USC Chapter 89

USC Chapter 89
in effect

42 U.S.C. § 8001 Congressional findings

The Congress finds that— (1) congregate housing, coordinated with the delivery of supportive services, offers an innovative, proven, and cost-effective means of enabling temporarily disabled or handicapped individuals to maintain their dignity and independence and to avoid costly and unnecessary institutionalization; (2) a large and growing number of elderly and handicapped residents of public housing projects and of nonprofit projects for the elderly and handicapped face premature and unnecessary institutionalization because of the absence of or deficiencies in the availability, adequacy, coordination, or delivery of the supportive services required for the successful development of adequate numbers of congregate housing projects; and (3) supplemental supportive services, available on a secure and continuing basis, are essential to a successful congregate housing program.

42 U.S.C. § 8002 Definitions

For the purpose of this chapter— (1) the term “congregate housing” means (A) low-rent housing which, as of January 1, 1979, was built or under construction, with which there is connected a central dining facility where wholesome and economical meals can be served to such occupants; or (B) low-rent housing constructed after, but not under construction prior to, January 1, 1979, connected with which there is a central dining facility to provide wholesome and economical meals for such occupants; (2) the term “congregate services programs” means programs to be undertaken by a public housing agency or a nonprofit corporation to provide assistance, including personal assistance and nutritional meals, to eligible project residents who, with such assistance, can remain independent and avoid unnecessary institutionalization; (3) the term “elderly” means sixty-two years of age or over; (4) the term “eligible project resident” means elderly handicapped individuals, nonelderly handicapped individuals, or temporarily disabled individuals, who are residents of congregate housing projects administered by a public housing agency or by a nonprofit corporation; (5) the term “handicapped” means having an impairment which (A) is expected to be of long-continued and indefinite duration, and (B) substantially impedes an individual’s ability to live independently unless the individual receives supportive congregate services; such impairment may include a functional disability or frailty which is a normal consequence of the human aging process; (6) the term “personal assistance” means service provided under this chapter which may include, but is not limited to, aid given to eligible project residents in grooming, dressing, and other activities which maintain personal appearance and hygiene; (7) the term “professional assessment committee” means a group of at least three persons appointed by a local public housing agency or a nonprofit corporation and shall include qualified medical professionals and other persons professionally competent to appraise the functional abilities of elderly or permanently disabled adult persons, or both, in relation to the performance of the normal tasks of daily living; (8) the term “temporarily disabled” means an impairment which (A) is expected to be of no more than six months’ duration, and (B) substantially impedes an individual’s ability to live independently unless the individual receives supportive congregate services; and (9) the term “nonprofit corporation” means any corporation responsible for a housing project assisted under section 1701q of title 12.

42 U.S.C. § 8003 Contracts to provide congregate services programs

The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development (hereinafter referred to as the “Secretary”) is authorized to enter into contracts with local public housing agencies under the United States Housing Act of 1937 [42 U.S.C. 1437 et seq.] (hereinafter referred to as “public housing agencies”) and with nonprofit corporations, utilizing sums appropriated under this chapter, to provide congregate services programs for eligible project residents in order to promote and encourage maximum independence within a home environment for such residents capable of self-care with appropriate supportive congregate services. Each contract between the Secretary and a public housing agency or nonprofit corporation shall be for a term of not less than three years or more than five years and shall be renewable at the expiration of such term. Each public housing agency or nonprofit corporation entering into such a contract shall be reserved a sum equal to its total approved contract amount from the moneys authorized and appropriated for the fiscal year in which the notification date of funding approval falls.

42 U.S.C. § 8004 Congregate services program

(a) Essential services for maintaining independent livingCongregate services programs assisted under this chapter must include full meal service adequate to meet nutritional needs, and may also include housekeeping aid, personal assistance, and other services essential for maintaining independent living. (b) Duplication of servicesNo services funded under this chapter may duplicate services which are already affordable, accessible, and sufficiently available on a long-term basis to eligible project residents under programs administered by or receiving appropriations through any department, agency, or instrumentality of the Federal Government or any other public or private department, agency, or organization. (c) Consultation with Area Agency on Aging or other appropriate State agencyA public housing agency or nonprofit corporation applying for assistance to provide congregate services to elderly residents shall consult with the Area Agency on Aging (or, where no Area Agency on Aging exists, with the appropriate State agency under the Older Americans Act of 1965 [42 U.S.C. 3001 et seq.]) in determining the means of providing services under this chapter and in identifying alternative available sources of funding for such services. (d) Submission of proposed application to Area Agency on Aging or other appropriate State agencyPrior to the submission of a final application for either new or renewed funding under this chapter for the provision of congregate services to elderly residents, a public housing agency and a nonprofit corporation shall present a copy of a proposed application to the Area Agency on Aging (or, where no Area Agency on Aging exists to the appropriate State agency under the Older Americans Act of 1965 [42 U.S.C. 3001 et seq.]) for review and comment. Such agency and nonprofit corporation shall consider such review and comment in the development of any final application for either new or renewed funding under this chapter. (e) Nonelderly handicapped individuals as eligible project residents(1) A public housing agency or nonprofit corporation applying for assistance to provide congregate services to nonelderly handicapped residents shall consult with the appropriate agency, if any, designated by applicable State law as having responsibility for the development, provision, or identification of social services to permanently disabled adults, for the purpose of determining the means of providing services under this chapter and of identifying alternative available sources of funding for such services. (2) Such public housing agency and nonprofit corporation shall also, prior to the submission of a final application for either new or renewed funding under this chapter, present a copy of the proposed application to such appropriate agency for review and comment. The public housing agency and nonprofit corporation shall consider such review and comment in the development of any final application for either new or renewed funding under this chapter. (f) Manner of providing congregate servicesAny nonprofit corporation or public housing agency receiving assistance under this chapter may provide congregate services directly to eligible project residents or may, by contract or lease, provide such services through other appropriate agencies or providers. (g) Amount of annual contributions of receiving agencyNonprofit corporations and public housing agencies receiving assistance for congregate services programs under this chapter shall be required to maintain the same dollar amount of annual contribution which they were making, if any, in support of the provision of services eligible for assistance under this chapter before the date of the submission of the application for such assistance unless the Secretary determines that the waiver of this requirement is necessary for the maintenance of adequate levels of services to eligible project residents. If any contract or lease entered into by a public housing agency or nonprofit corporation pursuant to subsection (f) of this section provides for adjustments in payments for services to reflect changes in the cost of living, then the amount of annual contribution required to be maintained by such public agency or nonprofit corporation under the preceding sentence shall be readjusted in the same manner. (h) Fees for meal and other servicesEach nonprofit corporation and public housing agency shall establish fees for meal service and other appropriate services provided to eligible project residents. These fees shall be reasonable, may not exceed the cost of providing the service, and shall be calculated on a sliding scale related to income which permits the provision of services to such residents who cannot afford meal and service fees. When meal services are provided to other project residents, fees shall be reasonable and may not exceed the cost of providing the meal service. (i) Standards for provision of servicesThe Secretary shall establish standards for the provision of services under this chapter, and, in developing such service standards, the Secretary shall consult with the Secretary of Health and Human Services and with appropriate organizations representing the elderly and handicapped, as determined by the Secretary.

42 U.S.C. § 8005 Eligibility for services

(a) Professional assessment committee for determination of eligibilityThe identification of project residents eligible to participate in a congregate services program assisted under this chapter, and the designation of the services appropriate to their individual functional abilities and needs, shall be made by a professional assessment committee. Such committee shall utilize procedures which insure that the process of determining eligibility of individuals for services under this title shall accord such individuals fair treatment and due process and a right of appeal of such determination of eligibility, and shall also assure the confidentiality of personal and medical records. (b) Participation of other residents in meal services programOther residents may participate in a congregate meal service program assisted under this chapter if the local public housing agency or nonprofit corporation determines that the participation of these individuals will not adversely affect the cost-effectiveness or operation of the program. (c) Notification of change in membership of professional assessment committeeAny public housing agency or nonprofit corporation receiving assistance under this chapter shall notify the Secretary of any change in the membership of the professional assessment committee within thirty days of such change. Such notification shall list the names and professional qualifications of new members of the committee. (d) Procedure for changes in membership of professional assessment committeeProcedures shall be established to insure that changes in the membership of the professional assessment committee are consistent with the requirements of section 8002(7) of this title.

42 U.S.C. § 8006 Application procedure for assistance

(a) Matters included in applicationAn application for assistance under this chapter shall include—(1) a plan specifying the types and priorities of the basic services the public housing agency or nonprofit corporation proposes to provide during the term of the contract; such plan must be related to the needs and characteristics of the eligible project residents and, to the maximum extent practicable, provide for the changing needs and characteristics of all project residents; such plan shall be determined after consultation with eligible project residents and with the professional assessment committee; (2) a list of names and professional qualifications of the members of the professional assessment committee; (3) the fee schedule established pursuant to section 8004(h) of this title; (4) any comment received in connection with any review of a proposed application pursuant to section 8004(d) or 8004(e)(2) of this title; and (5) a statement affirming (A) that the nonprofit corporation or public housing agency has followed the consultation procedures required in subsections (c), (d), and (e) of section 8004 of this title, and (B) that such application complies with subsection (b) of such section. (b) Deadlines for submission of applicationThe Secretary shall establish appropriate deadlines for each fiscal year for the submission of applications for funding under this chapter and shall notify any public housing agency and nonprofit corporation applying for assistance under this chapter of acceptance or rejection of its application within ninety days of such submission. (c) Review of performance of services program prior to submission of application for renewed fundingWithin twelve months prior to the submission of an application for renewed funding under this chapter, each nonprofit corporation and public housing agency shall review the performance, appropriateness, and fee schedules of their congregate services program with eligible project residents and with the professional assessment committee. The results of such review shall be included in any application for renewal and shall be considered in the development of the application for renewal by the nonprofit corporation or public housing agency and in its evaluation by the Secretary.

