Section BC 903: Automatic Sprinkler Systems
903.1 General.
Automatic sprinkler systems shall comply with this section. Installation of automatic sprinkler systems shall comply with the special inspection requirements of Chapter 17.
903.1.1 Alternative protection.
Where permitted by the New York City Fire Code, the Fire Department may approve the installation of alternative automatic fire-extinguishing systems complying with this code and the New York City Fire Code in lieu of automatic sprinkler protection.
(Am. L.L. 2018/195, 12/1/2018, eff. 5/30/2019)
Editor's note: For related unconsolidated provisions, see Appendix A at L.L. 2018/195.
903.1.2 Construction documents.
Construction documents for automatic sprinkler systems shall contain plans that include the following data and information:
1. The location and size of water supplies and the location, number, and type of sprinkler heads to be used, with approximate location and size of all feed mains, valves and other essential features of the system. For hydraulically calculated systems, hydraulic data substantiating pipe sizes shown shall be submitted and hydraulic reference points and areas must be indicated on the plan. If any other methods are utilized to size the sprinkler system and its components, as allowed by NFPA 13, supporting documentation shall be submitted to the department.
2. A diagram showing the proposed sprinkler system in relation to principal construction features of the building, such as its size, walls, columns, and partitions; and such other information as may be necessary for the evaluation of the system.
3. The location, number, and type of any electrical or automatic devices or alarms to be used in the system.
4. In buildings where a new separate fire sprinkler system is required, the available water pressure at the top and bottom floors of each zone shall be shown on the riser diagram.
5. For street pressure-fed systems and fire pumps, a statement from the New York City Department of Environmental Protection, giving the minimum water pressure in the main serving the building.
903.2 Where required.
Approved automatic sprinkler systems in new buildings and structures shall be provided in the locations described in Sections 903.2.1 through 903.2.13.
Exceptions:
1. Sprinklers shall not be required in electrical equipment rooms where all of the following conditions are met:
1.1. The room is dedicated to electrical equipment only.
1.2 Only dry-type electrical equipment is used.
1.3 Equipment is installed in a 2-hour fire-rated enclosure including protection for penetrations.
1.4 No combustible storage is permitted to be stored in the room.
2. Sprinklers shall not be permitted in elevator machine rooms and elevator machinery spaces.
3. Sprinklers shall not be required in rooms and spaces protected by an alternative fire suppression system in accordance with the New York City Fire Code and Section 904 of this code.
903.2.1 Group A.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout buildings and portions thereof used as Group A occupancies as provided in this section. For Group A-1, A-2, A-3 and A-4 occupancies, the automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout the floor area where the Group A-1, A-2, A-3 or A-4 occupancy is located, and in all floors between the Group A occupancy and the level of exit discharge. For Group A-5 occupancies, the automatic sprinkler system shall be provided in the spaces indicated in Section 903.2.1.5. In all Group A occupancies providing live entertainment, dressing rooms and property rooms used in conjunction with such assembly occupancy shall be provided with an automatic sprinkler system. Stages shall comply with Section 410.7.
903.2.1.1 Group A-1.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided for Group A-1 occupancies where any one of the following conditions exists:
1. The fire area exceeds 12,000 square feet (1114.8 m2).
2. The fire area has an occupant load of 300 or more.
3. The aggregate occupant load of all fire areas occupied by Group A, located on any given floor other than the level of exit discharge, is 300 or more.
4. The fire area contains a multitheater complex.
903.2.1.2 Group A-2.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided for Group A-2 occupancies where any one of the following conditions exists:
1. The fire area exceeds 5,000 square feet (464.5 m2).
2. The fire area has an occupant load of 300 or more.
3. The aggregate occupant load of all fire areas occupied by Group A, located on any given floor other than the level of exit discharge, is 300 or more.
4. The A-2 occupancy is used as a cabaret.
903.2.1.3 Group A-3.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided for Group A-3 occupancies where any one of the following conditions exists:
1. The fire area exceeds 12,000 square feet (1114.8 m2).
2. The fire area has an occupant load of 300 or more.
3. The aggregate occupant load of all fire areas occupied by Group A, located on any given floor other than the level of exit discharge, is 300 or more.
Exception: Areas used exclusively as participant sports areas where the main floor area is located at the same level as the level of exit discharge of the main entrance and exit.
903.2.1.4 Group A-4.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided for Group A-4 occupancies where any one of the following conditions exists:
1. The fire area exceeds 12,000 square feet (1114.8 m2).
2. The fire area has an occupant load of 300 or more.
3. The aggregate occupant load of all fire areas occupied by Group A, located on any given floor other than the level of exit discharge, is 300 or more.
Exception: Areas used exclusively as participant sports areas where the main floor area is located at the same level as the level of exit discharge of the main entrance and exit.
903.2.1.5 Group A-5.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided in all enclosed areas of the structure, including but not limited to the concession concourse, concession stands, retail areas, press boxes and other accessory occupancies, in excess of 1,000 square feet (92.9 m2).
