Va. Code Ann. tit. 8.01, ch. 3
Va. Code Ann. tit. 8.01, ch. 3
in effectContents
section8.01-25. Survival of causes of actionsection8.01-26. Assignment of causes of actionsection8.01-27. Civil action on note or writing promising to pay moneysection8.01-27.1. Additional recovery in certain civil actions concerning checks or rejected electronic funds transferssection8.01-27.2. Civil recovery for giving bad checksection8.01-27.3. Evidence in actions regarding issuance of bad checksection8.01-27.4. Civil recovery for professional servicessection8.01-27.5. Duty of in-network providers to submit claims to health insurers; liability of covered patients for unbilled health care servicessection8.01-28. When judgment to be given in action upon contract or note unless defendant appears and denies claim under oathsection8.01-29. Procedure in actions on annuity and installment bonds, and other actions for penalties for nonperformancesection8.01-30. Procedure in actions on contracts made by several personssection8.01-31. Accounting in equitysection8.01-32. Action on lost evidences of debtsection8.01-33. Equitable relief in certain casessection8.01-34. When contribution among wrongdoers enforcedsection8.01-35. Damages for loss of income not diminished by reimbursementsection8.01-35.1. Effect of release or covenant not to sue in respect to liability and contributionsection8.01-36. Joinder of action of tort to infant with action for recovery of expenses incurred thereby and claim for recovery of expenses by infantsection8.01-37. Recovery of lost wages in action for injuries to emancipated infantsection8.01-37.1. Claims for medical services provided by United States; proof of reasonable valuesection8.01-38. Tort liability of hospitalssection8.01-38.1. Limitation on recovery of punitive damagessection8.01-39. Completion or acceptance of work not bar to action against independent contractor for personal injury, wrongful death or damage to propertysection8.01-40. Unauthorized use of name or picture of any person; punitive damages; statute of limitationssection8.01-40.1. Action for injury resulting from violation of Computer Crimes Act; limitationssection8.01-40.2. Unsolicited transmission of advertising materials by facsimile machinesection8.01-40.3. Unauthorized dissemination, etc., of criminal history record information; civil actionsection8.01-40.4. Civil action for unlawful creation of image of another or unlawful dissemination or sale of images of anothersection8.01-40.5. Publishing or distributing material harmful to minors on the Internetsection8.01-41. Wrongful distraint, attachmentsection8.01-42. Loss or injury to clothing in dyeing, dry cleaning, or launderingsection8.01-42.1. Civil action for racial, religious, or ethnic harassment, violence or vandalismsection8.01-42.2. Liability of guest for hotel damagesection8.01-42.3. Civil action for stalkingsection8.01-42.4. Civil action for trafficking in personssection8.01-42.5. Civil action for female genital mutilationsection8.01-42.6. Liability of employer for personal injury or death by wrongful actsection8.01-43. Action against parent for damage to public property by minorsection8.01-44. Action against parent for damage to private property by minorsection8.01-44.1. Immunity from civil liability of members of certain committees, etcsection8.01-44.2. Action against physician for vaccine-related injury or deathsection8.01-44.3. Divulgence of communications by qualified interpreters and communications assistantssection8.01-44.4. Action for shoplifting and employee theftsection8.01-44.5. Punitive damages for persons injured by intoxicated driverssection8.01-44.5:1. Punitive damages; hit and run driverssection8.01-44.6. Action for injury to cemetery propertysection8.01-44.7. Action for tampering with metering device and diverting servicesection8.01-45. Action for insulting wordssection8.01-46. Justification and mitigation of damagessection8.01-46.1. Disclosure of employment-related information; presumptions; causes of action; definitionssection8.01-46.2. Civil action for dissemination of intimate images to another; penaltysection8.01-47. Immunity of persons investigating or reporting certain incidents at schoolssection8.01-48. Mitigation in actions against newspapers, etcsection8.01-49. Defamatory statements in radio and television broadcastssection8.01-49.1. Liability for defamatory material on the Internetsection8.01-50. Action for death by wrongful act; how and when to be broughtsection8.01-50.1. Certification of expert witness opinion at time of service of processsection8.01-51. No action when deceased has compromised claimsection8.01-52. Amount of damagessection8.01-52.1. Admissibility of expressions of sympathysection8.01-53. Class and beneficiaries; when determinedsection8.01-54. Judgment to distribute recovery when verdict fails to do sosection8.01-55. Compromise of claim for death by wrongful actsection8.01-56. When right of action not to