PART 1. DEFINITIONS [25000. - 25023.]

Cal. Corporations Code - CORP 1.
in effect

Cal. Corporations Code - CORP § 25000. Section 25000.

This division may be known as the “Corporate Securities Law of 1968.” References herein to “this law” refer to the applicable provisions of this division.

Cal. Corporations Code - CORP § 25002. Section 25002.

“Advertisement” means any written or printed communication or any communication by means of recorded telephone messages or spoken on radio, television, or similar communications media, published in connection with the offer or sale of a security.

Cal. Corporations Code - CORP § 25003. Section 25003.

(a) “Agent” means any individual, other than a broker-dealer or a partner of a licensed broker-dealer, who represents a broker-dealer or who for compensation represents an issuer in effecting or attempting to effect purchases or sales of securities in this state. (b) “Agent” does not include an individual who only represents an issuer in effecting transactions in securities exempted by subdivision (a), (b), (e), (f), (g), (j), (k), or ( l ) of Section 25100 or in effecting transactions exempted by Section 25102, and does not include an individual who has no place of business in this state if he or she effects transactions in this state exclusively with broker-dealers. (c) “Agent” does not include an associated person of a broker or dealer effecting transactions described in Section 15(i)(4) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, subject to the provisions of Section 15(i)(3) of that act. (d) An officer or director of a broker-dealer or issuer, or an individual occupying a similar status or performing similar functions, is an agent only if he or she otherwise comes within this definition and receives compensation specifically related to purchases or sales of securities.

Cal. Corporations Code - CORP § 25003.5. Section 25003.5.

“Business days” are all days other than every Saturday, every Sunday, and such other days as are specified or provided for as holidays in the Government Code of the State of California.

Cal. Corporations Code - CORP § 25004. Section 25004.

(a) “Broker-dealer” means any person engaged in the business of effecting transactions in securities in this state for the account of others or for that person’s own account. “Broker-dealer” also includes a person engaged in the regular business of issuing or guaranteeing options with regard to securities not of that person’s own issue. “Broker-dealer” does not include any of the following: (1) Any other issuer. (2) An agent, when an employee of a broker-dealer or issuer. (3) A bank, trust company, or savings and loan association. (4) Any person insofar as that person buys or sells securities for that person’s own account, either individually or in some fiduciary capacity, but not as part of a regular business. (5) A person who has no place of business in this state if that person effects transactions in this state exclusively with (A) the issuers of the securities involved in the transactions or (B) other broker-dealers. (6) A broker licensed by the Real Estate Commissioner of this state when engaged in transactions in securities exempted by subdivision (f) or (p) of Section 25100 or in securities the issuance of which is subject to authorization by the Real Estate Commissioner of this state or in transactions exempted by subdivision (e) of Section 25102. (7) An exchange certified by the Commissioner of Financial Protection and Innovation pursuant to this section when it is issuing or guaranteeing options. The commissioner may by order certify an exchange under this section upon those conditions as the commissioner by rule or order deems appropriate, and upon notice and opportunity to be heard the commissioner may suspend or revoke that certification, if the commissioner finds that certification, suspension, or revocation to be in the public interest and necessary and appropriate for the protection of investors. (b) For purposes of this section, an agent is an employee of a broker-dealer under paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) when the agent is employed by or associated with the broker-dealer under all of the following conditions: (1) The agent is subject to the supervision and control of the broker-dealer. (2) The agent performs under the name, authority, and marketing policies of the broker-dealer. (3) The agent discloses to investors the identity of the broker-dealer. (4) The agent is reported pursuant to subdivision (c) of Section 25210 and the rules adopted thereunder.

Cal. Corporations Code - CORP § 25005.1. Section 25005.1.