42 U.S.C. § 8007 Evaluation of applications and programs

(a) Application evaluationsIn evaluating applications for assistance under this chapter, the Secretary shall consider—(1) the types and priorities of the basic services proposed to be provided, and the relationship of such proposal to the needs and characteristics of the eligible residents of the projects where the services are to be provided; (2) how quickly services will be established following approval of the application; (3) the degree to which local social services are adequate for the purpose of assisting eligible project residents to maintain independent living and avoid unnecessary institutionalization; (4) the professional qualifications of the members of the professional assessment committee; and (5) the reasonableness of fee schedules established for each congregate service. (b) Program evaluationsIn evaluating programs receiving assistance under this chapter, the Secretary shall—(1) establish procedures for the review and evaluation of the performance of nonprofit corporations and public housing agencies receiving assistance under this chapter, including provisions for the submission of an annual report, by each such nonprofit corporation and public housing agency, which evaluates the impact and effectiveness of its congregate services program; and (2) publish annually and submit to the Congress, a report on and evaluation of the impact and effectiveness of congregate services programs assisted under this chapter. Such report and evaluation shall be based, in part, on the evaluations required to be submitted pursuant to paragraph (1). (c) Report to Congress(1) The Secretary shall contract with a university or qualified research institution to produce a report—(A) documenting the number of elderly living in federally assisted housing at risk of institutionalization; (B) studying and comparing alternative delivery systems in the States, including the congregate housing services program, to provide services to older persons in assisted congregate housing; (C) assessing existing and potential financial resources at the Federal, State, and local levels for the support of congregate housing services; and (D) making legislative recommendations as to the feasibility of permitting State housing agencies and other appropriate State agencies to participate and operate the program on a matching grant basis. (2) The Secretary shall submit the report to the Congress not later than September 30, 1988.

42 U.S.C. § 8008 Funding procedures

(a) The Secretary shall establish procedures—(1) to assure timely payments to nonprofit corporations and public housing agencies for approved assisted congregate services programs with provision made for advance funding sufficient to meet necessary startup costs; (2) to permit reallocation of funds approved for the establishment of congregate services in existing public housing projects and projects assisted under section 1701q of title 12 if the services are not established within six months of the notification date of funding approval; (3) to assure that where such funding has been approved for the establishment of congregate services for public housing projects and projects assisted under section 1701q of title 12 under construction or approved for construction, these services shall be in place at the start of the project’s occupancy by tenants requiring such services for maintaining independent living; (4) to establish accounting and other standards in order to prevent any fraudulent or inappropriate use of funds under this chapter; and (5) to assure that no more than 1 per centum of the funds appropriated under this chapter for any fiscal year may be used by public housing agencies and nonprofit corporations for evaluative purposes as required by section 8007(b)(1) of this title. (b) The Secretary shall establish a reserve fund, not to exceed 10 per centum of the funds appropriated in each fiscal year for the provision of services under this chapter, in order to supplement grants awarded to public housing agencies and nonprofit corporations under this chapter when, in the determination of the Secretary, such supplemental adjustments are required to maintain adequate levels of services to eligible project residents.

42 U.S.C. § 8009 Miscellaneous provisions

(a) Utilization of elderly and permanently disabled adult personsEach public housing agency and nonprofit corporation shall, to the maximum extent practicable, utilize elderly and permanently disabled adult persons who are residents of public housing projects or projects assisted under section 1701q of title 12, but who are not eligible project residents, to participate in providing the services assisted under this chapter. Such persons shall be paid wages which shall not be lower than whichever is the highest of—(1) the minimum wage which would be applicable to the employee under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 [29 U.S.C. 201 et seq.], if section 6(a)(1) of such Act [29 U.S.C. 206(a)(1)] applied to the resident and if he or she were not exempt under section 13 [29 U.S.C. 213] thereof; (2) the State or local minimum wage for the most nearly comparable covered employment; or (3) the prevailing rates of pay for persons employed in similar public occupations by the same employer. (b) Tax treatment of services receivedNo service provided to a public housing resident or to a resident of a housing project assisted under section 1701q of title 12 under this chapter, except for wages paid under subsection (a) of this section, may be treated as income for the purpose of any other program or provision of State or Federal law. (c) Individuals receiving aid considered residents of own householdIndividuals receiving services assisted under this chapter shall be deemed to be residents of their own households, and not to be residents of a public institution, for the purpose of any other program or provision of State or Federal law. (d) RegulationsThe Secretary may issue regulations to carry out the provisions of this chapter.

42 U.S.C. § 8010 Authorization of appropriations

(a) There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this chapter $10,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 1988 and 1989. (b) Sums appropriated pursuant to this section shall remain available until expended.