determine nor action to abatesection8.01-57. Liability of railroads for injury to certain employeessection8.01-58. Contributory negligence no bar to recovery; violation of safety appliance actssection8.01-59. Assumption of risk; violation of safety appliance actssection8.01-60. Contracts exempting from liability void; set-off of insurancesection8.01-61. Definition of "common carrier" as used in articlesection8.01-62. Action may embrace liability under both State and federal actssection8.01-63. Liability for death or injury to guest in motor vehiclesection8.01-64. Liability for negligence of minorsection8.01-65. Defense of lack of consent of ownersection8.01-66. Recovery of damages for loss of use of vehiclesection8.01-66.1. Remedy for arbitrary refusal of motor vehicle insurance claimsection8.01-66.1:1. Subrogation claims by underinsured motorist benefits insurersection8.01-66.2. Lien against person whose negligence causes injurysection8.01-66.3. Lien inferior to claim of attorney or personal representativesection8.01-66.4. Subrogationsection8.01-66.5. Written notice requiredsection8.01-66.6. Liability for reasonable charges for servicessection8.01-66.7. Hearing and disposal of claim of unreasonablenesssection8.01-66.8. Petition to enforce liensection8.01-66.9. Lien in favor of Commonwealth, its programs, institutions, or departments on claim for personal injuriessection8.01-66.9:1. Lien against recovery for medical treatment provided to prisonersection8.01-66.9:2. Lien in favor of the Department of Medical Assistance Services on claim for personal injuriessection8.01-66.10. Death claims settled by compromise or suitsection8.01-66.11. Necessity for settlement or judgmentsection8.01-66.12. Term physician to include chiropractorsection8.01-67. Definitions; persons under a disability; fiduciarysection8.01-68. Jurisdictionsection8.01-69. Commencement of suit; partiessection8.01-70. Repealedsection8.01-72. When death to abate such suitsection8.01-73. Guardian ad litem to be appointedsection8.01-74. Leases on behalf of persons under disability; new leasessection8.01-75. Who not to be purchasersection8.01-76. How proceeds from disposition to be secured and applied; when same may be paid oversection8.01-77. What proceeds of sale to pass as real estatesection8.01-78. Alternate procedure for sale of real estate of person under disabilitysection8.01-79. Same; reference of petition to commissionersection8.01-80. Same; action of court on report; application of proceeds of transactionsection8.01-81. Who may compel partition of land; jurisdiction; validation of certain partitions of mineral rights; when shares of two or more laid off togethersection8.01-81.1. Determination of valuesection8.01-82. Repealedsection8.01-83. Allotment to one or more parties, or sale, in lieu of partitionsection8.01-83.1. Open-market sale, sealed bids, or auctionsection8.01-83.2. Notice by postingsection8.01-83.3. Commissionerssection8.01-84. Application of proceeds of sale to payment of liensection8.01-85. Disposition of share in proceeds of person under disabilitysection8.01-86. Repealedsection8.01-87. Validation of certain partitions prior to act of 1922section8.01-88. Decree of partition to vest legal titlesection8.01-89. When proceeds of sale deemed personal estatesection8.01-90. When name or share of parties unknownsection8.01-91. Effect of partition or sale on lessee's rightssection8.01-92. Allowance of attorney fees out of unrepresented sharessection8.01-93. Partition of goods, etc., by sale, if necessarysection8.01-94. When sold, leased or exchangedsection8.01-95. Procedure in such casesection8.01-96. Decree for sale; how made; bond of commissionersection8.01-97. Delinquent taxes to be ascertainedsection8.01-98. Sales of land when purchase price insufficient to pay taxes, etcsection8.01-99. Bond required of special commissioner for salesection8.01-100. Liability of clerk for false certificate or failure to give bondsection8.01-101. Purchasers relieved of liability for purchase money paid to such commissionersection8.01-102. Purchasers not required to see to application of purchase moneysection8.01-103. Special commissioner or other person appointed to do so to receive purchase money, etc.; liability of clerk for failure to give notice of appointmentsection8.01-104. Repealedsection8.01-105. Rule against special commissioner, purchaser, etc., for judgment for amounts duesection8.01-106. How cause heard upon rule and judgment renderedsection8.01-107. Trial by jury of issues made upon rulesection8.01-108. When sureties of commissioner, purchaser, etc., proceeded against by rulesection8.01-109. Commission for selling, collecting, etc.; each piece of property to constitute separate salesection8.01-110. Appointment of special commissioner to execute deed, etc.; effect of deedsection8.01-111. What such deed to showsection8.01-112. Reinstatement of cause to appoint special commissioner to make deedsection8.01-113. When