“Entity conversion transaction” means a conversion pursuant to Section 1151, 1157, 15911.02, 15911.08, 16902, 16908, 17710.02, or 17710.08 or a conversion that occurs entirely out of state, unless the interests in the entity resulting from the conversion to be held by the equity holders of the entity being converted as a result of the conversion are not securities. For purposes of Sections 25103 and 25120 an entity conversion transaction is not a change in the rights, preferences, privileges, or restrictions of or on outstanding securities or an exchange of securities by the issuer with its existing security holders exclusively.

Cal. Corporations Code - CORP § 25008. Section 25008.

(a) An offer or sale of a security is made in this state when an offer to sell is made in this state, or an offer to buy is accepted in this state, or (if both the seller and the purchaser are domiciled in this state) the security is delivered to the purchaser in this state. An offer to buy or a purchase of a security is made in this state when an offer to buy is made in this state, or an offer to sell is accepted in this state, or (if both the seller and the purchaser are domiciled in this state) the security is delivered to the purchaser in this state. (b) An offer to sell or to buy is made in this state when the offer either originates from this state or is directed by the offeror to this state and received at the place to which it is directed. An offer to buy or to sell is accepted in this state when acceptance is communicated to the offeror in this state; and acceptance is communicated to the offeror in this state when the offeree directs it to the offeror in this state reasonably believing the offeror to be in this state and it is received at the place to which it is directed. A security is delivered to the purchaser in this state when the certificate or other evidence of the security is directed to the purchaser in this state and received at the place to which it is directed. (c) An offer to sell or to buy is not made in this state merely because (1) the publisher circulates or there is circulated on his behalf in this state any bona fide newspaper or other publication of general, regular and paid circulation which has had more than two-thirds of its circulation outside this state during the past 12 months, or (2) a radio or television program originating outside this state is received in this state.

Cal. Corporations Code - CORP § 25009. Section 25009.

(a) “Investment adviser” means any person who, for compensation, engages in the business of advising others, either directly or through publications or writings, as to the value of securities or as to the advisability of investing in, purchasing or selling securities, or who, for compensation and as a part of a regular business, publishes analyses or reports concerning securities. “Investment adviser” does not include (1) a bank, trust company or savings and loan association; (2) an attorney at law, accountant, engineer or teacher whose performance of these services is solely incidental to the practice of his or her profession; (3) an associated person of an investment adviser; (4) a broker-dealer or agent of a broker-dealer whose performance of these services is solely incidental to the conduct of the business of a broker-dealer and who receives no special compensation for them; or (5) a publisher of any bona fide newspaper, news magazine or business or financial publication of general, regular and paid circulation and the agents and servants thereof, but this paragraph (5) does not exclude any such person who engages in any other activity which would constitute that person an investment adviser within the meaning of this section. (b) “Investment adviser” also includes any person who uses the title “financial planner” and who, for compensation, engages in the business, whether principally or as part of another business, of advising others, either directly or through publications or writings, as to the value of securities or as to the advisability of investing in, purchasing or selling securities, or who, for compensation and as part of a regular business, publishes analyses or reports concerning securities. This subdivision does not apply to: (1) a bank, trust company, or savings and loan association; (2) an attorney at law, accountant, engineer, or teacher whose performance of these services is solely incidental to the practice of his or her profession, so long as these individuals do not use the title “financial planner;” (3) an associated person of an investment adviser where the investment adviser is licensed or exempt from licensure under this law; (4) an agent of a broker-dealer where the broker-dealer is licensed or exempt from licensure under this law, so long as (A) the performance of these services by the agent is solely incidental to the conduct of the business of the broker-dealer, and (B) the agent receives no special compensation for the performance of these services; or (5) a publisher set forth in paragraph (5) of subdivision (a), so long as the publisher or the agents and servants of the publisher are not engaged in any other activity which would constitute that person an investment adviser within the meaning of this section.

Cal. Corporations Code - CORP § 25009.1. Section 25009.1.

“Investment adviser” does not include persons excepted from the definition of “investment adviser” by Section 202(a)(11) of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (15 U.S.C. 80a-1 et seq., as amended), except that with regard to those persons the commissioner may investigate and bring enforcement actions with respect to fraud and deceit, including and without limitation fraud and deceit under Section 25235, and any rules of the commissioner adopted thereunder.