42 U.S.C. § 8011 Revised congregate housing services program

(a) Findings and purposes(1) FindingsThe Congress finds that—(A) the effective provision of congregate services may require the redesign of units and buildings to meet the special physical needs of the frail elderly persons and the creation of congregate space to accommodate services that enhance independent living; (B) congregate housing, coordinated with the delivery of supportive services, offers an innovative, proven, and cost-effective means of enabling frail older persons and persons with disabilities to maintain their dignity and independence; (C) independent living with assistance is a preferable housing alternative to institutionalization for many frail older persons and persons with disabilities; (D) 365,000 persons in federally assisted housing experience some form of frailty, and the number is expected to increase as the general population ages; (E) an estimated 20 to 30 percent of older adults living in federally assisted housing experience some form of frailty; (F) a large and growing number of frail elderly residents face premature or unnecessary institutionalization because of the absence of or deficiencies in the availability, adequacy, coordination, or delivery of supportive services; (G) the support service needs of frail residents of assisted housing are beyond the resources and experience that housing managers have for meeting such needs; (H) supportive services would promote the invaluable option of independent living for nonelderly persons with disabilities in federally assisted housing; (I) approximately 25 percent of congregate housing services program sites provide congregate services to young individuals with disabilities; (J) to the extent that institutionalized older adults do not need the full costly support provided by such care, public moneys could be more effectively spent providing the necessary services in a noninstitutional setting; and (K) the Congregate Housing Services Program, established by Congress in 1978, and similar programs providing in-home services have been effective in preventing unnecessary institutionalization and encouraging deinstitutionalization. (2) PurposesThe purposes of this section are—(A) to provide assistance to retrofit individual dwelling units and renovate public and common areas in eligible housing to meet the special physical needs of eligible residents; (B) to create and rehabilitate congregate space in or adjacent to such housing to accommodate supportive services that enhance independent living; (C) to improve the capacity of management to assess the service needs of eligible residents, coordinate the provision of supportive services that meet the needs of eligible residents and ensure the long-term provision of such services; (D) to provide services in federally assisted housing to prevent premature and inappropriate institutionalization in a manner that respects the dignity of the elderly and persons with disabilities; (E) to provide readily available and efficient supportive services that provide a choice in supported living arrangements by utilizing the services of an on-site coordinator, with emphasis on maintaining a continuum of care for the vulnerable elderly; (F) to improve the quality of life of older Americans living in federally assisted housing; (G) to preserve the viability of existing affordable housing projects for lower-income older residents who are aging in place by assisting managers of such housing with the difficulties and challenges created by serving older residents; (H) to develop partnerships between the Federal Government and State governments in providing services to the frail elderly and persons with disabilities; and (I) to utilize Federal and State funds in a more cost-effective and humane way in serving the needs of older adults. (b) Contracts for congregate services programs(1) In generalThe Secretary of Housing and Urban Development and the Secretary of Agriculture (through Administrator of the Farmers Home Administration) shall enter into contracts with States, Indian tribes, units of general local government and local nonprofit housing sponsors, utilizing any amounts appropriated under subsection (n)—(A) to provide congregate services programs for eligible project residents to promote and encourage maximum independence within a home environment for such residents capable of self-care with appropriate supportive services; or (B) to adapt housing to better accommodate the physical requirements and service needs of eligible residents. (2) Term of contractsEach contract between the Secretary concerned and a State, Indian tribe, or unit of general local government, or local nonprofit housing sponsor, shall be for a term of 5 years and shall be renewable at the expiration of the term, except as otherwise provided in this section. (c) Reservation of amountsFor each State, Indian tribe, unit of general local government, and nonprofit housing sponsor, receiving a contract under this subsection,11 So in original. Probably should be “section,”. the Secretary concerned shall reserve a sum equal to the total approved contract amount from the amount authorized and appropriated for the fiscal year in which the notification date of funding approval occurs. (d) Eligible activities(1) In generalA congregate services program under this section shall provide meal and other services for eligible project residents (and other residents and nonresidents, as provided in subsection (e)), as provided in this section, that are coordinated on site. (2) Meal servicesCongregate services programs assisted under this section shall include meal service adequate to meet at least one-third of the daily nutritional needs of eligible project residents, as follows:(A) Supplemental nutrition assistance program benefits and agricultural commoditiesIn providing meal services under this paragraph, each congregate services program—(i) shall—(I) apply for approval as a retail food store under section 2018 of title 7; and (II) if approved under such section, accept benefits as payment from individuals to whom such meal services are provided; and (ii) shall request, and use to provide such meal services, agricultural commodities made available without charge by the Secretary of Agriculture. (B) Preference for nutrition providersIn contracting for or otherwise providing for meal services under this paragraph, each congregate services program shall give preference to any provider of meal services who—(i) receives assistance under title III of the Older Americans Act of 1965 [42 U.S.C. 3021 et seq.]; or (ii) has experience, according to standards as the Secretary shall require, in providing meal services in a housing project under the Congregate Housing Services Act of 1978 [42 U.S.C. 8001 et seq.] or any other program for congregate services. (3) Retrofit and renovationAssistance under this section may be provided with respect to eligible housing for the elderly for—(A) retrofitting of individual dwelling units to meet the special physical needs of current or future residents who are or are expected to be eligible residents, which retrofitting may include—(i) widening of doors to allow passage by persons with disabilities in wheelchairs into and within units in the project; (ii) placement of light switches, electrical outlets, thermostats and other environmental controls in accessible locations; (iii) installation of grab bars in bathrooms or the placement of reinforcements in bathroom walls to allow later installation of grab bars; (iv) redesign of usable kitchens and bathrooms to permit a person in a wheelchair to maneuver about the space; and (v) such other features of adaptive design that the Secretary finds are appropriate to meet the special needs of such residents; (B) such renovation as is necessary to ensure that public and common areas are readily accessible to and usable by eligible residents; (C) renovation, conversion, or combination of vacant dwelling units to create congregate space to accommodate the provision of supportive services to eligible residents; (D) renovation of existing congregate space to accommodate the provision of supportive services to eligible residents; and (E) construction or renovation of facilities to create conveniently located congregate space to accommodate the provision of supportive services to eligible residents. For purposes of this paragraph, the term “congregate space” shall include space for cafeterias or dining halls, community rooms or buildings, workshops, adult day health facilities, or other outpatient health facilities, or other essential service facilities. (4) Service coordinatorAssistance under this section may be provided with respect to the employment of one or more individuals (hereinafter referred to as “service coordinator”) who may be responsible for—(A) working with the professional assessment committee established under subsection (f) 22 So in original. Probably should be subsection “(e)”. on an ongoing basis to assess the service needs of eligible residents; (B) working with service providers and the professional assessment committee to tailor the provision of services to the needs and characteristics of eligible residents; (C) mobilizing public and private resources to ensure that the qualifying supportive services identified pursuant to subsection (d) can be funded over the time period identified under such subsection; (D) monitoring and evaluating the impact and effectiveness of any supportive service program receiving capital or operating assistance under this section; and (E) performing such other duties and functions that the Secretary deems appropriate to enable frail elderly persons residing in federally assisted housing to live with dignity and independence. The Secretary shall establish such minimum qualifications and standards for the position of service coordinator that the Secretary deems necessary to ensure sound management. Such qualifications and standards shall include requiring each service coordinator to be trained in the aging process, elder services, disability services, eligibility for and procedures of Federal and applicable State entitlement programs, legal liability issues relating to providing service coordination, drug and alcohol use and abuse by the elderly, and mental health issues. The Secretary may fund the employment of service coordinators by using amounts appropriated under this section and by permitting owners to use existing sources of funds, including excess project reserves. (5) Other servicesCongregate services programs assisted under this section may include services for transportation, personal care, dressing, bathing, toileting, housekeeping, chore assistance, nonmedical counseling, assessment of the safety of housing units, group and socialization activities, assistance with medications (in accordance with any applicable State law), case management, personal emergency response, and other services to prevent premature and unnecessary institutionalization of eligible project residents. (6) Determination of needsIn determining the services to be provided to eligible project residents under a congregate services program assisted under this section, the program shall provide for consideration of the needs and wants of eligible project residents. (7) Fees(A) Eligible project residentsThe owner of each eligible housing project shall establish fees for meals and other services provided under a congregate services program to eligible project residents, which shall be sufficient to provide 10 percent of the costs of the services provided. The Secretary concerned shall provide for the waiver of fees under this paragraph for individuals whose incomes are insufficient to provide for any payment. The fees for meals shall be in the following amounts:(i) Full meal servicesThe fees for residents receiving more than 1 meal per day, 7 days per week, shall be reasonable and shall equal between 10 and 20 percent of the adjusted income of the project resident (as such income is determined under section 3(b) of the United States Housing Act of 1937 [42 U.S.C. 1437a(b)]), or the cost of providing the services, whichever is less. (ii) Less than full meal servicesThe fees for residents receiving meal services less frequently than as described in the preceding sentence shall be in an amount equal to 10 percent of such adjusted income of the project resident or the cost of providing the services, whichever is less. (B) Other residents and nonresidentsFees shall be established under this paragraph for residents of eligible housing projects (other than eligible project residents) and for nonresidents that receive services from a congregate services program pursuant to subsection (e). Such fees shall be in an amount equal to the cost of providing the services. (8) Direct and indirect provision of servicesAny State, Indian tribe, unit of general local government, or nonprofit housing sponsor that receives assistance under this section may provide congregate services directly to eligible project residents or may, by contract or lease, provide such services through other appropriate agencies or providers. (e) Eligibility for services(1) Eligible project residentsAny eligible resident who is a resident of an eligible housing project (or who with deinstitutionalization and appropriate supportive services under this section could become a resident of eligible federally assisted housing) shall be eligible for services under a congregate services program assisted under this section. (2) Economic needIn providing services under a congregate services program, the program shall give consideration to serving eligible project residents with the greatest economic need. (3) Identification(A) In generalA professional assessment committee under subparagraph (B) shall identify eligible project residents under paragraph (1) and shall designate services appropriate to the functional abilities and needs of each eligible project resident. The committee shall utilize procedures that ensure that the process of determining eligibility of individuals for congregate services shall accord such individuals fair treatment and due process and a right of appeal of the determination of eligibility, and shall also ensure the confidentiality of personal and medical records. (B) Professional assessment committeeA professional assessment committee under this section shall consist of not less than 3 individuals, who shall be appointed to the committee by the officials of the eligible housing project responsible for the congregate services program, and shall include qualified medical and other health and social services professionals competent to appraise the functional abilities of the frail elderly and persons with disabilities in relation to the performance of tasks of daily living. (4) Eligibility of other residentsThe elderly and persons with disabilities who reside in an eligible housing project other than eligible project residents under paragraph (1) may receive services from a congregate services program under this section if the housing managers, congregate service coordinators, and the professional assessment committee jointly determine that the participation of such individuals will not negatively affect the provision of services to eligible project residents. Residents eligible for services under this paragraph shall pay fees as provided under subsection (d). (5) Eligibility of nonresidentsThe Secretary may permit the provision of services to elderly persons and persons with disabilities who are not residents if the participation of such persons will not adversely affect the cost-effectiveness or operation of the program or add significantly to the need for assistance under this section. (f) Eligible contract recipients and distribution of assistanceThe Secretary concerned may provide assistance under this section and enter into contracts under subsection (b) with—(1) owners of eligible housing; (2) States that submit applications in behalf of owners of eligible housing; and (3) Indian tribes and units of general local government that submit applications on behalf of owners of eligible housing. (g) ApplicationsThe funds made available under this section shall be allocated by the Secretary among approvable applications submitted by or on behalf of owners. Applications for assistance under this section shall be submitted in such form and in accordance with such procedures as the Secretary shall establish. Applications for assistance shall contain—(1) a description of the type of assistance the applicant is applying for; (2) in the case of an application involving rehabilitation or retrofit, a description of the activities to be carried out, the number of elderly persons to be served, the costs of such activities, and evidence of a commitment for the services to be associated with the project; (3) a description of qualifying supportive services that can reasonably be expected to be made available to eligible residents over a 5-year period; (4) a firm commitment from one or more sources of assistance ensuring that some or all of the qualifying supportive services identified under paragraph (3) will be provided for not less than 1 year following the completion of activities assisted under subsection (d); (5) a description of public or private sources of assistance that are likely to fund or provide qualifying supportive services, including evidence of any intention to provide assistance expressed by State and local governments, private foundations, and other organizations (including for-profit and nonprofit organizations); (6) a certifications 33 So in original. Probably should be “certification”. from the appropriate State or local agency (as determined by the Secretary) that—(A) the provision of the qualifying supportive services identified under paragraph (3) will enable eligible residents to live independently and avoid unnecessary institutionalization, (B) there is a reasonable likelihood that such services will be funded or provided for the entire period specified under paragraph (3), and (C) the agency and the applicant will, during the term of the contract, actively seek assistance for such services from other sources; (7) a description of any fees that would be established pursuant to subsection (d); and (8) such other information or certifications that the Secretary determines to be necessary or appropriate to achieve the purposes of this section. The Secretary shall act on each application within 60 days of its submission. (h) Selection and evaluation of applications and programs(1) In generalEach Secretary concerned shall establish criteria for selecting States, Indian tribes, units of general local government, and local nonprofit housing sponsors to receive assistance under this section, and shall select such entities to receive assistance. The criteria for selection shall include consideration of—(A) the extent to which the activities described in subsection (d)(3) will foster independent living and the provision of such services; (B) the types and priorities of the basic services proposed to be provided, the appropriateness of