title of purchaser at judicial sale not to be disturbedsection8.01-114. When property to be taken by officer; summary of evidence, affidavits and report to be filedsection8.01-115. Bond required as prerequisitesection8.01-116. Return of property to defendant or other claimantsection8.01-117. Exceptions to sufficiency of bondssection8.01-118. Repealedsection8.01-119. Hearing to review issuance of order or process under § 8.01-114 or to consider request for such order or processsection8.01-120. No verdict as to some items; omission of price or valuesection8.01-121. Final judgmentsection8.01-122. Charges for keeping propertysection8.01-123. Recovery of damages sustained for property withheld during appealsection8.01-124. Motion for judgment in circuit court for unlawful entry or detainersection8.01-125. When summons returnable to circuit court; jurysection8.01-126. (Effective until July 1, 2027) Summons for unlawful detainer issued by magistrate or clerk or judge of a general district courtsection8.01-127. Repealedsection8.01-128. Verdict and judgment; damagessection8.01-129. Appeal from judgment of general district courtsection8.01-130. Judgment not to bar action of trespass, ejectment, or unlawful detainersection8.01-130.01. Unlawful detainer; expungementsection8.01-130.1. Remedy for rent and for use and occupationsection8.01-130.2. Who may recover rent or compensationsection8.01-130.3. Who is liable for rentsection8.01-130.4. When and by whom distress madesection8.01-130.5. Procedure for trial on warrant in distresssection8.01-130.6. On what goods levied; to what extent goods liable; priorities between landlord and other lienorssection8.01-130.7. Procedure when distress levied and tenant unable to give forthcoming bond; what defense may be madesection8.01-130.8. Review of decision to issue ex parte order or process; claim of exemptionsection8.01-130.9. On what terms purchasers and lienors inferior to landlord may remove goods; certain liens not affectedsection8.01-130.10. When goods of a sublessee may be removed from leased premisessection8.01-130.11. When officer may enter by force to levy distress or attachmentsection8.01-130.12. When distress not unlawful because of irregularity, etcsection8.01-130.13. Return of execution; process of sale thereundersection8.01-131. Action of ejectment retained; when and by whom broughtsection8.01-132. What interest and right plaintiff must havesection8.01-133. Who shall be defendants; when and how landlord may defendsection8.01-134. How action commenced and prosecutedsection8.01-135. What is to be stated in motion for judgmentsection8.01-136. How premises describedsection8.01-137. Plaintiff to state how he claimssection8.01-138. There may be several counts and several plaintiffssection8.01-139. What proof by plaintiff is sufficientsection8.01-140. Effect of reservation in deed; burden of proofsection8.01-141. When action by cotenants, etc., against cotenants, what plaintiff to provesection8.01-142. Verdict when action against several defendantssection8.01-143. When there may be several judgments against defendantssection8.01-144. Recovery of part of premises claimedsection8.01-145. When possession of part not possession of wholesection8.01-146. When vendee, etc., entitled to conveyance of legal title, vendor cannot recoversection8.01-147. When mortgagee or trustee not to recoversection8.01-148. Right of defendant to resort to equity not affectedsection8.01-149. Verdict when jury finds for plaintiffs or any of themsection8.01-150. Verdict when any plaintiff has no rightsection8.01-151. How verdict to specify premises recoveredsection8.01-152. How verdict to specify undivided interest or sharesection8.01-153. Verdict to specify estate of plaintiffsection8.01-154. When right of plaintiff expires before trial, what judgment enteredsection8.01-155. How judgment for plaintiff enteredsection8.01-156. Authority of sheriffs, etc., to store and sell personal property removed from premises; recovery of possession by owner; disposition or salesection8.01-157. Repealedsection8.01-158. How claim of plaintiff for profits and damages assessedsection8.01-159. When court to assess damagessection8.01-160. Defendant to give notice of claim for improvementssection8.01-161. How allowedsection8.01-162. Postponement of assessment and allowancesection8.01-163. Judgment to be conclusivesection8.01-164. Recovery of mesne profits, etc., not affectedsection8.01-165. Writ of right, etc., abolishedsection8.01-166. How defendant may apply therefor, and have judgment suspendedsection8.01-167. How damages of plaintiff assessedsection8.01-168. For what timesection8.01-169. How value of improvements determined in favor of defendantsection8.01-170. If allowance for improvements exceed damages, what to be donesection8.01-171. Verdict for balance, after offsetting damages against improvementssection8.01-172. Balance for defendant a lien on the landsection8.01-173. How tenant for