Cal. Corporations Code - CORP § 25009.5. Section 25009.5.

(a) “Investment adviser representative” or “associated person of an investment adviser” means any partner, officer, director of (or a person occupying a similar status or performing similar functions) or other individual, except clerical or ministerial personnel, who is employed by or associated with, or subject to the supervision and control of, an investment adviser that has obtained a certificate or that is required to obtain a certificate under this law, and who does any of the following: (1) Makes any recommendations or otherwise renders advice regarding securities. (2) Manages accounts or portfolios of clients. (3) Determines which recommendation or advice regarding securities should be given. (4) Solicits, offers, or negotiates for the sale or sells investment advisory services. (5) Supervises employees who perform any of the foregoing. (b) “Investment adviser representative” means, with respect to an investment adviser subject to Section 25230.1, a person defined as an investment adviser representative by Rule 203A-3 of the Securities and Exchange Commission (17 C.F.R. 275.203A-3) and who has a place of business in this state.

Cal. Corporations Code - CORP § 25010. Section 25010.

“Issuer” means any person who issues or proposes to issue any security, except that: (a) With respect to certificates of deposit, voting trust certificates or collateral-trust certificates, or with respect to certificates of interest or shares in an unincorporated investment trust not having a board of directors or persons performing similar functions or of the fixed, restricted management or unit type, “issuer” means the person or persons performing the acts and assuming the duties of depositor or manager pursuant to the provisions of the trust or other agreement or instrument under which the security is issued. However, with respect to equipment-trust certificates or like securities, “issuer” means the person by whom the equipment or property is or is to be used. (b) With respect to certificates of interest or participation in oil, gas or mining titles or leases or in payments out of production under those titles or leases, “issuer” means the person or persons in active control of the exploration or development of the property who sell those interests or participations or payments or any person or persons who subdivide and sell those interests or participations or payments. The determination of the person or persons in active control of the exploration or development of the property shall be made on the basis of the actual relationship of the parties and not on the basis of the legal designation of a person’s interest. (c) With respect to a fractional or pooled interest in a viatical or life settlement contract, “issuer” means the person who creates, for the purposes of sale, the fractional or pooled interest. In the case of a viatical or life settlement contract that is not fractionalized or pooled, “issuer” means the person effecting the transactions with the investors in those contracts. (d) In the case of an unincorporated association which provides by its articles for limited liability of any or all of its members, or in the case of a trust, committee, or other legal entity, the trustees or members thereof shall not be individually liable as issuers of any security issued by the association, trust, committee, or other legal entity.

Cal. Corporations Code - CORP § 25011. Section 25011.

“Nonissuer transaction” means any transaction not directly or indirectly for the benefit of the issuer. A transaction is indirectly for the benefit of the issuer if any portion of the purchase price of any securities involved in the transaction will be received indirectly by the issuer. An offering which involves both an issuer transaction and a nonissuer transaction shall be treated for the purposes of Chapters 2 (commencing with Section 25110) and 4 (commencing with Section 25130) of Part 2 of this division as an issuer transaction, but for the purposes of Chapter 1 (commencing with Section 25100) of Part 2 of this division they shall be treated as separate transactions.

Cal. Corporations Code - CORP § 25012. Section 25012.

“Owners’ association” means a nonprofit corporation or association created to own or lease the commonly owned lots, parcels or areas referred to in clause (a) of Section 25015, or to provide management, maintenance, preservation or control of either such lots, parcels or areas or of the separately owned lots, parcels or areas, or both, or any portion of or interest in them, or interest subject to subdivision (g) of Section 11004.5 of the Business and Professions Code, if the shares or certificates of membership therein are transferable only by transfer of the interests in the lots, parcels or areas. Such shares of stock or memberships shall be considered interests in a real estate development or in subdivided lands or a subdivision.

Cal. Corporations Code - CORP § 25013. Section 25013.

