body of any political subdivision, the board of directors or other governing body of any private firm, any other person, or any combination thereof may have adopted prior to the adoption of this article or may thereafter adopt, under which aid, assistance, and cooperation may be furnished by such cooperating entity or entities or other persons in the planning, acquisition, improvement, equipment, maintenance, and operation, or in financing the planning, acquisition, improvement, equipment, maintenance, and operation of any such enterprise, including, without limitation, costs of engineering, architectural, and economic investigations and studies, surveys, designs, plans, working drawings, specifications, procedures, and other action preliminary to the acquisition, improvement, or equipment of any facilities, or any part thereof, and to do any and all things necessary in order to avail itself of such aid, assistance, and cooperation under any state, federal, or other legislation; (b) To enter into, without any election, joint operating or service contracts and agreements; acquisition, improvement, equipment, or disposal contracts; or other arrangements for any term not exceeding seventy-five years, with the federal government, the state, the subdistrict or the district, respectively, any political subdivision, any private firm, or any other person, or any combination thereof, concerning the facilities, and any project or property pertaining thereto, whether acquired or undertaken by the district, by the subdistrict, by the federal government, by this state, by any political subdivision of this state or any other state, or by any person; and to accept contributions, grants, or loans from the cooperating entity or entities or other persons in connection therewith; ereof, concerning the facilities, and any project or property pertaining thereto, whether acquired or undertaken by the district, by the subdistrict, by the federal government, by this state, by any political subdivision of this state or any other state, or by any person; and to accept contributions, grants, or loans from the cooperating entity or entities or other persons in connection therewith; (c) To enter into and perform without any election, when determined by the board of directors to be in the public interest, contracts and agreements, for any term not exceeding seventy-five years, with the federal government, the subdistrict or the district, respectively, the state, any political subdivision, or any person, or any combination thereof, for the provision and operation by the subdistrict or the district, respectively, of any facilities pertaining to such facilities of the district or subdistrict, as the case may be, any part thereof, or any project relating thereto, and the payment periodically thereby to the district or subdistrict of amounts at least sufficient, if any, in the determination of the board, to compensate the district or subdistrict for the cost of providing, operating, and maintaining such facilities serving the federal government, the subdistrict or the district, respectively, the state, any political subdivision, or such other person, or any combination thereof, or otherwise; (d) To enter into and perform, without any election, contracts and agreements, on a public bid basis, a competitive basis, or a negotiated basis, as the board of directors may determine, with the federal government, the subdistrict or the district, respectively, the state, any political subdivision, any private firm, or any other person, or any combination thereof, for or concerning the planning, construction, lease, other acquisition, improvement, equipment, operation, maintenance, disposal, and financing of any property pertaining to the facilities of the district or subdistrict or to any project of the district or subdistrict, including, without limitation, any contract or agreement for any term not exceeding seventy-five years, pertaining to the joint ownership of the facilities as tenants in common thereamong, providing for the exchange of water or electric power, for backup water or power, pooling of resources, the designation of a manager for any such project or facilities supervised by an engineering and operating committee of co-owners, or otherwise supervised; and otherwise to contract with water or power producers or users, or both; (e) To cooperate with and act in conjunction with the federal government or any of its engineers, officers, boards, commissions, or departments, or with the state or any of its engineers, officers, boards, commissions, or departments, or with any political subdivision or any person in the acquisition, improvement, and equipment of any facilities or any part thereof authorized for the district or subdistrict or for any other works, acts, or purposes provided for in this article and to adopt and carry out any definite plan or system of work for any such purpose; any of its engineers, officers, boards, commissions, or departments, or with any political subdivision or any person in the acquisition, improvement, and equipment of any facilities or any part thereof authorized for the district or subdistrict or for any other works, acts, or purposes provided for in this article and to adopt and carry out any definite plan or system of work for any such purpose; (f) To cooperate with the federal government, the subdistrict or district, respectively, the state, any political subdivision, or any person, or any combination thereof, by an agreement therewith by which the district or the subdistrict may: (I) Acquire and provide, without cost to the cooperating entity or entities, the land, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the acquisition, improvement, and equipment of any properties; (II) Hold the cooperating entity or entities free from and save it or them harmless from any claim for damages arising from the acquisition, improvement, equipment, maintenance, and operation of any facilities; (III) Maintain and operate any facilities in accordance with regulations prescribed by the cooperating entity or entities; and (IV) Establish and enforce regulations, if any, concerning the facilities which are satisfactory to the cooperating entity or entities; (g) To provide, by any contract for any term not exceeding seventy-five years, or otherwise, without an election: (I) For the joint use of personnel, equipment, and facilities of the district, the subdistrict, the state, any political subdivision, or any person, or any combination thereof, including, without limitation, public buildings constructed by or under the supervision of the board of directors, the state, the governing body of the political subdivision, or the board of directors or other governing body of a private firm or other person concerned, upon such terms and agreements and within such areas within the district or subdistrict, or otherwise, as may be determined, for the promotion and protection of health, comfort, safety, life, welfare, and property of the inhabitants of the district or subdistrict and any such political subdivision and any other persons of interest, and for water or electric services; (II) For the joint employment of clerks, stenographers, and other employees pertaining to the facilities or any project, now existing or hereafter established, upon such terms and conditions as may be determined for the equitable apportionment of the expenses resulting therefrom; (h) To provide for comprehensive planning and, where possible, coordinate operations of the district or subdistrict with the subdistrict or district, respectively, any and all such political subdivisions, private firms, and other persons, or any combination thereof, pertaining to water conservation and use and to the generation and use of electricity.