life, paying for improvements, reimbursedsection8.01-174. Exception as to mortgagees and trusteessection8.01-175. When plaintiff may require his estate only to be valued; how determined; how he may elect to relinquish his title to defendantsection8.01-176. How payment of such value to be made by defendant; when land sold thereforsection8.01-177. When such value to be deemed real estatesection8.01-178. When and how defendant, if evicted, may recover from plaintiff amount paidsection8.01-178.1. Waste; who is liablesection8.01-178.2. Civil action for waste; double damagessection8.01-178.3. Waste for tenant to sell or remove manure from leased premisessection8.01-178.4. Waste committed during pendency of actionsection8.01-179. Motion for judgment to establish boundary linessection8.01-180. Parties defendant; pleadingssection8.01-181. Surveyssection8.01-182. Claims to rents, etc., not consideredsection8.01-183. Recordation and effect of judgmentsection8.01-184. Power to issue declaratory judgmentssection8.01-184.1. Declaratory judgment to adjudicate constitutional nexussection8.01-185. Venuesection8.01-186. Further reliefsection8.01-187. Commissioners, condemnation jurors, or court to determine compensation for property taken or damagedsection8.01-188. Jury trialsection8.01-189. Injunctionsection8.01-190. Costssection8.01-191. Construction of articlesection8.01-192. How claims to be prosecutedsection8.01-193. Defense and hearingsection8.01-194. Jury may be impaneled; judgmentsection8.01-195. No judgment to be paid without special appropriationsection8.01-195.1. Short titlesection8.01-195.2. Definitionssection8.01-195.3. Commonwealth, transportation district or locality liable for damages in certain casessection8.01-195.4. Jurisdiction of claims under this article; right to jury trial; service on Commonwealth or locality; amending amount of claimsection8.01-195.5. Settlement of certain casessection8.01-195.6. Notice of claimsection8.01-195.7. Statute of limitationssection8.01-195.8. Release of further claimssection8.01-195.9. Claims evaluation programsection8.01-195.10. Purpose; action by the General Assembly required; definitionssection8.01-195.11. Compensation for wrongful incarcerationsection8.01-195.12. Conditions for continued compensationsection8.01-195.13. Compensation for certain intentional actssection8.01-196. Comptroller to institute proceedingssection8.01-197. In what name; when not to abatesection8.01-198. Action, against whom institutedsection8.01-199. Judgment, nature ofsection8.01-200. Mistakes against State correctedsection8.01-201. Execution; real estate to be soldsection8.01-202. Execution, to whom issuedsection8.01-203. Goods and chattels liable before real estatesection8.01-204. Notice of sale of real estate; when sale to be madesection8.01-205. How sale madesection8.01-206. Terms of salesection8.01-207. Who to collect purchase money and make deed; disposition of proceeds of salesection8.01-208. When successor of officer to make deedsection8.01-209. Bond for purchase money to have force of judgmentsection8.01-210. Judgment against deceased obligorssection8.01-211. When venditioni exponas issued to sheriff of adjacent county; what to containsection8.01-212. Officer to deliver to sheriff goods and chattels levied onsection8.01-213. Where same to be soldsection8.01-214. Where real estate to be soldsection8.01-215. Return of officer when sale not made because of prior encumbrancesection8.01-216. Comptroller's power to adjust old claimssection8.01-216.1. Citationsection8.01-216.2. Definitionssection8.01-216.3. (Effective November 1, 2026) False claims; civil penaltysection8.01-216.4. Attorney General; investigation, civil actionsection8.01-216.5. Civil actions filed by private persons; Commonwealth may intervenesection8.01-216.6. Rights of private plaintiff and Commonwealthsection8.01-216.7. Award to private plaintiffsection8.01-216.8. Certain actions barred; relief from employment discrimination; waiver of sovereign immunitysection8.01-216.9. Procedure; statute of limitationssection8.01-216.10. Civil investigative demands; issuance; sharing informationsection8.01-216.11. Civil investigative demands; contents and deadlinessection8.01-216.12. Civil investigative demands; protected material or informationsection8.01-216.13. Civil investigative demands; service and jurisdictionsection8.01-216.14. Civil investigative demands; documentary materialsection8.01-216.15. Civil investigative demands; interrogatoriessection8.01-216.16. Civil investigative demands; oral examinationssection8.01-216.17. Civil investigative demands; custodian of documents; answerssection8.01-216.18. Civil investigative demands; judicial proceedings for noncompliancesection8.01-216.19. Application of the Rules of the Supreme Courtsection8.01-217. How name of person may be changedsection8.01-218. Replevin abolishedsection8.01-219. Effect of judgment in troversection8.01-219.1. Responsibility of possessor