“Person” means an individual, a corporation, a partnership, a limited liability company, a joint venture, an association, a joint stock company, a trust, an unincorporated organization, a government, or a political subdivision of a government.

Cal. Corporations Code - CORP § 25014.5. Section 25014.5.

“Rollup participant” means a finite-life limited partnership. (a) Except as provided in subdivision (b) of Section 25014.6, a limited partnership has “finite-life” if both of the following apply: (1) It operates as a conduit vehicle for investors to participate in the ownership of assets for a limited period of time. (2) It has a policy or purpose of distributing to investors substantially all proceeds from the sale, financing, or refinancing of assets, whether for the term of the partnership or after an initial period of time following commencement of operations, rather than reinvesting those proceeds in the business. (b) Rollup participant does not include any partnership registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 or any business development company as defined in Section 80a-2(48) of Title 15 of the United States Code.

Cal. Corporations Code - CORP § 25014.6. Section 25014.6.

“Rollup transaction” means any transaction or series of transactions that directly or indirectly through acquisition or otherwise involves the combination or reorganization of one or more rollup participants and is one of the following: (a) The offer or sale of securities by a successor entity, whether newly formed or previously existing, to one or more investors of the rollup participants to be combined or reorganized. (b) The acquisition of the successor entity’s securities by the rollup participants being combined or reorganized; provided however, that a rollup transaction shall not include any transaction that: (1) The Securities and Exchange Commission exempts from the definition of a rollup transaction pursuant to subparagraph (c) (ii) of Item 901 of Regulation S-K adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission. (2) Is determined to be exempt from this definition by the Commissioner of Financial Protection and Innovation upon the commissioner’s determination that this action is in the public interest and consistent with the protection of investors. (3) Involves one or more limited partnerships all of the securities of which are, prior to the transaction, securities for which transactions are reported under a transaction reporting plan declared effective before January 1, 1991, by the Securities and Exchange Commission under Section 11A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. (4) Involves only those issuers not required to register or report under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, if the resulting issuer is also not required to register or report under Section 12. (5) Involves the reorganization to corporate, trust, or association form or restructuring of a single limited partnership if, as a consequence of the proposed transaction there will be no significant, adverse change in any of the following: voting rights, the term of existence of the entity, management compensation, or investment objectives. (6) Involves the reorganization to corporate, trust, or association form or restructuring of a single limited partnership if each investor is provided an option to retain a security under substantially the same terms and conditions as the original issue. (7) Involves the reorganization to corporate, trust, or association form or restructuring of a single limited partnership if transactions in the security issued as a result of the reorganization or restructuring are not reported under a transaction reporting plan declared effective before January 1, 1991, by the Securities and Exchange Commission under Section 11A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

Cal. Corporations Code - CORP § 25014.7. Section 25014.7.