903.2.1.6 Assembly occupancies on roofs.
Where an occupied roof has an assembly occupancy with an occupant load exceeding 100 for Group A-2 and 300 for other Group A occupancies, all floors between the occupied roof and the level of exit discharge shall be equipped with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2.
Exception: Open parking garages of Type I or Type II construction.
903.2.1.7 Multiple fire areas.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided where multiple fire areas of Group A-1, A-2, A-3 or A-4 occupancies share exit or exit access components and the combined occupant load of theses fire areas is 300 or more.
903.2.2 Group B.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed for Group B occupancies as provided in Sections 903.2.2.1 and 903.2.2.2.
(Am. L.L. 2015/078, 9/2/2015, eff. 12/31/2015)
903.2.2.1 Ambulatory health care facilities.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout all fire areas containing a Group B ambulatory health care facility occupancy. In buildings where ambulatory care is provided on levels other than the level of exit discharge, an automatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout the entire floor where such care is provided as well as all floors below, and all floors between the level of ambulatory care and the nearest level of exit discharge, including the level of exit discharge.
(L.L. 2015/078, 9/2/2015, eff. 12/31/2015)
903.2.2.2 Animal service facilities.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided for animal service facilities.
Exceptions:
1. Animal service facilities that provide 24 hour in-person supervision of animals sheltered therein and are equipped with smoke alarms.
2. Animal service facilities that were in operation on or before December 31, 2016, and are equipped with an automatic smoke detection system.
(L.L. 2015/078, 9/2/2015, eff. 12/31/2015)
903.2.3 Group E.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided for Group E occupancies as follows:
1. Throughout all Group E fire areas greater than 12,000 square feet (1114.8 m2) in area.
2. Throughout every portion of educational buildings below the level of exit discharge.
Exception: An automatic sprinkler system is not required in any fire area or area below the level of exit discharge where every classroom throughout the building has not fewer than one exterior exit door at ground level without intervening corridors, passageways, interior exit stairways or ramps or exit passageways.
903.2.4 Group F.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout all buildings containing a Group F occupancy where any one of the following conditions exists:
1. Where a Group F-1 fire area exceeds 12,000 square feet (1114.8 m2);
2. Where a Group F-1 fire area is located more than three stories above grade plane;
3. Where the combined area of all Group F-1 fire areas on all floors, including any mezzanines, exceeds 24,000 square feet (2229.7 m2);
4. Where required by Section 280 of the New York State Labor Law for "factory buildings" defined in Section 2 of such law; or
5. Where a Group F-1 occupancy used for the manufacture of upholstered furniture or mattresses exceeds 2,500 square feet (232.3 m2).
903.2.4.1 Woodworking operations.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout all Group F-1 occupancy fire areas that contain woodworking operations in excess of 2,500 square feet (232.3 m2) in area that generate finely divided combustible waste or use finely divided combustible materials.
903.2.4.2 Repair garages.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout all buildings used as repair garages in accordance with Section 406, as follows:
1. Buildings two or more stories in height, including basements, with a fire area containing a repair garage exceeding 10,000 square feet (929 m2).
2. One-story buildings with a fire area containing a repair garage exceeding 12,000 square feet (1114.8 m2).
3. A Group F-1 fire area used for the repair of commercial trucks or buses where the fire area exceeds 5,000 square feet (464.5 m2).
4. Buildings with a repair garage servicing vehicles parked in the basement.
903.2.4.3 Group F-1 fire areas.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout any Group F-1 occupancy fire area where any one of the following conditions exists:
1. The fire area exceeds 7,500 square feet (696.8 m2).
2. The fire area of any size is located more than 3 stories above grade.
903.2.5 Group H.
Automatic sprinkler systems shall be provided in high-hazard occupancies as required in the New York City Fire Code and Sections 903.2.5.1 through 903.2.5.3 of this code.
903.2.5.1 General.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed in Group H occupancies. An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout buildings with a main use or dominant occupancy of Group H.
903.2.5.2 Group H-5 occupancies.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout buildings containing Group H-5 occupancies. The design of the sprinkler system shall not be less than that required by this code for the occupancy hazard classifications in accordance with Table 903.2.5.2. Where the design area of the sprinkler system consists of a corridor protected by one row of sprinklers, the maximum number of sprinklers required to be calculated is 13.
Table 903.2.5.2
Group H-5 Sprinkler Design Criteria
Location Occupancy Hazard Classification
Fabrication areas Ordinary Hazard Group 2
Service corridors Ordinary Hazard Group 2
Storage rooms without dispensing Ordinary Hazard Group 2
Storage rooms with dispensing Extra Hazard Group 2
Corridors Ordinary Hazard Group 2
903.2.5.3 Pyroxylin plastics.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided in buildings, or portions thereof, where cellulose nitrate film or pyroxylin plastics are manufactured, stored or handled in quantities exceeding 100 pounds (45.4 kg).
903.2.6 Group I.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided in Group I occupancies. An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout buildings with a main use or dominant occupancy of Group I.