of real property for harm to trespassersection8.01-220. Action for alienation of affection, breach of promise, criminal conversation and seduction abolishedsection8.01-220.1. Defense of interspousal immunity abolished as to certain causes of action arising on or after July 1, 1981section8.01-220.1:1. Civil immunity for officers, partners, members, managers, trustees and directors of certain tax exempt organizationssection8.01-220.1:2. Civil immunity for teachers under certain circumstancessection8.01-220.1:3. Immunity for members of church, synagogue or religious bodysection8.01-220.1:4. Civil immunity for officers and directors of certain nonprofit organizationssection8.01-220.1:5. Defense of intra-family immunity abolished for wrongful death actionssection8.01-220.2. Repealedsection8.01-221. Damages from violation of statute, remedy therefor and penaltysection8.01-221.1. Unestablished business damages; lost profitssection8.01-221.2. Rescission; undue influence; attorney feessection8.01-222. Repealedsection8.01-223. Lack of privity no defense in certain casessection8.01-223.1. Use of constitutional rightssection8.01-223.2. Immunity of persons for statements made at public hearing or communicated to third partysection8.01-224. Defense of governmental immunity not available to certain persons in actions for damages from blasting, etcsection8.01-225. Persons rendering emergency care, obstetrical services exempt from liabilitysection8.01-225.1. Immunity for team physicianssection8.01-225.01. Certain immunity for health care providers during disasters under specific circumstancessection8.01-225.2. Immunity for those rendering emergency care to animalssection8.01-225.02. Certain liability protection for health care providers during disasterssection8.01-225.03. Certain immunity for certain hospices, home care organizations, private providers, assisted living facilities, and adult day centers during a disaster under specific circumstancessection8.01-225.3. Immunity for volunteer first responders en route to an emergencysection8.01-226. Duty of care to law-enforcement officers, firefighters, etcsection8.01-226.1. Civil immunity when participating in Lawyers Helping Lawyerssection8.01-226.2. Civil immunity for licensed professional engineers and licensed architects participating in rescue or relief assistancesection8.01-226.3. Civil immunity for officers, directors and members of certain crime information-gathering organizationssection8.01-226.4. Civil immunity for hospice volunteerssection8.01-226.5. Immunity for installers and inspectors of child restraint devicessection8.01-226.5:1. Civil immunity for school board employees supervising self-administration of certain medicationsection8.01-226.5:2. Immunity of hospital and emergency medical services agency personnel for the acceptance of certain infantssection8.01-226.6. Repealedsection8.01-226.7. Owner and agent compliance with residential lead-based paint notification; maintenance immunitysection8.01-226.8. Civil immunity for public and nonprofit corporation officials and private volunteers participating in certain programs for probationerssection8.01-226.9. Exemption from civil liability in connection with arrest or detention of person suspected of shopliftingsection8.01-226.10. Civil immunity for causing the arrest of a person for a bad checksection8.01-226.11. Civil immunity for operation of victim notification programsection8.01-226.12. Duty of landlord and managing agent with respect to visible moldsection8.01-226.13. Limited standing to seek injunctive relief against manufacturing companiessection8.01-227. Remedy by motion on certain bonds given or taken by officers; noticesection8.01-227.1. Repealedsection8.01-227.4. Definitionssection8.01-227.5. Persons who may bring action; persons against whom actions may be brought; damages recoverablesection8.01-227.6. Law-enforcement officer or agency; health care provider not liable under certain conditionssection8.01-227.7. Statute of limitationssection8.01-227.8. Definitionssection8.01-227.9. Civil immunity for space flight entitiessection8.01-227.10. Warning requiredsection8.01-227.11. Definitionssection8.01-227.12. Warnings and other winter sports area operator requirementssection8.01-227.13. Winter sports area trail mapssection8.01-227.14. Freestyle terrainsection8.01-227.15. Winter sports area vehiclessection8.01-227.16. Passenger tramwayssection8.01-227.17. Duties and responsibilities of winter sports participants and certain other individualssection8.01-227.18. Helmetssection8.01-227.19. Assumption of riskssection8.01-227.20. Liability of winter sports area operatorsection8.01-227.21. Common law regarding minorssection8.01-227.22. Failure to fulfill duty or responsibility not negligence per sesection8.01-227.23. Applicability of article
Source: Open US Law by Vaquill AI (CC BY 4.0)URL: https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title8.01/chapter3/Fetched: 10/16/2026