(a) “Eligible rollup transaction” means a rollup transaction in which the new securities issued are listed or approved for listing on a national securities exchange which has been certified by the commissioner under subdivision (o) of Section 25100, if the exchange requires as a condition to listing or designation that the rollup transaction be conducted in accordance with procedures to protect the rights of limited partners. (b) The rights of limited partners will be presumed to be protected if the rollup transaction provides for the right of dissenting limited partners: (1) To receive compensation for their limited partnership units based on an appraisal of the limited partnership assets performed by an independent appraiser unaffiliated with the sponsor or general partner of the limited partnership and which value the assets as if sold in an orderly manner in a reasonable period of time, plus or minus other balance sheet items, and less the cost of sale or refinancing. Compensation to dissenting limited partners of rollup transactions may be cash, secured debt instruments, unsecured debt instruments, or freely tradeable securities; provided, however, that: (A) Rollups which utilize debt instruments as compensation provide for a trustee and an indenture to protect the rights of the debt holders and provide a rate of interest based upon, but not less than, the then applicable federal rate as determined in accordance with Section 1274 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. (B) Rollups which utilize unsecured debt instruments as compensation, in addition to the requirements of subparagraph (A), limit total leverage to 70 percent of the appraised value of the assets. (C) All debt securities have a term no greater than seven years and provide for prepayment with 80 percent of the net proceeds of any sale or refinancing of the assets previously owned by the entity or any part thereof. (D) Freely tradeable securities utilized as compensation to dissenting limited partners must be issued by an issuer whose securities are listed on a national securities exchange that has been certified for at least one year prior to the transaction, and the number of securities to be received in return for limited partnership interests must be determined by an appraisal of limited partnership assets, conducted in a manner consistent with this paragraph, in relation to the average last sale price of the freely tradeable securities in the 20-day period following the transaction. If the issuer of the freely tradeable securities is affiliated with the sponsor or general partner, newly issued securities to be utilized as compensation to dissenting limited partners shall not represent more than 20 percent of the issued and outstanding shares of that class of securities after giving effect to the issuance. For the purposes of the preceding sentence, a sponsor or general partner is “affiliated” with the issuer of the freely tradeable securities if the sponsor or general partner receives any material compensation from the issuer or its affiliates in conjunction with the rollup transaction or the purchase of the general partner’s interest; provided, however, that nothing herein shall restrict the ability of a sponsor or general partner to receive any payment for its equity interests and compensation as otherwise provided by this section. (2) To receive or retain a security with substantially the same terms and conditions as the security originally held, provided that the receipt or retention of that security is not a step in a series of subsequent transactions that directly or indirectly through acquisition or otherwise involves future combinations or reorganizations of one or more rollup participants. Securities received or retained will be considered to have the same terms and conditions as the security originally held if: (A) There is no material adverse change to dissenting limited partners’ rights, including, but not limited to, rights with respect to voting, the business plan, or the investment, distribution, management compensation and liquidation policies of the limited partnership or resulting entity. (B) The dissenting limited partners receive the same preferences, privileges, and priorities as they had pursuant to the security originally held. The rights set forth in paragraphs (1) and (2) are the only rights of dissenting limited partners to which the presumption under this subdivision applies. A general partner or sponsor shall file an application for qualification pursuant to Section 25110 or Section 25120 with respect to any other rights proposed to be offered to dissenting limited partners. At the time a registration statement is filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to an eligible rollup transaction, a general partner or sponsor shall notify, to the maximum extent permitted by the federal securities laws, each limited partner who has an address in this state by certified mail of the following: That a registration statement has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to a rollup transaction; that the general partner or sponsor claims an exemption from the review process under the law by virtue of Section 25014.7, which defines “eligible rollup transaction”; that the general partner or sponsor has the burden of proof under the law that the transaction meets the definition of eligible rollup transaction; and that the commissioner does not recommend or endorse the transaction. (c) The rights of limited partners shall be presumed not to be protected if the general partner: (1) Converts an equity interest in the limited partnerships subject to a rollup for which consideration was not paid and which was not otherwise provided for in the limited partnership agreement and disclosed to limited partners, into a voting interest in the new entity, provided, however, an interest originally obtained in order to comply with the provisions of Internal Revenue Service Revenue Proclamation 89-12 may be converted. (2) Fails to follow the valuation provisions in the limited partnership agreements of the