Exceptions:
1. An automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.2 or 903.3.1.3 shall be allowed in Group I-1 facilities if located in an I-1 occupancy building or a residential building, provided such building is six stories or less in height.
2. An automatic sprinkler system is not required where Group I-4 day care facilities are at the level of exit discharge and where every room where care is provided has not fewer than one exterior exit door.
3. In buildings where Group I-4 day care is provided on levels other than the level of exit discharge, an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 shall be installed on the entire floor where care is provided, all floors between the level of care and the level of exit discharge, and all floors below the level of exit discharge other than areas classified as an open parking garage.
903.2.7 Group M.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout buildings containing a Group M occupancy where any one of the following conditions exists:
1. Where a Group M fire area exceeds 12,000 square feet (1114.8 m2);
2. Where a Group M fire area is located more than three stories above grade plane.
3. Where the combined area of all Group M fire areas on all floors, including any mezzanines, exceeds 24,000 square feet (2229.7 m2).
4. A Group M occupancy used for the display and sale of upholstered furniture or mattresses exceeds 5,000 square feet (464.5 m2).
903.2.7.1 High-piled storage.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided in accordance with the New York City Fire Code in all buildings of Group M where storage of merchandise is in high-piled or rack storage arrays.
903.2.7.2 Group M fire areas.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout any Group M occupancy fire area where any one of the following conditions exists:
1. The fire area exceeds 7,500 square feet (696.8 m2).
2. The fire area of any size contains an unenclosed stair or escalator connecting two or more floors.
(Am. L.L. 2023/077, 6/11/2023, eff. 6/11/2023)
Editor's note: For related unconsolidated provisions, see Appendix A at L.L. 2023/077.
903.2.8 Group R.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed in Group R fire areas. An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout buildings with a main use or dominant occupancy of Group R.
Exception: An automatic sprinkler system shall not be required in detached one- and two-family dwellings and multiple single-family dwellings (town houses), provided that such structures are not more than three stories above grade plane in height and have separate means of egress.
903.2.9 Group S-1.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout all buildings containing a Group S-1 occupancy where any one of the following conditions exists:
1. A Group S-1 fire area exceeds 12,000 square feet (1114.8 m2).
2. The building is greater than 1,000 square feet (92.9 m2) in area and the main use or dominant occupancy is Group S-1.
3. A Group S-1 fire area is located more than three stories above grade plane.
4. The combined area of all Group S-1 fire areas on all floors, including any mezzanines, exceeds 24,000 square feet (2229.7 m2).
5. A Group S-1 fire area used for the storage of commercial motor vehicles where the fire area exceeds 5,000 square feet (464.5 m2).
6. A Group S-1 occupancy used for the storage of upholstered furniture or mattresses exceeds 2,500 square feet (232.3 m2).
903.2.9.1 Group S-1 fire areas.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout any Group S-1 occupancy fire area where the fire area exceeds 500 square feet (46.5 m2).
903.2.9.2 Bulk storage of tires.
Buildings and structures where the area for the storage of tires exceeds 500 square feet (46.5 m2) or 7,500 cubic feet (212.3 m3) shall be equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.
903.2.9.3 High-piled storage.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided in accordance with the New York City Fire Code in all buildings or portions thereof in Group S-1 occupancies where the storage of merchandise is in high-piled or rack storage arrays.
903.2.10 Group S-2.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout buildings greater than 5,000 square feet (464.5 m2) in areas where the main use or dominant occupancy is Group S-2.
903.2.10.1 Commercial parking garages.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout buildings used for storage of commercial trucks, buses or other commercial motor vehicles where the fire area exceeds 5,000 square feet (464.5 m2).
903.2.10.2 Group S-2 fire areas.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout any Group S-2 occupancy fire area greater than 5,000 square feet (464.5 m2).
903.2.10.3 Parking garages.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout buildings classified as enclosed parking garages in accordance with Section 406.4 or where an open or enclosed parking garage is located beneath other occupancy groups.
Exception: Parking garages located beneath Group R-3 occupancies.
903.2.10.4 High-piled storage.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided in all buildings or portions thereof of Group S-2 occupancies in accordance with the New York City Fire Code.
903.2.11 Specific building areas and hazards.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed for building design or hazards in the locations set forth in Sections 903.2.11.1 through 903.2.11.13.
903.2.11.1 Above- or below-grade stories.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout every above- or below-grade story of all buildings where the floor area exceeds 1,500 square feet (139.4 m2) and where not fewer than one of the following types of exterior wall openings is provided:
1. Openings below grade that lead directly to ground level by an exterior stairway complying with Section 1011 or an outside ramp complying with Section 1012. Openings shall be located in each 50 linear feet (15 240 mm), or fraction thereof, of exterior walls facing onto a street, public way or frontage space, in the story on at least one side. The required openings shall be distributed such that the lineal distance between adjacent openings does not exceed 50 feet (15 240 mm).
