Scope
N.D. Cent. Code § 9-16-02
in effect9-16-02. Scope
1. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2 or 3, this chapter applies to electronic
records and electronic signatures relating to a transaction.
2. Except as provided in subsection 3, this chapter does not apply to a transaction to the
extent the transaction is governed by:
a. A law governing the creation and execution of wills, codicils, or testamentary
trusts;
b. The Uniform Commercial Code other than section 41-01-20 and chapters 41-02
and 41-02.1; and
c. Chapters 41-03, 41-04, 41-04.1, 41-05, 41-07, 41-08, or 41-09.
3. Section 9-16-19 applies only to title 10 and transactions governed by chapters 41-02,
41-02.1, and 41-07.
4. This chapter applies to an electronic record or electronic signature otherwise excluded
from the application of this chapter under subsection 2 or 3, to the extent it is governed
by a law other than those specified in subsection 2 or 3.
5. A transaction subject to this chapter is also subject to other applicable substantive law.
Source: Open US Law by Vaquill AI (CC BY 4.0)URL: https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t09c16.pdf#nameddest=9-16-02Fetched: 10/16/2026