Civil actions by department; civil penalties for violations

Ind. Code § 37-2-7-14

in effect

Sec. 14. (a) After demand, the department may bring a civil action against a creditor for making or collecting charges in excess of those permitted by this article. An action may relate to transactions with more than one debtor. If it is found that an excess charge has been made, the court shall order the respondent to refund to the debtor or debtors the amount of the excess charge. If a creditor has made an excess charge in deliberate violation of or in reckless disregard for this article, or if a creditor has refused to refund an excess charge within a reasonable time after demand by the debtor or the department, the court may also order the respondent to pay to the debtor or debtors a civil penalty in an amount determined by the court not in excess of the greater of either the amount of the credit service or loan finance charge or ten (10) times the amount of the charge. Refunds and penalties to which the debtor is entitled pursuant to this subsection may be set off against the debtor's obligation. If a debtor brings an action against a creditor to recover an excess charge or civil penalty, an action by the department to recover for the same excess charge or civil penalty shall be stayed while the debtor's action is pending and shall be dismissed if the debtor's action is dismissed with prejudice or results in a final judgment granting or denying the debtor's claim. With respect to excess charges arising from sales made pursuant to revolving charge accounts or from loans made pursuant to revolving loan accounts, no action pursuant to this subsection may be brought more than two (2) years after the time the excess charge was made. With respect to excess charges arising from other consumer credit sales or consumer loans, no action pursuant to this subsection may be brought more than one (1) year after the due date of the last scheduled payment of the agreement pursuant to which the charge was made. If the creditor establishes by a preponderance of evidence that a violation is unintentional or the result of a bona fide error, no liability to pay a penalty shall be imposed under this subsection. (b) The department may bring a civil action against a creditor or a person acting in the creditor's behalf to recover a civil penalty for willfully violating this article, and if the court finds that the defendant has engaged in a course of repeated and willful violations of this article, it may assess a civil penalty of no more than five thousand dollars ($5,000). No civil penalty pursuant to this subsection may be imposed for violations of this article occurring more than two (2) years before the action is brought or for making unconscionable agreements or engaging in a course of fraudulent or unconscionable conduct. (c) If the department determines, after notice and opportunity for the person to be heard, that a person has violated this article, the department may, in addition to or instead of all other remedies available under this section, impose upon the person a civil penalty not greater than ten thousand dollars ($10,000) per violation. [Pre-2026 Revision Citation: 24-4.5-6-113.] As added by P.L.115-2026, SEC.97.

Source: Open US Law by Vaquill AI (CC BY 4.0)URL: https://iga.in.gov/laws/2026/ic/titles/37Fetched: 10/17/2026