2. Openings entirely above the adjoining ground level totaling not less than 20 square feet (1.86 m2) in each 50 linear feet (15 240 mm), or fraction thereof, of exterior walls facing onto a street, public way or frontage space, in the story on at least one side. The required openings shall be distributed such that the lineal distance between adjacent openings does not exceed 50 feet (15 240 mm). The bottom of the clear opening shall not exceed 36 inches (914.4 mm) measured from the floor.
903.2.11.1.1 Opening dimensions and access.
Such openings shall have a minimum dimension of not less than 30 inches (762 mm). Such openings shall be accessible to the Fire Department from the exterior and shall not be obstructed in a manner that firefighting or rescue cannot be accomplished from the exterior.
903.2.11.1.2 Openings on one side only.
Where such openings in a story are provided on only one side and the opposite wall of such story is more than 100 feet (30 480 mm) from such openings, the story shall be equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system, or openings as specified above shall be provided on not fewer than two sides of the story.
903.2.11.1.3 Below-grade stories.
Where any portion of a below-grade story is located more than 75 feet (22 860 mm) from openings required by Section 903.2.11.1, or where walls, partitions, or other obstructions are installed that restrict the application of water from hose streams, the below-grade story shall be equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system.
903.2.11.2 Other above-grade stories.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout every above-grade story of buildings below a height of 100 feet (30 480 mm), other than the first story or ground floor, on which access is not provided directly from the outdoors by at least one window or readily identifiable access panel within each 50 feet (15 240 mm) or fraction thereof of horizontal length of every wall that fronts on a street or frontage space required pursuant to Section 501.3.1.
903.2.11.2.1 Opening dimensions and access.
Such windows shall be openable from the inside or breakable from both the inside and the outside, and shall have a size when open of at least 24 inches by 36 inches (609.6 mm by 914.4 mm). Such panels shall be openable from both the inside and outside and shall have a height when open of 48 inches (1220 mm) and a width of at least 32 inches (812.8 mm). The sill of the window or panel shall not be higher than 36 inches (914.4 mm) above the inside floor. Where not all of the windows are openable or breakable, the windows intended to satisfy the requirements of this section shall be readily identifiable.
903.2.11.3 Other below-grade stories.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout every first basement or cellar story below grade of buildings on which access is not provided directly from the outdoors within each 100 feet (30 480 mm) or fraction thereof of horizontal length of every wall that fronts on a street or frontage space required pursuant to Section 501.3.1.
Exceptions:
1. One- and two-family dwellings need not provide direct access.
2. Any building classified in Occupancy Group R-2 not more than three stories in height and with not more than two dwelling units on any story need not provide direct access when such first basement or cellar story is used for dwelling units or for uses accessory to the residential use in the building.
3. Except as provided in Exception 2, above, for Group R-1 and R-2 occupancies, only one direct access from the outdoors to the first basement or cellar story consisting of a stair or door shall be required when such story is used for dwelling units or for uses accessory to the residential use in the building.
903.2.11.3.1 Opening dimensions and access.
Such access shall be by stairs, doors, windows or other means that provide an opening 48 inches (1220 mm) high and 32 inches (812.8 mm) wide, the sill of which shall not be higher than 36 inches (914.4 mm) above the inside floor. If an areaway is used to provide below grade access, the minimum horizontal dimension shall be at least one-third the depth of the areaway or 6 feet (1828.8 mm), whichever is less.
903.2.11.4 Signs obstructing openings.
Where wall signs are erected to cover doors or windows of existing buildings, access panels shall be provided as necessary to comply with the requirements of Section 903.2.11.
903.2.11.5 Compliance with the New York State Multiple Dwelling Law.
Nothing in Section 903.2.11 shall be construed so as to supersede any applicable provisions of Section 54 of the New York State Multiple Dwelling Law relating to access to cellars or basements in multiple dwellings.
903.2.11.6 Rubbish and linen chutes.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed at the top of rubbish and linen chutes, in chute access rooms, and in their terminal rooms. Chutes shall have additional sprinkler heads installed at alternate floors and at the lowest intake. Where a rubbish chute extends through a building more than one floor below the lowest intake, or through areas with no openings, such an extension shall have sprinklers installed that are recessed from the drop area of the chute and protected from freezing in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1. Such sprinklers shall be installed at alternate floors, beginning with the second level below the last intake and ending with the floor above the discharge. All chute sprinklers shall be accessible for servicing and shall not obstruct the vertical path for rubbish or linens.
903.2.11.7 Buildings 55 feet (16 764 mm) or more in height.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout buildings that have one or more stories with an occupant load of 30 or more located 55 feet (16 764 mm) or more above the lowest level of Fire Department vehicle access, measured to the finished floor.
Exceptions:
1. Open parking structures without any other occupancy groups, unless otherwise required.
2. Occupancies in Group F-2, unless required by the New York State Department of Labor.
903.2.11.8 Ducts conveying hazardous exhausts.
Where required by the New York City Mechanical Code, automatic sprinklers shall be provided in ducts conveying hazardous exhaust or flammable or combustible materials.