the targeting of services, the methods of providing for deinstitutionalized older individuals and individuals with disabilities, and the relationship of the proposal to the needs and characteristics of the eligible residents of the projects where the services are to be provided; (C) the schedule for establishment of services following approval of the application; (D) the degree to which local social services are adequate for the purpose of assisting eligible project residents to maintain independent living and avoid unnecessary institutionalization; (E) the professional qualifications of the members of the professional assessment committee; (F) the reasonableness and application of fees schedules established for congregate services; (G) the adequacy and accuracy of the proposed budgets; and (H) the extent to which the owner will provide funds from other services in excess of that required by this section. (2) Evaluation of provision of congregate services programsThe Secretary of Housing and Urban Development and the Secretary of Agriculture shall, by regulation under subsection (n),44 So in original. Probably should be subsection “(m),”. establish procedures for States, Indian tribes, and units of general local government receiving assistance under this section—(A) to review and evaluate the performance of the congregate services programs of eligible housing projects receiving assistance under this section in such State; and (B) to submit annually, to the Secretary concerned, a report evaluating the impact and effectiveness of congregate services programs in the entity assisted under this section. (i) Congregate services program funding(1) Cost distribution(A) Contribution requirementIn providing contracts under subsection (b), each Secretary concerned shall provide for the cost of providing the congregate services program assisted under this section to be distributed as follows:(i) Each State, Indian tribe, unit of general 55 So in original. Probably should be “general local”. government, or nonprofit housing sponsor that receives amounts under a contract under subsection (b) shall supplement any such amount with amounts sufficient to provide 50 percent of the cost of providing the congregate services program. Any monetary or in-kind contributions received by a congregate services program under the Congregate Housing Services Act of 1978 [42 U.S.C. 8001 et seq.] may be considered for purposes of fulfilling the requirement under this clause. The Secretary concerned shall encourage owners to use excess residual receipts to the extent available to supplement funds for retrofit and supportive services under this section. (ii) The Secretary concerned shall provide 40 percent of the cost, with amounts under contracts under subsection (b). (iii) Fees under subsection (d)(7) shall provide 10 percent of the cost. (B) Exceptions(i) For any congregate services program that was receiving assistance under a contract under the Congregate Housing Services Act of 1978 [42 U.S.C. 8001 et seq.] on November 28, 1990,66 See Codification note below. the unit of general local government or nonprofit housing sponsor, in coordination with a local government with respect to such program shall not be subject to the requirement to provide supplemental contributions under subparagraph (A)(i) (for such program) for the 6-year period beginning on the expiration of the contract for such assistance. The Secretary concerned shall require each such program to maintain, for such 6-year period, the same dollar amount of annual contributions in support of the services eligible for assistance under this section as were contributed to such program during the year preceding November 28, 1990.6 (ii) To the extent that the limitations under subsection (d)(7) regarding the percentage of income eligible residents may pay for services will result in collected fees for any congregate services program of less than 10 percent of the cost of providing the program, 50 percent of such remaining costs shall be provided by the recipient of amounts under the contract and 50 percent of such remaining costs shall be provided by the Secretary concerned under such contract. (C) Eligible supplemental contributionsIf provided by the State, Indian tribe, unit of general local government, or local nonprofit housing sponsor, any salary paid to staff from governmental sources to carry out the program of the recipient and salary paid to residents employed by the program (other than from amounts under a contract under subsection (b) of this section), and any other in-kind contributions from governmental sources shall be considered as supplemental contributions for purposes of meeting the supplemental contribution requirement under subparagraph (A)(i), except that the amount of in-kind contributions considered for purposes of fulfilling such contribution requirement may not exceed 10 percent of the total amount to be provided by the State, Indian tribe, local government, or local nonprofit housing sponsor. (D) Prohibition of substitution of fundsThe Secretary concerned shall require each State, Indian tribe, unit of general local government, and local nonprofit housing sponsor, that receives assistance under this section to maintain the same dollar amount of annual contribution that such State, Indian tribe, local government, or sponsor was making, if any, in support of services eligible for assistance under this section before the date of the submission of the application for such assistance. (E) LimitationFor purposes of complying with the requirement under subparagraph (A)(i), the appropriate Secretary concerned may not consider any amounts contributed or provided by any local government to any State receiving assistance under this section that exceed 10 percent of the amount required of the State under subparagraph (A)(i). (2) ConsultationThe Secretary shall consult with the Secretary of Health and Human Services regarding the availability of assistance from other Federal programs to support services under this section and shall make information available to applicants for assistance under this section. (j) Miscellaneous provisions(1) Use of residents in providing servicesEach housing project that receives assistance under this section shall, to the maximum extent practicable, utilize the elderly and persons with disabilities who are residents of the housing project, but who are not eligible project residents, to participate in providing the services provided under congregate services programs under this section. Such individuals shall be paid wages that shall not be lower than the higher of—(A) the minimum wage that would be applicable to the employee under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 [29 U.S.C. 201 et seq.], if section 6(a)(1) of such Act [29 U.S.C. 206(a)(1)] applied to the resident and if the resident were not exempt under section 13 of such Act [29 U.S.C. 213]; (B) the State of 77 So in original. Probably should be “or”. local minimum wage for the most nearly comparable covered employment; or (C) the prevailing rates of pay for persons employed in similar public occupations by the same employer. (2) Effect of servicesExcept for wages paid under paragraph (1) of this subsection, services provided to a resident of an eligible housing project under a congregate services program under this section may not be considered as income for the purpose of determining eligibility for or the amount of assistance or aid furnished under any Federal, federally assisted, or State program based on need. (3) Eligibility and priority for 1978 Act recipientsNotwithstanding any other provision of this section, any public housing agency, housing assisted under section 1701q of title 12, or nonprofit corporation that was receiving assistance under a contract under the Congregate Housing Services Act of 1978 [42 U.S.C. 8001 et seq.] on November 5, 1990,6 shall (subject to approval and allocation of sufficient amounts under the Congregate Housing Services Act of 1978 and appropriations Acts under such Act) receive assistance under the Congregate Housing Services Act of 1978 for the remainder of the term of the contract for assistance for such agency or corporation under such Act, and shall receive priority for assistance under this section after the expiration of such period. (4) Administrative cost limitationA recipient of assistance under this section may not use more than 10 percent of the sum of such assistance and the contribution amounts required under subsection (i)(1)(A)(i) for administrative costs and shall ensure that any entity to which the recipient distributes amounts from such sum may not expend more than a reasonable amount from such distributed amounts for administrative costs. Administrative costs may not include any capital expenses. (k) DefinitionsFor purposes of this section:(1) The term “activity of daily living” means an activity regularly necessary for personal care and includes bathing, dressing, eating, getting in and out of bed and chairs, walking, going outdoors, and using the toilet. (2) The term “case management” means assessment of the needs of a resident, ensuring access to and coordination of services for the resident, monitoring delivery of services to the resident, and periodic reassessment to ensure that services provided are appropriate to the needs and wants of the resident. (3) The term “congregate housing” means low-rent housing that is connected to a central dining facility where wholesome and economical meals can be served to the residents. (4) The term “congregate services” means services described in subsection (d) of this section. (5) The term “congregate services program” means a program assisted under this section undertaken by an eligible housing project to provide congregate services to eligible residents. (6) The term “eligible housing project” means—(A) public housing (as such term is defined in section 3(b) of the United States Housing Act of 1937 [42 U.S.C. 1437a(b)]) and lower income housing developed or operated pursuant to a contract between the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development and an Indian housing authority under title II 88 See References in Text note below. of the United States Housing Act of 1937; (B) housing assisted under section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937 [42 U.S.C. 1437f] with a contract that is attached to the structure under subsection (d)(2) of such section or with a contract entered into in connection with the new construction or moderate rehabilitation of the structure under section 8(b)(2) of the United States Housing Act,8 as such section existed before October 1, 1983; (C) housing assisted under section 1701q of title 12; (D) housing assisted under section 1715l(d) or 1715z–1 of title 12, with respect to which the owner has made a binding commitment to the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development not to prepay the mortgage or terminate the insurance contract under section 1715t of title 12 (unless the binding commitments have been made to extend the low-income use restrictions relating to such housing for the remaining useful life of the housing); (E) housing assisted under section 1484 or 1485 of this title, with respect to which the owner has made a binding commitment to the Secretary of Agriculture not to prepay or refinance the mortgage (unless the binding commitments have been made to extend the low-income use restrictions relating to such housing for not less than the 20-year period under section 1472(c)(4) of this title); and (F) housing assisted under section 1486 of this title. (7) The term “eligible resident” means a person residing in eligible housing for the elderly who qualifies under the definition of frail elderly, person with disabilities (regardless of whether the person is elderly), or temporarily disabled. (8) The term “frail elderly” means an elderly person who is unable to perform at least 3 activities of daily living adopted by the Secretary for purposes of this program. Owners may establish additional eligibility requirements (acceptable to the Secretary) based on the standards in local supportive services programs. (9) The term “Indian tribe” means any Indian tribe, band, nation, or other organized group or community, including any Alaska Native village or regional corporation as defined in or established pursuant to the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act [43 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.], that is recognized as eligible for the special programs and services provided by the United States to Indians because of their status as Indians. (10) The term “instrumental activity of daily living” means a regularly necessary home management activity and includes preparing meals, shopping for personal items, managing money, using the telephone, and performing light or heavy housework. (11) The term “local nonprofit housing sponsor” includes public housing agencies (as such term is defined in section 3(b)(6) of the United States Housing Act of 1937 [42 U.S.C. 1437a(b)(6)].99 So in original. Probably should be preceded by a closing parenthesis. (12) The term “nonprofit”, as applied to an organization, means no part of the net earnings of the organization inures, or may lawfully inure, to the benefit of any private shareholder or individual. (13) The term “elderly person” means a person who is at least 62 years of age. (14) The term “person with disabilities” has the meaning given the term by section 8013 of this title. (15) The term “professional assessment committee” means a committee established under subsection (e)(3)(B). (16) The term “qualifying supportive services” means new or significantly expanded services that the Secretary deems essential to enable eligible residents to live independently and avoid unnecessary institutionalization. Such services may include but not be limited to (A) meal service adequate to meet nutritional need; (B) housekeeping aid; (C) personal assistance (which may include, but is not limited to, aid given to eligible residents in grooming, dressing, and other activities which maintain personal appearance and hygiene); (D) transportation services; (E) health-related services; and (F) personal emergency response systems; the owner may provide the qualifying services directly to eligible residents or may, by contract or lease, provide such services through other appropriate agencies or providers. (17) The term “Secretary concerned” means—(A) the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, with respect to eligible federally assisted housing administered by such Secretary; and (B) the Secretary of Agriculture, with respect to eligible federally assisted housing administered by the Administrator of the Farmers Home Administration. (18) The term “State” means the States of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, the Virgin Islands, American Samoa, the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, and any other territory or possession of the United States. (19) The term “temporarily disabled” means having an impairment that—(A) is expected to be of no more than 6 months duration; and (B) impedes the ability of the individual to live independently unless the individual receives congregate services. (20) The term “unit of general local government”—(A) means any city, town, township, county, parish, village, or other general purpose political subdivision of a State; and (B) includes a unit of general government acting as an applicant for assistance under this section in cooperation with a nonprofit housing sponsor and a nonprofit housing sponsor acting as an applicant for assistance under this section in cooperation with a unit of general local government, as provided under subsection (g)(1)(B).1010 So in original. Probably should be subsection “(h)(1)(B).” (l) Reports to Congress(1) In generalEach Secretary concerned shall submit to the Congress, for each fiscal year for which assistance is provided for congregate services programs under this section, an annual report—(A) describing the activities being carried out with assistance under this section and the population being served by such activities; (B) evaluating the effectiveness of the program of providing assistance for congregate services under this section, and a comparison of the effectiveness of the program under this section with the HOPE for Elderly Independence Program under section 8012 of this title; and (C) containing any other information that the Secretary concerned considers helpful to the Congress in evaluating the effectiveness of this section. (2) Submission of data to Secretary concernedThe Secretary of Housing and Urban Development and the Secretary of Agriculture shall provide, by regulation under subsection (m), for the submission of data by recipients of assistance under this section to be used in the repeat 1111 So in original. Probably should be “report”. required by paragraph (1). (m) RegulationsThe Secretary of Housing and Urban Development and the Secretary of Agriculture shall, not later than the expiration of the 180-day period beginning on November 28, 1990, jointly issue any regulations necessary to carry out this section. (n) Authorization of appropriations(1) Authorization and useThere are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $21,000,000 for fiscal year 1993, and $21,882,000 for fiscal year 1994, of which not more than—(A) the amount of such sums appropriated that, with respect to the total amount appropriated, represents the ratio of the total number of units of eligible federally assisted housing for elderly individuals assisted by programs administered by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to the total number of units assisted by programs administered by such Secretary and the Secretary of Agriculture, shall be used for assistance for congregate services programs in eligible federally assisted housing administered by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development: 1212 So in original. The colon probably should be a semicolon. and (B) the amount of such sums appropriated that, with respect to the total amount appropriated, represents the ratio of the total number of units of eligible federally assisted housing for elderly individuals assisted by programs administered by the Secretary of Agriculture to the total number of units assisted by programs administered by such Secretary and the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, shall be used for assistance for congregate services programs in eligible federally assisted housing administered by the Secretary of Agriculture (through the Administrator of the Farmers Home Administration). (2) AvailabilityAny amounts appropriated under this subsection shall remain available until expended. (o) Reserve fundThe Secretary may reserve not more than 5 percent of the amounts made available in each fiscal year to supplement grants awarded to owners under this section when, in the determination of the Secretary, such supplemental adjustments are required to maintain adequate levels of services to eligible residents.