C.R.S. § 37-48-192 Joint action entity

37-48-192. Joint action entity. (1) The district or subdistrict and any other cooperating entity or entities relating to any project or facilities in which the district or the subdistrict is a party in interest may create a joint action entity, a separate body corporate, for the planning, construction, lease, other acquisition, improvement, equipment, operation, maintenance, disposal, and financing of any enterprise or properties relating to such project or such facilities. (2) A joint action entity may exercise the powers granted to the district or the subdistrict by this article, other than the levy or fixing and collection of taxes, assessments, and service charges and the making and revising of rules and regulations under the police power.

C.R.S. § 37-48-193 Correlative powers of political subdivisions

37-48-193. Correlative powers of political subdivisions. Any political subdivision of this state has the correlative powers to enable it to participate in cooperation with the district or any subdistrict in either's exercise of powers granted thereto by this article or otherwise granted by law.

C.R.S. § 37-48-194 Refunding

37-48-194. Refunding. (1) Any revenue bonds issued under the provisions of this article and at any time outstanding may, at any time and from time to time, be refunded by the district by the issuance of its refunding bonds in such amount as the board of directors may deem necessary to refund the principal of the bonds to be refunded, any unpaid interest thereon, and any premiums and incidental expenses necessary to be paid in connection therewith. (2) Any such refunding may be effected, whether the bonds to be refunded have matured or shall thereafter mature, either by sale of the refunding bonds and the application of the proceeds thereof, directly or indirectly, to the payment of the bonds to be refunded thereby or by exchange of the refunding bonds for the bonds to be refunded thereby, but the holders of any bonds to be so refunded shall not be compelled, without their consent, to surrender their bonds for payment or exchange prior to the date on which they are payable by maturity date, option to redeem, or otherwise or if they are called for redemption prior to the date on which they are by their terms subject to redemption by option or otherwise. Except to the extent expressly or by implication inconsistent with the terms of this article, article 54 of title 11, C.R.S., shall govern the issuance of such refunding bonds and the establishment of any escrow in connection therewith. (3) All refunding bonds issued under authority of this article shall be payable solely from revenues out of which bonds to be refunded thereby are payable or from revenues out of which bonds of the same character may be made payable under this article or any other law in effect at the time of the refunding.

C.R.S. § 37-48-195 Costs - board of managers to concur

37-48-195. Costs - board of managers to concur. (1) To the extent that the costs of the proceedings for the issuance of revenue bonds are not paid by the proceeds of the bonds, they shall be budgeted and paid out of the subdistrict preliminary fund, or from funds derived from subdistrict revenues, or from the separate subdistrict mill levy. (2) If there is a board of managers for the subdistrict, the district shall not exercise its authority to issue revenue bonds until requested by the board of managers to do so, but the board of directors of the district may, at the request of the board of managers, make the necessary determinations and conduct the necessary proceedings to authorize the issuance of such bonds prior to receipt of the request for the issuance thereof.

Source: Open US Law by Vaquill AI (CC BY 4.0)URL: https://leg.colorado.gov/sites/default/files/images/olls/crs2024-title-37.docxFetched: 10/6/2026