Exception: Ducts where the largest cross-sectional diameter of the duct is less than 10 inches (254 mm).
903.2.11.9 Commercial cooking operations.
An automatic sprinkler system shall not be installed in a commercial kitchen exhaust hood and duct system. Fire-extinguishing systems shall be installed in commercial cooking systems in accordance with this code and the New York City Fire Code.
(Am. L.L. 2018/195, 12/1/2018, eff. 5/30/2019)
Editor's note: For related unconsolidated provisions, see Appendix A at L.L. 2018/195.
903.2.11.10 Other buildings, occupancies and areas.
In addition to the requirements of Section 903.2, the provisions indicated in Table 903.2.11.10 also require the installation of a suppression system for certain buildings and areas. Suppression systems shall also be required as provided for in other sections of this code, the New York City Fuel Gas Code, and the New York City Mechanical Code.
Table 903.2.11.10
Additional Required Suppression Systems
Occupancy Group, specified use, materials or equipment (in alphabetical order) Code section
Aerosol warehouses FC 2804.4.1
Aircraft hangers BC 412.4.6, BC 412.4.6.1, BC 412.6.5
Airport traffic control towers BC 412.3.6
Atriums BC 404.3
Automated storage; buildings with FC 3209.2
Children's play structures BC 424.3
Chutes; refuse and laundry BC 713.13
Chute vestibules BC Appendix Q 22.15.2.2.1
Cold storage buildings: ice plants, food plants and food processing rooms with foam insulation up to 10 inches in thickness BC 2603.3
Combustible fibers; storage at waterfront structures FC 3706.6
Combustible fibers, loose; storage of more than 1,000 sq ft of FC 3704.5
Commercial cooking systems BC 904.12 FC 904.11
Commercial cooking systems with solid fuel storage FC 609.5
Commercial cooking system with Type I hood BC 904.2.1 MC 509.1
Covered mall and open mall buildings BC 402.5
Dead-end public streets; buildings on FC 503.3.1
Dip tank rooms FC 2405.1
Dip tanks FC 2405.3.4.1
Dry cleaning machines FC 1208.3
Dry cleaning plants FC 1208.2
Drying rooms BC 417.4
Elevator lobbies BC 3006.1.1
Exhausted enclosures FC 5003.8.5
Extra-high-rack combustible storage; buildings with FC 3208.5.1
Flammable and combustible liquid in Group H-2 or H-3 areas FC 5705.3.7.3
Flammable and combustible liquid storage rooms FC 5704.5.7.5.1
Flammable and combustible liquid storage warehouses FC 3404.3.8.4
Flammable finishes BC 416.5
Fuel-oil tanks and fuel-oil burning equipment; rooms containing MC 1305.13.3
Furnaces: Class A and B FC 3006.1
Furnaces: Class C and D FC 3006.2
Gas rooms FC 5003.8.4
Glazing in smoke partition BC 710.2
Group H-2 BC 415.9.1.3
Group H-5, including but not limited to: workstations, gas cabinet, exhausted enclosures, pass-throughs in exit access corridors and exhaust ducts BC 415.11
Group I-2 BC 407.6
Hardening and tempering tanks FC 2405.4.4
Hazardous exhaust system ducts MC 510.8
Hazardous materials; indoor handling or use of FC 5005.1.8
Hazardous materials; indoor storage of FC 5004.5
Hazardous Production Material ("HPM") corridors FC 2703.10.3
Hazardous Production Material ("HPM") exhaust ducts FC 2703.10.4
Hazardous Production Material ("HPM") facilities FC 2703.10
Hazardous Production Material ("HPM") gas cabinets FC 2703.10.2
Hazardous Production Material ("HPM") work station exhaust FC 2703.10.1.1
High Pressure Gas Installations; buildings with FGC G.2.3
Highly toxic and toxic compressed gases; exhausted enclosures for FC 6004.1.3
Highly toxic and toxic compressed gases; gas cabinets containing FC 6904.1.2
Highly toxic and toxic compressed gases; gas rooms utilizing FC 6004.2.2.6
Highly toxic and toxic compressed gases; outdoor storage of FC 6004.3.3
High-rise buildings BC 403.3
Incidental uses BC 509.4.2
Equipment platforms BC 505.3.2
Kiosks in covered mall buildings BC 402.6.2
Kiosks, displays, booths, or concession stands; covered FC 314.5.1
Laboratory units; non-production BC 427.6.1
Liquefied petroleum gas ("LPG") within buildings accessible to the public; storage of FC 6109.9
Liquids, Class II and III, below grade storage of FC 5704.3.5.1
Liquids, Class II and III, below grade storage of, accessory to retail BC 414.2.5.1
Medical gas; storage of FC 5306.2.1
Organic coatings; manufacturing of BC 418.1
Oxidizer, solid and liquid; storage areas FC 6304.1.4
Plastic light diffusing system BC 2606.7.4
Pyroxylin plastic; areas with FC 6504.1.1
Pyroxylin plastic; storage and manufacturing FC 6504.2
Pyroxylin plastic; storage vaults FC 6504.1.3
Rack storage FC 3208.3
Radioactive materials and radiation-producing equipment; uses and occupancies involving BC 428.3.4
Resin application areas FC 2409.2.1
Silane gas; exhausted enclosures or gas cabinets for FC 6404
Small arms ammunition and primers, black powder or smokeless propellant; storage of FC 5606.7
Solid-piled and shelf storage FC 3207.2
Smoke-protected assembly seating BC 1029.6.2.3
Special amusement buildings BC 411.4
Spray booths and rooms FC 2404.3.3
Spray booths involving the use of organic peroxide coatings FC 2408.2.2
Spray finishing in Group A, E, I or R FC 2404.1
Stages BC 410.7
Sterilization systems; rooms with FC 5806.3.2
Storage FC Table 3206.2 FC 3206.4
Substandard width public streets; buildings on FC 503.8.2
Textile ceiling finish BC 803
Textile wall coverings BC 803
Underground buildings and spaces BC 405.3
Unlimited area buildings BC 507
(Am. L.L. 2023/077, 6/11/2023, eff. 6/11/2023)
Editor's note: For related unconsolidated provisions, see Appendix A at L.L. 2023/077.