42 U.S.C. § 8012 Hope for elderly independence

(a) PurposeThe purpose of this section is to establish a demonstration program to test the effectiveness of combining housing certificates and vouchers with supportive services to assist frail elderly persons to continue to live independently. The demonstration program under this section shall terminate upon the expiration of the 5-year period determined by the Secretary. (b) Housing assistanceIn connection with this demonstration, the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development may enter into contracts with public housing agencies to provide not more than 1,500 incremental vouchers and certificates under sections 1437f(b) and 1437f(o) of this title. A public housing agency may not require that a frail elderly person live in a particular structure or unit, but the agency may restrict the program under this section to a geographic area, where necessary to ensure that the provision of supportive services is feasible. At the end of the demonstration period, the public housing agency shall give each frail elderly person the option to continue to receive assistance under the housing certificate or voucher program of the agency. In the demonstration, the Secretary may also provide for supportive services in connection with existing contracts for housing assistance under sections 1437f(b) and 1437f(o) of this title. (c) Supportive services requirements and matching funding(1) Federal, PHA and,11 So in original. The comma probably should precede “and”. individual contributionsThe amount estimated by the public housing agency and approved by the Secretary as necessary to provide the supportive services for the demonstration period shall be funded as follows:(A) The Secretary shall provide 40 percent, using amounts appropriated under this section. (B) The public housing agency shall ensure the provision of at least 50 percent from sources other than under this section. (C) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, each frail elderly person shall pay 10 percent of the costs of the supportive services that the person receives, except that a frail elderly person may not be required to pay an amount that exceeds 20 percent of the adjusted income (as the term is defined in section 1437a(b)(5) of this title) of such person and the Secretary shall provide for the waiver of the requirement to pay costs under this subparagraph for persons whose income is determined to be insufficient to provide for any payment. (D) To the extent that the limitation under subparagraph (C) regarding the percentage of income frail elderly persons may pay for services will result in collected amounts for any public housing agency of less than 10 percent of the cost of providing the services, 50 percent of such remaining costs shall be provided by the public housing agency and 50 percent of such remaining costs shall be provided by the Secretary from amounts appropriated under this section. (2) Provision of services for entire demonstrationEach public housing agency shall ensure that supportive services appropriate to the needs of the frail elderly persons to be served under this demonstration are provided throughout the demonstration period. Expenditures for supportive services need not be made in equal amounts for each year, but may vary depending on the needs of the frail elderly persons assisted under this section. A public housing agency may use up to 20 percent of the Federal assistance provided for supportive services in each year of this demonstration and any amounts from any prior year in which the public housing agency did not use 20 percent of the available Federal assistance. (3) Calculation of matchIn determining compliance with paragraph (1)(B), an agency may include the value of such items as the Secretary determines to be appropriate, which may include the salary paid to staff to provide supportive services, if such items have a readily discernible market value. (d) ApplicationsAn application under this section shall be submitted by a public housing agency in such form and in accordance with such procedures as the Secretary shall establish. The Secretary shall require that an application contain at a minimum—(1) an application for housing assistance under section 1437f of this title, if necessary, and a description of any such assistance already made available that will be used in the demonstration; (2) a description of the size and characteristics of the population of frail elderly persons and of their housing and supportive services needs; (3) a description of the proposed method of determining whether a person qualifies as a frail elderly person (specifying any additional eligibility requirements proposed by the agency), and of selecting frail elderly persons to participate; (4) a statement that the public housing agency will create a professional assessment committee or will work with another entity which will assist the public housing agency in identifying and providing only services that each frail elderly person needs to remain living independently; (5) a description of the mechanisms for developing housing and supportive services plans for each person and for monitoring the person’s progress in meeting that plan; (6) the identity of the proposed service providers and a statement of qualifications; (7) a description of the supportive services the public housing agency proposes to make available for the frail elderly persons to be served, the estimated costs of such services, a description of the resources that are expected to be made available to cover the portion of the costs required by subsection (c)(1); (8) assurances satisfactory to the Secretary that the supportive services will be provided for the demonstration period; (9) the plan for coordinating the provision of housing assistance and supportive services; (10) a description of how the public housing agency will ensure that the service providers are providing supportive services, at a reasonable cost, adequate to meet the needs of the persons to be served; (11) a plan for continuing supportive services to frail elderly persons that continue to receive housing assistance under section 1437f of this title after the end of the demonstration period; and (12) a statement that the application has been developed in consultation with the area agency on aging under title III of the Older Americans Act of 1965 [42 U.S.C. 3021 et seq.] and that the public housing agency will periodically consult with the area agency during the demonstration. (e) Selection(1) CriteriaThe Secretary shall establish selection criteria for a national competition for assistance under this section, which shall include—(A) the ability of the public housing agency to develop and operate the proposed housing assistance and supportive services program; (B) the need for a program providing both housing assistance and supportive services for frail elderly persons in the area to be served; (C) the quality of the proposed program for providing supportive services; (D) the extent to which the proposed funding for the supportive services is or will be available; (E) the extent to which the program would meet the needs of the frail elderly persons proposed to be served by the program; and (F) such other factors as the Secretary specifies to be appropriate for purposes of carrying out the demonstration program established by this section in an effective and efficient manner. (2) Consultation with HHSIn reviewing the applications, the Secretary shall consult with the Secretary of Health and Human Services with respect to the supportive services aspects. (3) Funding limitationsNo more than 10 percent of the assistance made available under this section may be used for programs located within any one unit of general local government. (f) Required agreementsThe Secretary may not approve any assistance for any program under this section unless the public housing agency agrees—(1) to operate the proposed program in accordance with the program requirements established by the Secretary; (2) to conduct an ongoing assessment of the housing assistance and supportive services required by each frail elderly person participating in the program; (3) to ensure the adequate provision of supportive services, at a reasonable cost, to each frail elderly person participating in the program; and (4) to comply with such other terms and conditions as the Secretary may establish for purposes of carrying out the program in an effective and efficient manner. (g) DefinitionsFor purposes of this section:(1) The term “demonstration period” means the 5-year period referred to in subsection (a). (2) The term “elderly person” means a person who is at least 62 years of age. (3) The term “frail elderly person” means an elderly person who is unable to perform at least 3 activities of daily living adopted by the Secretary for purposes of this program. Owners may establish additional eligibility requirements (acceptable to the Secretary) based on the standards in local supportive services programs. (4) The term “professional assessment committee” means a group of at least 3 persons appointed by a public housing agency which shall include at least 1 qualified medical professional and other persons professionally competent to appraise the functional abilities of the frail elderly in relation to the performance of activities of daily living. (5) The term “public housing agency” has the meaning given such term in section 1437a(b)(6) of this title. The term includes an Indian Housing Authority, as defined in section 1437a(b)(11) 22 See References in Text note below. of this title. (6) The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development. (7) The term “supportive services”—(A) means assistance, that the Secretary determines—(i) addresses the special needs of frail elderly persons; and (ii) provides appropriate supportive services or assists such persons in obtaining appropriate services, including personal care, case management services, transportation, meal services, counseling, supervision, and other services essential for achieving and maintaining independent living; and (B) does not include medical services, as determined by the Secretary. (h) Multifamily project demonstration(1) In generalIn addition to the demonstration program authorized by the preceding provisions of this section, the Secretary shall conduct a demonstration in one Federal region, subject to the terms and conditions of this subsection, to determine the feasibility of using housing assistance under section 1437f of this title to assist elderly persons who may become frail to live independently in housing specifically designed for occupancy by such persons in sufficient proportion to achieve economies of scale in the provision of services and facilities. (2) Section 1437f allocationFrom amounts provided pursuant to subsection (j) and subject to availability in appropriation Acts, the Secretary shall enter into a contract with a public housing agency to provide housing assistance under section 1437f(b) of this title to assist elderly persons in at least 75 percent of the units in a single housing project with more than 100 units. (3) Section 1437f termsThe assistance payment contract under section 1437f of this title shall be attached to the structure and shall be in an initial term of 5 years. The contract shall (at the option of the public housing agency and subject to availability of amounts approved in appropriations Acts) be renewable for 3 additional 5-year terms. Rents for units in the project assisted pursuant to this subsection shall be subject to the rent limitations in effect for the area under section 1437f of this title for projects for the elderly receiving loans under section 1701q of title 12. (4) Supportive servicesThe Secretary shall allocate, for the project assisted pursuant to this subsection, a reasonable portion of the amounts appropriated pursuant to the authorization for funds for supportive services in subsection (k), based on the estimated number of project residents who will be frail elderly individuals during the 5-year period beginning on the date of initial occupancy of the project. Grants for supportive services may be used to assist any occupant in the demonstration project who is a frail elderly individual. Grants for supportive services under this subsection shall be subject to the other terms and conditions specified in this section. (5) ApplicationsAn application for assistance under this subsection may be submitted by any unit of general local government with a population under 50,000 and shall contain such information as the Secretary deems appropriate. (6) SelectionThe Secretary shall select one application for funding under this subsection based on the following criteria:(A) The number of elderly persons residing in the applicant’s jurisdiction. (B) The extent of existing housing constructed prior to 1940 in the applicant’s jurisdiction. (C) The number of elderly persons living in adjacent projects to whom the services and facilities provided by the project would be available. (D) The level of State and local contributions toward the cost of developing the project and of providing supportive services. (E) The project’s contribution to neighborhood improvement. (i) ReportThe Secretary shall submit to Congress an annual report evaluating the effectiveness of the demonstrations under this section. The report shall include a statement of the number of persons served, the types of services provided, the cost of providing such services, and any other information the Secretary considers appropriate in evaluating the demonstration. (j) Section 1437f fundingThe budget authority available under section 1437c(c) of this title for assistance under sections 1437f(b) and 1437f(o) of this title is authorized to be increased by $38,288,000 on or after October 1, 1992, and by $39,896,096 on or after October 1, 1993. The amounts made available under this subsection shall be used only in connection with the demonstration under this section. (k) Funding for servicesThere are authorized to be appropriated for the Secretary to carry out the responsibilities for supportive services under the demonstrations under this section $10,000,000 to become available in fiscal year 1993, and $10,420,000 to become available in fiscal year 1994. Any such amounts appropriated under this subsection shall remain available until expended. (l) ImplementationNot later than the expiration of the 180-day period beginning on the date that funds authorized for the demonstrations under this section first become available for obligation, the Secretary shall by notice establish such requirements as may be necessary to carry out the demonstration programs authorized under this section.