subject limited partners when valuing their limited partnership interests. (3) Utilizes a future value of their equity interest rather than the current value of their equity interest, as determined by an appraisal conducted in a manner consistent with paragraph (1) of subdivision (b), when determining their interest in the new entity. (d) The rights of limited partners shall be presumed not to be protected as to voting rights, if: (1) The voting rights in the entity resulting from a rollup do not generally follow the original voting rights of the limited partnerships participating in the rollup transaction. (2) A majority of the interest in an entity resulting from a rollup transaction may not, without concurrence by the sponsor, general partners, board of directors or trustee, depending on the form of entity, vote to: (A) Amend the limited partnership agreement, articles of incorporation or bylaws, or indenture. (B) Dissolve the entity. (C) Remove management and elect new management. (D) Approve or disapprove the sale of substantially all of the assets of the entity. (3) The general partner or sponsor proposing a rollup is not required to provide each person whose equity interest is subject to the rollup transaction with a document which instructs the person on the proper procedure for voting against or dissenting from the rollup transaction. (4) The general partner or sponsor does not utilize an independent third party to receive and tabulate all votes and dissents, and require that the third party make the tabulation available to the general partner and any limited partner upon request at any time during and after voting occurs. (e) The rights of limited partners shall be presumed not to be protected as to transaction costs if: (1) Limited partners bear an unfair portion of the transaction costs of a proposed rollup transaction that is rejected. For purposes of this provision, transaction costs are defined as the costs of printing and mailing the proxy, prospectus, or other documents; legal fees not related to the solicitation of votes or tenders; financial advisory fees; investment banking fees; appraisal fees; accounting fees; independent committee expenses; travel expenses; and all other fees related to the preparatory work of the transaction, but not including costs that would have otherwise been incurred by the subject limited partnerships in the ordinary course of business, or solicitation expenses. (2) Transaction costs of a rejected rollup transaction are not apportioned between general and limited partners of the subject limited partnerships according to the final vote on the proposed transaction as follows: (A) The general partner or sponsor bears all rollup transaction costs in proportion to the number of votes to reject the rollup transaction. (B) Limited partners bear transaction costs in proportion to the number of votes to approve the rollup transaction. (3) The dissenting limited partnership is required to pay any of the costs of the rollup transaction and the general partner or sponsor is not required to pay the rollup transaction costs on behalf of the dissenting limited partnerships in a rollup in which one or more limited partnerships determines not to approve the transaction, but where the rollup transaction is consummated with respect to one or more approving limited partnerships. (f) The rights of limited partners shall be presumed not to be protected as to fees of general partners and sponsors, if: (1) General partners and sponsors are not prevented from receiving both unearned management fees discounted to a present value, if those fees were not previously provided for in the limited partnership agreement and disclosed to limited partners, and new asset-based fees. (2) Property management fees and other management fees are not appropriate, not reasonable and greater than what would be paid to third parties for performing similar services. (3) Changes in fees which are substantial and adverse to limited partners are not approved by an independent committee according to the facts and circumstances of each transaction. (g) A general partner or sponsor proposing a rollup transaction shall pay all solicitation expenses related to the transaction, including all preparatory work related thereto, in the event the rollup transaction is not approved. For purposes of this section, “solicitation expenses” include direct marketing expenses such as telephone calls, broker-dealer factsheets, legal and other fees related to the solicitation, as well as direct solicitation compensation to brokers and dealers. (h) A broker or dealer may not receive compensation for soliciting votes or tenders from limited partners in connection with a rollup transaction unless that compensation: (1) Is payable and equal in amount regardless of whether the limited partner votes affirmatively or negatively in the proposed rollup. (2) In the aggregate, does not exceed 2 percent of the exchange value of the newly created securities. (3) Is paid regardless of whether the limited partners reject the proposed rollup transaction. (i) As used in this section, the following terms have the following meanings: (1) “Limited partnership” includes any entity determined to be a “partnership” pursuant to Section 14(h)(4)(B) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 or such other entity having a substantially economically equivalent form of ownership instrument. (2) “Dissenting limited partner” means a holder or a beneficial interest in a limited partnership that is the subject of a rollup transaction who casts a vote against the rollup transaction, except that for purposes of an exchange or tender offer dissenting limited partner means any person who files a dissent from the terms of the transaction with the party responsible for tabulating the votes or tenders, to be received in connection with the transaction during the period in which the offer is outstanding. (3) “Management fee” means a fee paid to the sponsor, general partner, their affiliates, or other persons for management and administration of the limited partnership.