903.2.11.11 Steel-plated and vault-like occupancies.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout all steel-plated or similarly reinforced or secured vault-like occupancies regardless of area.
903.2.11.12 Refuse collection and disposal areas.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout all areas used for the storage and sorting of refuse and recyclables.
903.2.11.13 Laundry drying areas.
An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed in spaces in which two or more clothes drying machines are installed. Sprinkler heads shall be spaced to cover the areas 5 feet (1524 mm) on all sides of the drying machines.
903.2.12 During construction.
Automatic sprinkler systems required during construction, alteration and demolition operations shall be provided in accordance with the New York City Fire Code and Chapter 33 of this code.
903.2.13 Type IV construction with cross-laminated timber (CLT) or structural composite lumber (SCL).
Automatic sprinkler systems in accordance with NFPA 13 shall be required throughout buildings utilizing Type IV construction with CLT or SCL as follows:
1. In all occupancies where the building is more than three stories above grade plane.
2. In Group B occupancies, where a floor exceeds 28,500 square feet (2647.7 m2).
903.3 Installation requirements.
Automatic sprinkler systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with Sections 903.3.1 through 903.3.8.
903.3.1 Standards.
Sprinkler systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1, 903.3.1.2 or 903.3.1.3.
903.3.1.1 NFPA 13 sprinkler systems.
Where the provisions of this code require that a building or portion thereof be equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with this section, sprinklers shall be installed throughout in accordance with NFPA 13 except as provided in Sections 903.3.1.1.1 and 903.2 of this code.
(Am. L.L. 2023/077, 6/11/2023, eff. 6/11/2023)
Editor's note: For related unconsolidated provisions, see Appendix A at L.L. 2023/077.
903.3.1.1.1 Exempt locations protected by other means.
When approved by the Fire Department, automatic sprinklers shall not be required in the following:
1. In rooms or areas protected with an approved automatic fire detection system in accordance with Section 907.2 that will respond to visible or invisible particles of combustion, and an alternative automatic fire-extinguishing system in accordance with this code and the New York City Fire Code. Sprinklers shall not be omitted from any room merely because it is of fire-resistance-rated construction or contains electrical equipment. This exemption shall not apply to a generator or transformer room unless, in addition to the above requirements, such room is separated from the remainder of the building by walls and floor/ceiling or roof/ceiling assemblies having a fire-resistance rating of not less than 2 hours, and the generator in such room shall not use high pressure flammable gas in excess of 15 psig (103.4 kPa gauge).
2. Machine rooms, machinery spaces, control rooms and control spaces associated with occupant evacuation elevators designed in accordance with Section 3008.
(Am. L.L. 2018/195, 12/1/2018, eff. 5/30/2019)
Editor's note: For related unconsolidated provisions, see Appendix A at L.L. 2018/195.
903.3.1.2 NFPA 13R sprinkler systems.
Where allowed in buildings of Group R, up to and including six stories in height, automatic sprinkler systems shall be installed throughout in accordance with NFPA 13R.
The number of stories of Group R occupancies constructed in accordance with Sections 510.2 and 510.4 shall be measured from the horizontal assembly creating separate buildings.
903.3.1.2.1 Balconies and decks.
Sprinkler protection shall be provided for exterior balconies, decks and ground-floor patios of dwelling units where the building is of Type V construction and automatic sprinkler protection is required for the Group R occupancy. Side wall sprinklers that are used to protect such areas shall be permitted to be located such that their deflectors are within 1 inch (25.4 mm) to 6 inches (152.4 mm) below the structural members, and a maximum distance of 14 inches (355.6 mm) below the deck of the exterior balconies and decks that are constructed of open wood joist construction.