42 U.S.C. § 8013 Supportive housing for persons with disabilities

(a) PurposeThe purpose of this section is to enable persons with disabilities to live with dignity and independence within their communities by expanding the supply of supportive housing that—(1) is designed to accommodate the special needs of such persons; (2) makes available supportive services that address the individual health, mental health, and other needs of such persons; and (3) promotes and facilitates community integration for people with significant and long-term disabilities. (b) Authority to provide assistanceThe Secretary is authorized to take the following actions:(1) Tenant-based assistanceTo provide tenant-based rental assistance to eligible persons with disabilities, in accordance with subsection (d)(4). (2) Capital advancesTo provide assistance to private, nonprofit organizations to expand the supply of supportive housing for persons with disabilities, which shall be provided as—(A) capital advances in accordance with subsection (d)(1), and (B) contracts for project rental assistance in accordance with subsection (d)(2); assistance under this paragraph may be used to finance the acquisition, acquisition and moderate rehabilitation, construction, reconstruction, or moderate or substantial rehabilitation of housing, including the acquisition from the Resolution Trust Corporation, to be used as supportive housing for persons with disabilities and may include real property acquisition, site improvement, conversion, demolition, relocation, and other expenses that the Secretary determines are necessary to expand the supply of supportive housing for persons with disabilities. (3) Project rental assistance(A) In generalTo offer additional methods of financing supportive housing for non-elderly adults with disabilities, the Secretary shall make funds available for project rental assistance pursuant to subparagraph (B) for eligible projects under subparagraph (C). The Secretary shall provide for State housing finance agencies and other appropriate entities to apply to the Secretary for such project rental assistance funds, which shall be made available by such agencies and entities for dwelling units in eligible projects based upon criteria established by the Secretary. The Secretary may not require any State housing finance agency or other entity applying for such project rental assistance funds to identify in such application the eligible projects for which such funds will be used, and shall allow such agencies and applicants to subsequently identify such eligible projects pursuant to the making of commitments described in subparagraph (C)(ii). (B) Contract terms(i) Contract termsProject rental assistance under this paragraph shall be provided—(I) in accordance with subsection (d)(2); and (II) under a contract having an initial term of not less than 180 months that provides funding for a term 60 months, which funding shall be renewed upon expiration, subject to the availability of sufficient amounts in appropriation Acts. (ii) Limitation on units assistedOf the total number of dwelling units in any multifamily housing project containing any unit for which project rental assistance under this paragraph is provided, the aggregate number that are provided such project rental assistance, that are used for supportive housing for persons with disabilities, or to which any occupancy preference for persons with disabilities applies, may not exceed 25 percent of such total. (iii) Prohibition of capital advancesThe Secretary may not provide a capital advance under subsection (d)(1) for any project for which assistance is provided under this paragraph. (iv) Eligible populationProject rental assistance under this paragraph may be provided only for dwelling units for extremely low-income persons with disabilities and extremely low-income households that include at least one person with a disability. (C) Eligible projectsAn eligible project under this subparagraph is a new or existing multifamily housing project for which—(i) the development costs are paid with resources from other public or private sources; and (ii) a commitment has been made—(I) by the applicable State agency responsible for allocation of low-income housing tax credits under section 42 of title 26, for an allocation of such credits; (II) by the applicable participating jurisdiction that receives assistance under the HOME Investment Partnership 11 So in original. Probably should be “Partnerships”. Act [42 U.S.C. 12721 et seq.], for assistance from such jurisdiction; or (III) by any Federal agency or any State or local government, for funding for the project from funds from any other sources. (D) State agency involvementAssistance under this paragraph may be provided only for projects for which the applicable State agency responsible for health and human services programs, and the applicable State agency designated to administer or supervise the administration of the State plan for medical assistance under title XIX of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.], have entered into such agreements as the Secretary considers appropriate—(i) to identify the target populations to be served by the project; (ii) to set forth methods for outreach and referral; and (iii) to make available appropriate services for tenants of the project. (E) Use requirementsIn the case of any project for which project rental assistance is provided under this paragraph, the dwelling units assisted pursuant to subparagraph (B) shall be operated for not less than 30 years as supportive housing for persons with disabilities, in accordance with the application for the project approved by the Secretary, and such dwelling units shall, during such period, be made available for occupancy only by persons and households described in subparagraph (B)(iv). (F) ReportNot later than 3 years after January 4, 2011, and again 2 years thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report—(i) describing the assistance provided under this paragraph; (ii) analyzing the effectiveness of such assistance, including the effectiveness of such assistance compared to the assistance program for capital advances set forth under subsection (d)(1) (as in effect pursuant to the amendments made by such Act); 22 See References in Text note below. and (iii) making recommendations regarding future models for assistance under this section. (c) General requirementsThe Secretary shall take such actions as may be necessary to ensure that—(1) assistance made available under this section will be used to meet the housing and community-based services needs of persons with disabilities by providing a variety of housing options, ranging from group homes and independent living facilities to dwelling units in multifamily housing developments, condominium housing, and cooperative housing; and (2) supportive housing for persons with disabilities assisted under this section shall—(A) make available voluntary supportive services that address the individual needs of persons with disabilities occupying such housing; (B) provide such persons with opportunities for optimal independent living and participation in normal daily activities; and (C) facilitate access by such persons to the community at large and to suitable employment opportunities within such community. (d) Forms of assistance(1) Capital advancesA capital advance provided pursuant to subsection (b)(1) shall bear no interest and its repayment shall not be required so long as the housing remains available for very-low-income persons with disabilities in accordance with this section. Such advance shall be in an amount calculated in accordance with the development cost limitation established in subsection (h). (2) Project rental assistance(A) Initial project rental assistance contractContracts for project rental assistance shall comply with subsection (e)(2) and shall obligate the Secretary to make monthly payments to cover any part of the costs attributed to units occupied (or, as approved by the Secretary, held for occupancy) by very low-income persons with disabilities that is not met from project income. The amount provided under the contract for each year covered by the contract for any project shall not exceed the sum of the initial annual project rentals for all units and any initial utility allowances for such units, as approved by the Secretary. Any contract amounts not used by a project in any year shall remain available to the project until the expiration of the contract. The Secretary may adjust the amount provided under the contract for each year covered by the contract if the sum of the project income and the amount of assistance payments available under this paragraph are inadequate to provide for reasonable project costs. In the case of an intermediate care facility which is the residence of persons assisted under title XIX of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.], project income under this paragraph shall include the same amount as if such person were being assisted under title XVI of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1381 et seq.]. (B) Renewal of and increases in contract amounts(i) Expiration of contract termUpon the expiration of each contract term, subject to the availability of amounts made available in appropriation Acts, the Secretary shall adjust the annual contract amount to provide for reasonable project costs, including adequate reserves and service coordinators as appropriate, except that any contract amounts not used by a project during a contract term shall not be available for such adjustments upon renewal. (ii) Emergency situationsIn the event of emergency situations that are outside the control of the owner, the Secretary shall increase the annual contract amount, subject to reasonable review and limitations as the Secretary shall provide. (3) Rent contributionA very low-income person shall pay as rent for a dwelling unit assisted under subsection (b)(2) the higher of the following amounts, rounded to the nearest dollar: (A) 30 percent of the person’s adjusted monthly income, (B) 10 percent of the person’s monthly income, or (C) if the person is receiving payments for welfare assistance from a public agency and a part of such payments, adjusted in accordance with the person’s actual housing costs, is specifically designated by such agency to meet the person’s housing costs, the portion of such payments which is so designated; except that the gross income of a person occupying an intermediate care facility assisted under title XIX of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.] shall be the same amount as if the person were being assisted under title XVI of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1381 et seq.]. (4) Tenant-based rental assistance(A) In generalTenant-based rental assistance provided under subsection (b)(1) shall be provided under section 1437f(o) of this title. (B) Conversion of existing assistanceThere is authorized to be appropriated for tenant-based rental assistance under section 1437f(o) of this title for persons with disabilities an amount not less than the amount necessary to convert the number of authorized vouchers and funding under an annual contributions contract in effect on January 4, 2011. Such converted vouchers may be administered by the entity administering the vouchers prior to conversion. For purposes of administering such converted vouchers, such entities shall be considered a “public housing agency” authorized to engage in the operation of tenant-based assistance under section 1437f of this title. (C) Requirements upon turnoverThe Secretary shall develop and issue, to public housing agencies that receive voucher assistance made available under this subsection and to public housing agencies that received voucher assistance under section 1437f(o) of this title for non-elderly disabled families pursuant to appropriation Acts for fiscal years 1997 through 2002 or any other subsequent appropriations for incremental vouchers for non-elderly disabled families, guidance to ensure that, to the maximum extent possible, such vouchers continue to be provided upon turnover to qualified persons with disabilities or to qualified non-elderly disabled families, respectively. (e) Program requirements(1) Use restrictions(A) TermAny project for which a capital advance is provided under subsection (d)(1) shall be operated for not less than 40 years as supportive housing for persons with disabilities, in accordance with the application for the project approved by the Secretary and shall, during such period, be made available for occupancy only by very low-income persons with disabilities. (B) ConversionIf the owner of a project requests the use of the project for the direct benefit of very low-income persons with disabilities and, pursuant to such request the Secretary determines that a project is no longer needed for use as supportive housing for persons with disabilities, the Secretary may approve the request and authorize the owner to convert the project to such use. (2) Contract termsThe initial term of a contract entered into under subsection (d)(2) shall be 240 months, except that, in the case of the sponsor of a project assisted with any low-income housing tax credit pursuant to section 42 of title 26 or with any tax-exempt housing bonds, the contract shall have an initial term of not less than 360 months and shall provide funding for a term of 60 months. The Secretary shall, to the extent approved in appropriation Acts, upon expiration of a contract (or any renewed contract), renew