Cal. Corporations Code - CORP § 25015. Section 25015.

“Real estate development” means a development (a) which consists or will consist of separately owned lots, parcels or areas with either or both of the following features: (1) one or more additional continguous or noncontiguous lots, parcels, or areas owned in common by the owners of the separately owned lots, parcels, or areas, or (2) mutual, common, or reciprocal interests in or restrictions upon all or portions of such separately owned lots, parcels, or areas; and (b) in which the several owners of the separately owned lots, parcels, or areas have rights, directly or indirectly, to the beneficial use and enjoyment of the lots, parcels, or areas owned in common, or any one or more of them or portions thereof or interests therein, or of the interests or restrictions referred to in clause (a) above, or both. The estate in a separately or commonly owned lot, parcel, or area may be an estate of inheritance or perpetual estate, an estate for life, or an estate for years. The common ownership of the lots, parcels, or areas or the enjoyment of the interests or restrictions referred to in clause (a) above or both may be through ownership of shares of stock or memberships in an owners’ association or otherwise.

Cal. Corporations Code - CORP § 25016. Section 25016.

“Rule” means any published regulation or standard of general application issued by the commissioner. “Order” means a consent, authorization, approval, permit, or requirement applicable to a specific case issued by the commissioner.

Cal. Corporations Code - CORP § 25017. Section 25017.

(a) “Sale” or “sell” includes every contract of sale of, contract to sell, or disposition of, a security or interest in a security for value. “Sale” or “sell” includes any exchange of securities and any change in the rights, preferences, privileges, or restrictions of or on outstanding securities. (b) “Offer” or “offer to sell” includes every attempt or offer to dispose of, or solicitation of an offer to buy, a security or interest in a security for value. (c) Any security given or delivered with, or as a bonus on account of, any purchase of securities or any other thing constitutes a part of the subject of the purchase and is considered to have been offered and sold for value. (d) A purported gift of assessable stock involves an offer and sale. (e) Every sale or offer of a warrant or right to purchase or subscribe to another security of the same or another issuer, as well as every sale or offer of a security which gives the holder a present or future right or privilege to convert the security into another security of the same or another issuer, includes an offer and sale of the other security only at the time of the offer or sale of the warrant or right or convertible security; but neither the exercise of the right to purchase or subscribe or to convert nor the issuance of securities pursuant thereto is an offer or sale. (f) The terms defined in this section do not include: (1) any bona fide secured transaction in or loan of outstanding securities; (2) any stock dividend payable with respect to common stock of a corporation solely (except for any cash or scrip paid for fractional shares) in shares of such common stock, if the corporation has no other class of voting stock outstanding; provided, that shares issued in any such dividend shall be subject to any conditions previously imposed by the commissioner applicable to the shares with respect to which they are issued; or (3) any act incident to a transaction or reorganization approved by a state or federal court in which securities are issued and exchanged for one or more outstanding securities, claims, or property interests, or partly in that exchange and partly for cash, and nothing in this division shall be construed to prohibit a court from applying the protections described in Section 25014.7 or 25140 and the regulations adopted thereunder when approving any transaction involving a rollup participant.

Cal. Corporations Code - CORP § 25018. Section 25018.

“Securities Act of 1933,” “Securities Exchange Act of 1934,” “Investment Advisers Act of 1940,” and “Investment Company Act of 1940” mean the federal statutes of those names as amended before or after the effective date of this law.

Cal. Corporations Code - CORP § 25019. Section 25019.

