Supplies, equipment, and products designed, manufactured, labeled, sold, distributed, and donated in response to COVID-19
N.D. Cent. Code § 32-48-06
in effect32-48-06. Supplies, equipment, and products designed, manufactured, labeled, sold,
distributed, and donated in response to COVID-19.
1. A person that designs, manufactures, labels, sells, distributes, or donates disinfecting
or cleaning supplies, personal protective equipment, or a qualified product in response
to COVID-19 is immune from civil liability for any personal injury, death, or property
damage caused by or resulting from the design, manufacturing, labeling, selling,
distributing, or donating of the disinfecting or cleaning supplies, personal protective
equipment, or a qualified product.
2. A person that designs, manufactures, labels, sells, distributes, or donates disinfecting
or cleaning supplies, personal protective equipment, or a qualified product in response
to COVID-19 is immune from civil liability for any personal injury, death, or property
damage caused by or resulting from a failure to provide proper instruction or sufficient
warning.
3. The immunity provided under subsections 1 and 2 does not apply:
a. To a person that designs, manufactures, labels, sells, distributes, or donates
disinfecting or cleaning supplies, personal protective equipment, or a qualified
product:
(1) With actual knowledge of a defect in the disinfecting or cleaning supplies,
personal protective equipment, or a qualified product when put to the use for
which the disinfecting or cleaning supplies, personal protective equipment,
or a qualified product was designed, manufactured, sold, distributed, or
donated; and
(2) If the person recklessly disregarded a substantial and unnecessary risk the
disinfecting or cleaning supplies, personal protective equipment, or a
qualified product would cause serious personal injury, death, or serious
property damage; or
b. If the person that designs, manufactures, labels, sells, distributes, or donates
disinfecting or cleaning supplies, personal protective equipment, or a qualified
product acts with actual malice.
Source: Open US Law by Vaquill AI (CC BY 4.0)URL: https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t32c48.pdf#nameddest=32-48-06Fetched: 10/16/2026