such contract for a term of not less than 60 months. In order to facilitate the orderly extension of expiring contracts, the Secretary is authorized to make commitments to extend expiring contracts during the year prior to the date of expiration. (3) Limitation on use of fundsNo assistance received under this section (or any State or local government funds used to supplement such assistance) may be used to replace other State or local funds previously used, or designated for use, to assist persons with disabilities. (4) Multifamily projects(A) LimitationExcept as provided in subparagraph (B), of the total number of dwelling units in any multifamily housing project (including any condominium or cooperative housing project) containing any unit for which assistance is provided from a capital grant under subsection (d)(1) made after January 4, 2011, the aggregate number that are used for persons with disabilities, including supportive housing for persons with disabilities, or to which any occupancy preference for persons with disabilities applies, may not exceed 25 percent of such total. (B) ExceptionSubparagraph (A) shall not apply in the case of any project that is a group home or independent living facility. (f) ApplicationsFunds made available under subsection (b)(2) shall be allocated by the Secretary among approvable applications submitted by private nonprofit organizations. Applications for assistance under subsection (b)(2) shall be submitted in such form and in accordance with such procedures as the Secretary shall establish. Such applications shall contain—(1) a description of the proposed housing; (2) a description of the assistance the applicant seeks under this section; (3) a supportive service plan that contains—(A) a description of the needs of persons with disabilities that the housing is expected to serve; (B) assurances that persons with disabilities occupying such housing will be offered supportive services based on their individual needs; (C) evidence of the applicant’s experience in—(i) providing such supportive services; or (ii) creating and managing structured partnerships with service providers for the delivery of appropriate community-based services; (D) a description of the manner in which such services will be provided to tenants; and (E) identification of the extent of other Federal, and State and local funds available to assist in the provision of such services; (4) a certification from the appropriate State or local agency (as determined by the Secretary) that the provision of the services identified in paragraph (3) are well designed to serve the housing and community-based services needs of persons with disabilities; (5) reasonable assurances that the applicant will own or have control of an acceptable site for the proposed housing not later than 6 months after notification of an award for assistance; (6) a certification from the public official responsible for submitting a housing strategy for the jurisdiction to be served in accordance with section 12705 of this title that the proposed housing is consistent with the approved housing strategy; and (7) such other information or certifications that the Secretary determines to be necessary or appropriate to achieve the purposes of this section. (g) Selection criteria and processing(1) Selection criteriaThe Secretary shall establish selection criteria for assistance under subsection (b)(2), which shall include—(A) the ability of the applicant to develop and operate the proposed housing; (B) the need for housing for persons with disabilities in the area to be served; (C) the extent to which the proposed design of the housing will meet the special needs of persons with disabilities; (D) the extent to which the applicant has demonstrated that appropriate supportive services will be made available on a consistent, long-term basis; (E) the extent to which the location and design of the proposed project will facilitate the provision of community-based supportive services and address other basic needs of persons with disabilities, including access to appropriate and accessible transportation, access to community services agencies, public facilities, and shopping; (F) the extent to which the per-unit cost of units to be assisted under this section will be supplemented with resources from other public and private sources; (G) the extent to which the applicant has control of the site of the proposed housing; and (H) such other factors as the Secretary determines to be appropriate to ensure that funds made available under subsection (b)(2) are used effectively. (2) Delegated processing(A) In issuing a capital advance under subsection (d)(1) for any multifamily project (but not including any project that is a group home or independent living facility) for which financing for the purposes described in the last sentence of subsection (b) is provided by a combination of the capital advance and sources other than this section, within 30 days of award of the capital advance, the Secretary shall delegate review and processing of such projects to a State or local housing agency that—(i) is in geographic proximity to the property; (ii) has demonstrated experience in and capacity for underwriting multifamily housing loans that provide housing and supportive services; (iii) may or may not be providing low-income housing tax credits in combination with the capital advance under this section; and (iv) agrees to issue a firm commitment within 12 months of delegation. (B) The Secretary shall retain the authority to process capital advances in cases in which no State or local housing agency is sufficiently qualified to provide delegated processing pursuant to this paragraph or no such agency has entered into an agreement with the Secretary to serve as a delegated processing agency. (C) The Secretary shall—(i) develop criteria and a timeline to periodically assess the performance of State and local housing agencies in carrying out the duties delegated to such agencies pursuant to subparagraph (A); and (ii) retain the authority to review and process projects financed by a capital advance in the event that, after a review and assessment, a State or local housing agency is determined to have failed to satisfy the criteria established pursuant to clause (i). (D) An agency to which review and processing is delegated pursuant to subparagraph (A) may assess a reasonable fee which shall be included in the capital advance amounts and may recommend project rental assistance amounts in excess of those initially awarded by the Secretary. The Secretary shall develop a schedule for reasonable fees under this subparagraph to be paid to delegated processing agencies, which shall take into consideration any other fees to be paid to the agency for other funding provided to the project by the agency, including bonds, tax credits, and other gap funding. (E) Under such delegated system, the Secretary shall retain the authority to approve rents and development costs and to execute a capital advance within 60 days of receipt of the commitment from the State or local agency. The Secretary shall provide to such agency and the project sponsor, in writing, the reasons for any reduction in capital advance amounts or project rental assistance and such reductions shall be subject to appeal. (h) Development cost limitations(1) Group homesThe Secretary shall periodically establish development cost limitations by market area for group homes of supportive housing for persons with disabilities by publishing a notice of the cost limitations in the Federal Register. The cost limitations shall reflect—(A) the cost of acquisition, construction, reconstruction, or rehabilitation of supportive housing for persons with disabilities that (i) meets applicable State and local housing and building codes; and (ii) conforms with the design characteristics of the neighborhood in which it is to be located; (B) the cost of movables necessary to the basic operation of the housing, as determined by the Secretary; (C) the cost of special design features necessary to make the housing accessible to persons with disabilities; (D) the cost of special design features necessary to make individual dwelling units meet the special needs of persons with disabilities; (E) if the housing is newly constructed, the cost of meeting the energy efficiency standards promulgated by the Secretary in accordance with section 12709 of this title; and (F) the cost of land, including necessary site improvement. In establishing development cost limitations for a given market area, the Secretary shall use data that reflect currently prevailing costs of acquisition, construction, reconstruction, or rehabilitation, and land acquisition in the area. Neither this section nor any other provision of law may be construed as prohibiting or preventing the location and operation, in a project assisted under this section, of commercial facilities for the benefit of residents of the project and the community in which the project is located, except that assistance made available under this section may not be used to subsidize any such commercial facility. (2) RTC propertiesIn the case of existing housing and related facilities from the Resolution Trust Corporation under section 1441a(c) 2 of title 12, the cost limitations shall include—(A) the cost of acquiring such housing, (B) the cost of rehabilitation, alteration, conversion, or improvement, including the moderate rehabilitation thereof, and (C) the cost of the land on which the housing and related facilities are located. (3) Annual adjustmentsThe Secretary shall adjust the cost limitation established pursuant to paragraph (1) not less than once annually to reflect changes in the general level of acquisition, construction, reconstruction, or rehabilitation costs. (4) Incentives for savings(A) Special project accountThe Secretary shall use the development cost limitations established under paragraph (1) to calculate the amount of financing to be made available to individual owners. Owners which incur actual development costs that are less than the amount of financing shall be entitled to retain 50 percent of the savings in a special project account. Such percentage shall be increased to 75 percent for owners which add energy efficiency features which (i) exceed the energy efficiency standards promulgated by the Secretary in accordance with section 12709 of this title; (ii) substantially reduce the life-cycle cost of the housing; (iii) reduce gross rent requirements; and (iv) enhance tenant comfort and convenience. (B) UsesThe special project account established under subparagraph (A) may be used (i) to supplement services provided to residents of the housing or funds set-aside for replacement reserves, or (ii) for such other purposes as determined by the Secretary. (5) Funds from other sourcesAn owner shall be permitted voluntarily to provide funds from sources other than this section for amenities and other features of appropriate design and construction suitable for supportive housing for persons with disabilities if the cost of such amenities is (A) not financed with the advance, and (B) is not taken into account in determining the amount of Federal assistance or of the rent contribution of tenants. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, assistance amounts provided under this section may be treated as amounts not derived from a Federal grant. (6) Applicability of home program cost limitations(A) In generalThe provisions of section 212(e) of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 12742(e)) and the cost limits established by the Secretary pursuant to such section with respect to the amount of funds under subtitle A of title II of such Act [42 U.S.C. 12741 et seq.] that may be invested on a per unit basis, shall apply to supportive housing assisted with a capital advance under subsection (d)(1) and the amount of funds under such subsection that may be invested on a per unit basis. (B) WaiversThe Secretary may provide for waiver of the cost limits applicable pursuant to subparagraph (A)—(i) in the cases in which the cost limits established pursuant to section 212(e) of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act may be waived; and (ii) to provide for—(I) the cost of special design features to make the housing accessible to persons with disabilities; (II) the cost of special design features necessary to make individual dwelling units meet the special needs of persons with disabilities; and (III) the cost of providing the housing in a location that is accessible to public transportation and community organizations that provide supportive services to persons with disabilities. (i) Admission and occupancy(1) Tenant selection(A) ProceduresAn owner shall adopt written tenant selection procedures that are satisfactory to the Secretary as (i) consistent with the purpose of improving housing opportunities for very low-income persons with disabilities; and (ii) reasonably related to program eligibility and an applicant’s ability to perform the obligations of the lease. Owners shall promptly notify in writing any rejected applicant of the grounds for any rejection. (B) Requirement for occupancyOccupancy in dwelling units provided assistance under this section shall be available only to persons with disabilities and households that include at least one person with a disability. (C) AvailabilityExcept only as provided in subparagraph (D), occupancy in dwelling units in housing provided with assistance under this section shall be available to all persons with disabilities eligible