903.3.1.2.2 Open-ended corridors.
Sprinkler protection and freeze protection shall be provided in open-ended corridors and associated exterior stairways and ramps as specified in Section 1027.6, Exception 3.
903.3.1.3 NFPA 13D sprinkler systems.
Where allowed, automatic sprinkler systems in one- and two-family dwellings and townhouses, up to and including six stories in height, shall be installed throughout in accordance with NFPA 13D.
903.3.2 Quick-response and residential sprinklers.
Where automatic sprinkler systems are required by this code, quick-response or residential automatic sprinklers shall be installed in all of the following areas in accordance with Section 903.3.1 and their listings:
1. Throughout all spaces within a smoke compartment containing care recipient sleeping units in Group I-2 in accordance with this code.
2. Throughout all spaces within a smoke compartment containing treatment rooms in ambulatory care facilities.
3. Dwelling units and sleeping units in Group I-1 and R occupancies.
4. Light-hazard occupancies as defined in NFPA 13.
(Am. L.L. 2023/077, 6/11/2023, eff. 6/11/2023)
Editor's note: For related unconsolidated provisions, see Appendix A at L.L. 2023/077.
903.3.3 Obstructed locations.
Automatic sprinklers shall be installed with due regard to obstructions that will delay activation or obstruct the water distribution pattern. Automatic sprinklers shall be installed in or under covered kiosks, displays, booths, concession stands, or equipment that exceeds 4 feet (1220 mm) in width. Not less than a 3-foot (914.4 mm) clearance shall be maintained between automatic sprinklers and the top of piles of combustible fibers.
Exception: Kitchen equipment under exhaust hoods protected with a fire-extinguishing system in accordance with this code and the New York City Fire Code.
(Am. L.L. 2018/195, 12/1/2018, eff. 5/30/2019)
Editor's note: For related unconsolidated provisions, see Appendix A at L.L. 2018/195.
903.3.4 Actuation.
Automatic sprinkler systems shall be automatically actuated unless specifically provided for in this code.
903.3.5 Water supplies.
Water supplies for automatic sprinkler systems shall comply with this section and the standards referenced in Section 903.3.1. The potable water supply shall be protected against back flow in accordance with the requirements of this section, the New York City Plumbing Code, and Rules of the New York City Department of Environmental Protection.
903.3.5.1 Domestic services.
Where the domestic service provides the water supply for the automatic sprinkler system, the supply shall be in accordance with NFPA 13, 13R and 13D.
903.3.5.1.1 Residential combination services.
A single combination water supply shall be permitted in accordance with NFPA 13R.
903.3.5.2 Secondary on-site water supply.
A secondary on-site water supply for high-rise buildings shall be provided in accordance with Section 403.3.3.
903.3.6 Hose threads.
Fire hose threads and fittings used in connection with automatic sprinkler systems shall be approved and compatible with Fire Department hose threads.
903.3.7 Fire Department connections.
The location of Fire Department connections for automatic sprinkler systems shall be installed in accordance with Sections 905 and 912.
903.3.8 Limited area sprinkler systems.
Limited area sprinkler systems shall be in accordance with the standards listed in Section 903.3.1 except as provided in Sections 903.3.8.1 through 903.3.8.5.
903.3.8.1 Number of sprinklers.
Limited area sprinkler systems shall not exceed six sprinklers in any single fire area.
903.3.8.2 Occupancy hazard classification.
Only areas classified by NFPA 13 as Light Hazard or Ordinary Hazard Group 1 shall be permitted to be protected by limited area sprinkler systems.
903.3.8.3 Piping arrangement.
Where a limited area sprinkler system is installed in a building with an automatic wet standpipe system, sprinklers shall be supplied by the standpipe system. Where a limited area sprinkler system is installed in a building without an automatic wet standpipe system, water shall be permitted to be supplied by the plumbing system provided that the plumbing system is capable of simultaneously supplying domestic and sprinkler demands.
903.3.8.4 Supervision.
Control valves shall not be installed between the water supply and sprinklers unless the valves are of an approved indicating type that are supervised or secured in the open position.
903.3.8.5 Calculations.
Hydraulic calculations in accordance with NFPA 13 shall be provided to demonstrate that the available water flow and pressure are adequate to supply all sprinklers installed in any single fire area with discharge densities corresponding to the hazard classification.
903.4 Sprinkler system supervision and alarms.
Valves controlling the water supply for automatic sprinkler systems, pumps, tanks, water levels and temperatures, critical air pressures and water-flow switches on all sprinkler systems shall be electrically supervised by the fire alarm system where such fire alarm system is required by Section 907.
Exceptions:
1. Automatic sprinkler systems protecting one- and two-family dwellings.
2. Limited area sprinkler systems in accordance with Section 903.3.8.
3. Automatic sprinkler systems installed in accordance with NFPA 13R where a common supply main is used to supply both domestic water and the automatic sprinkler system, and a separate shutoff valve for the automatic sprinkler system is not provided.
4. Jockey pump control valves that are sealed or locked in the open position.
5. Control valves to commercial kitchen hoods, paint spray booths or dip tanks that are sealed or locked in the open position.