“Security” means any note; stock; treasury stock; membership in an incorporated or unincorporated association; bond; debenture; evidence of indebtedness; certificate of interest or participation in any profit-sharing agreement; collateral trust certificate; preorganization certificate or subscription; transferable share; investment contract; viatical settlement contract or a fractionalized or pooled interest therein; life settlement contract or a fractionalized or pooled interest therein; voting trust certificate; certificate of deposit for a security; interest in a limited liability company and any class or series of those interests (including any fractional or other interest in that interest), except a membership interest in a limited liability company in which the person claiming this exception can prove that all of the members are actively engaged in the management of the limited liability company; provided that evidence that members vote or have the right to vote, or the right to information concerning the business and affairs of the limited liability company, or the right to participate in management, shall not establish, without more, that all members are actively engaged in the management of the limited liability company; certificate of interest or participation in an oil, gas or mining title or lease or in payments out of production under that title or lease; put, call, straddle, option, or privilege on any security, certificate of deposit, or group or index of securities (including any interest therein or based on the value thereof); or any put, call, straddle, option, or privilege entered into on a national securities exchange relating to foreign currency; any beneficial interest or other security issued in connection with a funded employees’ pension, profit sharing, stock bonus, or similar benefit plan; or, in general, any interest or instrument commonly known as a “security”; or any certificate of interest or participation in, temporary or interim certificate for, receipt for, guarantee of, or warrant or right to subscribe to or purchase, any of the foregoing. All of the foregoing are securities whether or not evidenced by a written document. “Security” does not include: (1) any beneficial interest in any voluntary inter vivos trust which is not created for the purpose of carrying on any business or solely for the purpose of voting, or (2) any beneficial interest in any testamentary trust, or (3) any insurance or endowment policy or annuity contract under which an insurance company admitted in this state promises to pay a sum of money (whether or not based upon the investment performance of a segregated fund) either in a lump sum or periodically for life or some other specified period, or (4) any franchise subject to registration under the Franchise Investment Law (Division 5 (commencing with Section 31000)), or exempted from registration by Section 31100 or 31101.

Cal. Corporations Code - CORP § 25021. Section 25021.

“Subdivided lands” and “subdivision” have the meanings prescribed in Sections 11000, 11004.5, and 11218 of the Business and Professions Code.

Cal. Corporations Code - CORP § 25022. Section 25022.

“Underwriter” means a person who has agreed with an issuer or other person on whose behalf a distribution is to be made (a) to purchase securities for distribution or (b) to distribute securities for or on behalf of such issuer or other person or (c) to manage or supervise a distribution of securities for or on behalf of such issuer or other person.

Cal. Corporations Code - CORP § 25023. Section 25023.

(a) Except as provided in subdivision (b), “viatical settlement contract” means an agreement entered into between a person owning a life insurance policy upon the life of a person with a catastrophic or life-threatening illness or condition and another person by which the policy owner receives compensation or anything of value less than the death benefits of the insurance policy in return for an assignment, transfer, sale, devise, or bequest of the death benefits or ownership of the insurance policy, and “life settlement contract” means an agreement, other than a viatical settlement contract, for the purchase, sale, assignment, transfer, devise, or bequest of any portion of the death benefit or ownership of a life insurance policy or certificate for consideration that is less than the expected death benefit of the life insurance policy or certificate. (b) “Viatical settlement contract” and “life settlement contract” do not include any of the following: (1) The assignment, transfer, sale, devise, or bequest of a death benefit, life insurance policy, or certificate of insurance by the insured or the original owner to any person if the assignment, transfer, sale, devise, or bequest (A) is not accompanied by the publication of any advertisement and (B) is not effected by or through a broker-dealer (Section 25004). (2) The assignment of a life insurance policy to a bank, savings bank, savings association, credit union, or other lender (either licensed or not required to be licensed) as collateral for a loan, or to a stop-loss insurer or reinsurer. (3) The exercise of accelerated benefits pursuant to the terms of a life insurance policy issued in accordance with the insurance laws of this state. (4) The assignment, transfer, sale, devise, or bequest of any undivided death benefit, life insurance policy, or certificate of insurance by an entity licensed pursuant to Section 10113.2 of the Insurance Code, or a viatical or life settlement provider licensed from another state, to one individual or entity, provided that the individual or entity represents that the individual or entity is purchasing for its own account (or trust account, if the entity is a trustee) and not with a view to or for sale in connection with a distribution of the individual death benefit, life insurance policy, or certificate of insurance.
Source: CA Legislative Counsel Bulk DataURL: https://downloads.leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/pubinfo_2025.zipFetched: 6/27/2026

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