for such occupancy without regard to the particular disability involved. (D) Limitation on occupancyNotwithstanding any other provision of law, the owner of housing developed under this section may, with the approval of the Secretary, limit occupancy within the housing to persons with disabilities who can benefit from the supportive services offered in connection with the housing. (2) Tenant protections(A) LeaseThe lease between a tenant and an owner of housing assisted under this section shall be for not less than one year, and shall contain such terms and conditions as the Secretary shall determine to be appropriate. (B) Termination of tenancyAn owner may not terminate the tenancy or refuse to renew the lease of a tenant of a rental dwelling unit assisted under this section except—(i) for serious or repeated violation of the terms and conditions of the lease, for violation of applicable Federal, State, or local law, or for other good cause; and (ii) by providing the tenant, not less than 30 days before such termination or refusal to renew, with written notice specifying the grounds for such action. (C) Voluntary participation in servicesA supportive service plan for housing assisted under this section shall permit each resident to take responsibility for choosing and acquiring their own services, to receive any supportive services made available directly or indirectly by the owner of such housing, or to not receive any supportive services. (j) Miscellaneous provisions(1) Technical assistanceThe Secretary shall make available appropriate technical assistance to assure that applicants having limited resources, particularly minority applicants, are able to participate more fully in the program carried out under this section. (2) Civil rights complianceEach owner shall certify, to the satisfaction of the Secretary, that assistance made available under this section will be conducted and administered in conformity with title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 [42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq.], the Fair Housing Act [42 U.S.C. 3601 et seq.] and other Federal, State, and local laws prohibiting discrimination and promoting equal opportunity; and 33 So in original. The word “opportunity” probably should be followed by a period. (3) Site controlAn applicant may obtain ownership or control of a suitable site different from the site specified in the initial application. If an applicant fails to obtain ownership or control of the site within 1 year after notification of an award for assistance, the assistance shall be recaptured and reallocated. (4) Notice of appealThe Secretary shall notify an owner not less than 30 days prior to canceling any reservation of assistance provided under this section. During the 30-day period following the receipt of a notice under the preceding sentence, an owner may appeal the proposed cancellation. Such appeal, including review by the Secretary, shall be completed not later than 45 days after the appeal is filed. (5) Labor standards(A) In generalThe Secretary shall take such action as may be necessary to insure that all laborers and mechanics employed by contractors and subcontractors in the construction of housing with 12 or more units assisted under this section shall be paid wages at rates not less than those prevailing in the locality involved for the corresponding classes of laborers and mechanics employed on construction of a similar character, as determined by the Secretary of Labor in accordance with sections 3141–3144, 3146, and 3147 of title 40. (B) ExemptionSubparagraph (A) shall not apply to any individual who—(i) performs services for which the individual volunteered; (ii)(I) does not receive compensation for such services; or (II) is paid expenses, reasonable benefits, or a nominal fee for such services; and (iii) is not otherwise employed at any time in the construction work. (6) Use of project reservesAmounts for project reserves for a project assisted under this section may be used for costs, subject to reasonable limitations as the Secretary determines appropriate, for reducing the number of dwelling units in the project. Such use shall be subject to the approval of the Secretary to ensure that the use is designed to retrofit units that are currently obsolete or unmarketable. (7) Carbon monoxide alarmsEach dwelling unit assisted under this section shall contain installed carbon monoxide alarms or detectors that meet or exceed—(A) the standards described in chapters 9 and 11 of the 2018 publication of the International Fire Code, as published by the International Code Council; or (B) any other standards as may be adopted by the Secretary, including any relevant updates to the International Fire Code, through a notice published in the Federal Register. (8) Qualifying smoke alarms(A) In generalEach dwelling unit assisted under this section shall contain qualifying smoke alarms that are installed in accordance with applicable codes and standards published by the International Code Council or the National Fire Protection Association and the requirements of the National Fire Protection Association Standard 72, or any successor standard, in each level and in or near each sleeping area in such dwelling unit, including in basements but excepting crawl spaces and unfinished attics, and in each common area in a project containing such a dwelling unit. (B) DefinitionsFor purposes of this paragraph, the following definitions shall apply:(i) Smoke alarm definedThe term “smoke alarm” has the meaning given the term “smoke detector” in section 2225(d) of title 15. (ii) Qualifying smoke alarm definedThe term “qualifying smoke alarm” means a smoke alarm that—(I) in the case of a dwelling unit built before December 29, 2022, and not substantially rehabilitated after December 29, 2022—(aa)(AA) is hardwired; or (BB) uses 10-year non rechargeable, nonreplaceable primary batteries and is sealed, is tamper resistant, and contains silencing means; and (bb) provides notification for persons with hearing loss as required by the National Fire Protection Association Standard 72, or any successor standard; or (II) in the case of a dwelling unit built or substantially rehabilitated after December 29, 2022, is hardwired. (k) DefinitionsAs used in this section—(1) The term “group home” means a single family residential structure designed or adapted for occupancy by not more than 8 persons with disabilities, which provides a separate bedroom for each tenant of the residence. The Secretary may waive the project size limitation contained in the previous sentence if the applicant demonstrates that local market conditions dictate the development of a larger project. Not later than the date of the exercise of any waiver permitted under the previous sentence, the Secretary shall notify the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives of the waiver or the intention to exercise the waiver, together with a detailed explanation of the reason for the waiver. Not more than 1 home may be located on any one site and no such home may be located on a site contiguous to another site containing such a home. (2) The term “person with disabilities” means a household composed of one or more persons who is 18 years of age or older and less than 62 years of age, and who has a disability. A person shall be considered to have a disability if such person is determined, pursuant to regulations issued by the Secretary to have a physical, mental, or emotional impairment which (A) is expected to be of long-continued and indefinite duration, (B) substantially impedes his or her ability to live independently, and (C) is of such a nature that such ability could be improved by more suitable housing conditions. A person shall also be considered to have a disability if such person has a developmental disability as defined in section 15002 of this title. The Secretary shall prescribe such regulations as may be necessary to prevent abuses in determining, under the definitions contained in this paragraph, the eligibility of families and persons for admission to and occupancy of housing assisted under this section. Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this paragraph, the term “person with disabilities” includes two or more persons with disabilities living together, one or more such persons living with another person who is determined (under regulations prescribed by the Secretary) to be important to their care or well-being, and the surviving member or members of any household described in the first sentence of this paragraph who were living, in a unit assisted under this section, with the deceased member of the household at the time of his or her death. (3) The term “supportive housing for persons with disabilities” means dwelling units that—(A) are designed to meet the permanent housing needs of very low-income persons with disabilities; and (B) are located in housing that make available supportive services that address the individual health, mental health, or other needs of such persons. (4) The term “independent living facility” means a project designed for occupancy by not more than 24 persons with disabilities (or such higher number of persons as permitted under criteria that the Secretary shall prescribe) in separate dwelling units where each dwelling unit includes a kitchen and a bath. Not later than the date that the Secretary prescribes a limit exceeding the 24 person limit in the previous sentence, the Secretary shall notify the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives of the limit or the intention to prescribe a limit in excess of 24 persons, together with a detailed explanation of the reason for the new limit. (5) The term “owner” means a private nonprofit organization that receives assistance under this section to develop and operate supportive housing for persons with disabilities. (6) The term “private nonprofit organization” means any institution or foundation—(A) that has received, or has temporary clearance to receive, tax-exempt status under section 501(c)(3) of title 26; (B) no part of the net earnings of which inures to the benefit of any member, founder, contributor, or individual; (C) which has a governing board (i) the membership of which is selected in a manner to assure that there is significant representation of the views of persons with disabilities, and (ii) which is responsible for the operation of the housing assisted under this section; and (D) which is approved by the Secretary as to financial responsibility. Such term includes a for-profit limited partnership the sole general partner of which is an organization meeting the requirements under subparagraphs (A), (B), (C), and (D) or a corporation controlled by an organization meeting the requirements under subparagraphs (A), (B), (C), and (D). (7) The term “State” includes the several States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the possessions of the United States. (8) The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development. (9) The term “very low-income” has the same meaning as given the term “very low-income families” under section 1437a(b)(2) of this title. (l) Allocation of funds(1) Minimum allocation for multifamily projectsThe Secretary shall establish a minimum percentage of the amount made available for each fiscal year for capital advances under subsection (d)(1) that shall be used for multifamily projects subject to subsection (e)(4). (2) Capital advancesOf any amounts made available for assistance under subsection (b), such sums as may be necessary shall be available for funding capital advances in accordance with subsection (d)(1). Such amounts, the repayments from such advances, and the proceeds from notes or obligations issued under this section prior to November 28, 1990,44 See Codification note below. shall constitute a revolving fund to be used by the Secretary in carrying out this section. (3) Project rental assistanceOf any amounts made available for assistance under subsection (b), such sums as may be necessary shall be available for funding project rental assistance in accordance with subsection (d)(2). (m) Authorization of appropriationsThere are authorized to be appropriated for providing assistance pursuant to this section $300,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2011 through 2015. (n) Effective date and applicability(1) In generalThe amendments made by this section shall take effect on October 1, 1991, with respect to projects approved on or after such date. The Secretary shall issue regulations for such purpose after notice and public comment. (2) Earlier applicabilityThe Secretary shall, upon the request of an owner, apply the provisions of this section to any housing for which a loan reservation was made under section 1701q of title 12 before November 28, 1990,4 but for which no loan has been executed and recorded. In the absence of such a request, any housing identified under the preceding sentence shall continue to be subject to the provisions of section 1701q of title 12 as they were in effect when such assistance was made or reserved. (3) CoordinationWhen responding to an owner’s request under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall, notwithstanding any other provision of law, apply such portion of amounts obligated at the time of loan reservation, including amounts reserved with respect to such housing under section 1437f of this title, as are required for the owner’s housing under the provisions of this section and shall make any remaining portion available for other housing under this section.