6. Valves controlling the fuel supply to fire pump engines that are sealed or locked in the open position.
7. Trim valves to pressure switches in dry, preaction and deluge sprinkler systems that are sealed or locked in the open position.
903.4.1 Signals and monitoring.
Alarm, supervisory and trouble signals shall be distinctly different and shall be automatically transmitted to a central supervising station or when approved by the Fire Department, shall sound an audible signal at a constantly attended location.
Exceptions:
1. Underground key or hub valves in roadway boxes provided by the city or a public utility are not required to be monitored.
2. Backflow prevention device test valves, located in limited area sprinkler system supply piping, shall be locked in the open position. In occupancies required to be equipped with a fire alarm system, the back flow preventer valves shall be electrically supervised by a tamper switch installed in accordance with NFPA 72 and separately annunciated.
903.4.2 Alarms.
An approved audible device, located on the exterior of the building in an approved location, shall be connected to each automatic sprinkler system. Such sprinkler water-flow alarm devices shall be activated by water flow equivalent to the flow of a single sprinkler of the smallest orifice size installed in the system. Alarm devices shall be provided on the exterior of the building in an approved location or in a location approved by the Fire Department, except in buildings equipped with a fire alarm system. Where a fire alarm system is installed, actuation of the automatic sprinkler system shall actuate the building fire alarm system.
903.4.3 Floor control valves.
Approved supervised indicating control valves shall be provided at the point of connection to the riser on each floor in high-rise buildings.
903.5 Testing and maintenance.
Sprinkler systems shall be tested and maintained in accordance with the New York City Fire Code.
903.6 Painting of dedicated sprinkler piping and valve handles.
Dedicated sprinkler piping shall be painted and such painting certified in accordance with Sections 903.6.1 through 903.6.5 of this code. In addition to painting, sprinkler piping may also be identified by lettered legend in accordance with ANSI A13.1. Where the piping is required to be listed and labeled, such painting shall not obscure such labeling.
Exceptions:
1. Attachments, gauges, valves and operable parts of sprinkler systems other than valve handles.
2. Horizontal branch lines
3. Where different color coding may be required by Section 3406 of the New York City Fire Code for facilities storing, handling, and using flammable and combustible liquids in connection with special operations.
903.6.1 New buildings.
Cross connections and risers in new buildings, including buildings constructed pursuant to Section 28-101.4.2 of the Administrative Code, shall be painted red and the handles of valves serving dedicated sprinklers shall be painted green prior to the hydrostatic pressure test regardless of whether they will be enclosed at a later point in time.
Exception: Where a standpipe system is used as a combination standpipe and sprinkler system, the sprinkler risers and cross connections that are also used for the standpipe system shall be painted red and the handles of valves serving such combination system shall be painted yellow.
903.6.2 Alterations.
Cross connections and risers for independent (stand-alone) existing sprinkler systems that are exposed during alterations, including alterations pursuant to Section 28-101.4.2 of the Administrative Code, shall be painted red and the handles of valves serving such existing sprinkler systems shall be painted green. Where the alteration requires a hydrostatic pressure test such painting shall be completed prior to such test.
Exception: Where a standpipe system is used as a combination standpipe and sprinkler system, the sprinkler risers and cross connections that are also used for the standpipe system shall be painted red and the handles of valves serving such combination system shall be painted yellow.
903.6.3 Retroactive requirement for completed buildings.
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, all exposed risers and cross connections of completed buildings in existence on March 2, 2010, shall be painted red and all handles of valves serving such sprinkler system shall be painted green.
Exception: Where a standpipe system is used as a combination standpipe and sprinkler system, the sprinkler risers and cross connections that are also used for the standpipe system shall be painted red and the handles of valves serving such combination system shall be painted yellow.
903.6.4 Buildings under construction on March 2, 2010.
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, where construction documents were approved and permits issued for the construction of a new building or alteration of an existing building prior to March 2, 2010, and the work is not signed off by the department prior to such date, all exposed cross connections and risers in any such building shall be painted red prior to the hydrostatic pressure test, including cross connections and risers that will be enclosed at a later point in time, and handles of valves serving such sprinkler system shall be painted green.
Exceptions:
1. Where a standpipe system is used as a combination standpipe and sprinkler system, the sprinkler risers and cross connections that are also used for the standpipe system shall be painted red and the handles of valves serving such combination system shall be painted yellow.
2. Cross connections and risers enclosed prior to March 2, 2010, need not be painted.
903.6.5 Certification of completion of system painting.
For all buildings where sprinkler and combination sprinkler and standpipe systems are not subject to a special inspection pursuant to Section 1705.2.9 of this code, a licensed master plumber, licensed master fire suppression piping contractor, registered design professional or an individual holding an appropriate certificate of fitness from the Fire Department for the operation and/or maintenance of such system shall certify on forms provided by the department that all required painting has been completed in accordance with Section 903.6. Such certification shall be maintained on the premises and made available for inspection by the department and the Fire Department.
