§ 14B-7-705 — Exterior walls

14B-7-705 Exterior walls.

The provisions of Section 705 of IBC are adopted by reference with the following modifications: 1. Revise Section 705.2, its subsections, and related tables to read: "705.2 Projections. Cornices, eave overhangs, exterior balconies, decks and similar projections extending beyond the exterior wall shall conform to the requirements of this section and Section 1405. Egress balconies shall comply with Section 1021. Porches, exterior exit stairways and exterior exit ramps shall comply with Section 1027. Projections shall not extend any closer to the line used to determine the fire separation distance than shown in Table 705.2. Exception: Buildings on the same lot and considered as portions of one building in accordance with Section 705.3 are not required to comply with this section for projections between the buildings. TABLE 705.2 MINIMUM DISTANCE OF PROJECTION FIRE SEPARATION DISTANCE - FSD (feet) | MINIMUM DISTANCE FROM LINE USED TO DETERMINE FSD 0 to less than 2 | Projections not permitted a 2 to less than 3 | 24 inches a 3 to less than 5 | 2/3 FSD 5 or greater | 40 inches For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm; 1 inch = 25.4 mm. a. Detached private garages and buildings of Group R-3 or R-5 occupancy located within 28 inches (711 mm) of a property line are permitted to have roof eave projections not exceeding 4 inches (102 mm). 705.2.1 Types I and II construction. Projections from walls of Type I or II construction shall be of materials allowed by Table 705.2.1 . Projections not listed in the table shall conform to the type of construction and fire-resistance rating required for the building to which they are attached. 705.2.2 Type III, IV or V construction. Projections from walls of Type III, IV or V construction shall be of noncombustible materials or combustible materials as allowed by Table 705.2.1 or Table 705.2.2. Projections not listed in the table shall conform to the type of construction and fire-resistance rating required for the building to which they are attached. 705.2.3 Combustible projections. Decks, exterior balconies, exterior exit stairways, porches, and similar projections of combustible construction shall not exceed 50 percent of the building’s perimeter on each floor." 2. Insert Tables 705.2.1 and 705.2.2 as shown: TABLE 705.2.1 PROJECTIONS FROM WALLS OF ANY TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION a Type of Projection | Material Type | Fire Separation Distance (feet) b 0 to less than 3 | 3 to less than 5 | 5 to less than 10 | 10 or greater Type of Projection | Material Type | Fire Separation Distance (feet) b 0 to less than 3 | 3 to less than 5 | 5 to less than 10 | 10 or greater Cornices, eave overhangs, sunshades, bay windows, oriel windows and similar decorative projections on buildings not exceeding 40 feet in building height | U | No | Yes | Yes | Yes P | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Cornices, eave overhangs, sunshades, bay windows, oriel windows and similar decorative projections on buildings greater than 40 feet in building height | U | No | No | No | No UNC | No | Yes | Yes | Yes P | No | No | No | Yes PNC | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Gutters and downspouts on buildings not exceeding 40 feet in building height | U | No | Yes | Yes | Yes UNC | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Gutters and downspouts on buildings greater than 40 feet in building height | U | No | No | No | No UNC | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Exterior balconies, each not exceeding 100 square feet in area, on buildings not exceeding 55 feet in building height | U | No | Yes | Yes | Yes UNC | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Exterior balconies, each not exceeding 100 square feet in area, on buildings greater than 55 feet in building height | U | No | No | No | No UNC | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Decks laid directly on the ground without airspace below | U | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Decks not exceeding 400 square feet in area | U | No | Yes | Yes | Yes Decks, any area, not more than 6 feet above adjoining ground | U | No | No | Yes | Yes Decks, any area, any height | UNC | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Weather-protected entries not exceeding 50 square feet in area | U | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Open porches, serving no more than 1 story above grade plane and not more than 200 square feet in area | U | No | Yes | Yes | Yes Other open porches and exterior exit stairways, serving more than 1 but no more than 4 stories above grade plane | U | No | No | No | No UNC | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Exterior exit stairways, other than fire escapes, serving any story more than 4 stories above grade plane | PNC | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Fire escapes | UNC | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Pickets, handrails and similar vertical elements not more than 42 inches in height above the adjacent walking surface | U | No | Yes | Yes | Yes UNC | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm; 1 inch = 25.4 mm; 1 square foot = 0.0929 m 2. U = any material not less fire resistive than untreated wood or plastic composites that comply with ASTM D7032 and Section 2612, unprotected P = any material, protected with construction providing fire-resistance rating as required for exterior wall UNC = noncombustible, unprotected PNC = noncombustible, protected with construction providing fire-resistance rating as required for exterior wall a. Where material type U is allowed, material types P, UNC and PNC shall also be allowed; where material type P is allowed, material types UNC and PNC shall also be allowed; where material type UNC is allowed, material type PNC shall also be allowed. b. Egress balconies shall also comply with Section 1021. Exterior exit stairways and exterior exit ramps shall also comply with Section 1027. TABLE 705.2.2 PROJECTIONS FROM WALLS OF TYPE III, IV OR V CONSTRUCTION a Type of Projection | Material Type | Fire Separation Distance (feet) b 0 to less than 3 | 3 to less than 5 | 5 to less than 10 | 10 or greater Type of Projection | Material Type | Fire Separation Distance (feet) b 0 to less than 3 | 3 to less than 5 | 5 to less than 10 | 10 or greater Exterior balconies, each not exceeding 100 square feet in area, on buildings not exceeding 55 feet in building height | U | No | Yes | Yes | Yes UNC, HT | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Exterior balconies individually exceeding 100 square feet in area | P, HT, UNC | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Decks, any area, any height | HT | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Open porches on buildings of Group R occupancy serving no more than 3 stories above grade plane, not projecting more than 10 feet from the building and not providing more than 150 feet of floor surface, exclusive of stairs, per dwelling unit | U | No | Yes | Yes | Yes P, UNC | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Repair or replacement of enclosed porches existing on December 31, 2018, serving no more than 3 stories above grade plane | P1 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes U | No | No | Yes | Yes Repair or replacement of porches existing on January 20, 1950, serving no more than 4 stories above grade plane | U | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm; 1 inch = 25.4 mm; 1 square foot = 0.0929 m 2. U = any material not less fire resistive than untreated wood or plastic composites that comply with ASTM D7032 and Section 2612, unprotected P = any material, protected with construction providing fire-resistance rating as required for exterior wall P1 = any material, protected with construction providing fire-resistance rating of at least one hour HT = heavy timber construction, complying with Section 2304.11 UNC = noncombustible, unprotected PNC = noncombustible, protected with construction providing fire-resistance rating as required for exterior wall a. Where material type U is allowed, material types P, HT, UNC and PNC shall also be allowed; where material type P is allowed, material types HT, UNC and PNC shall also be allowed; where material type UNC is allowed, material type PNC shall also be allowed. b. Egress balconies shall also comply with Section 1021. Exterior exit stairways and exterior exit ramps shall also comply with Section 1027. 3. Revise exception 1 to Section 705.3 to read: "1. Two or more buildings on the same lot of record in accordance with the exception to Section 503.1.2." 4. Revise Section 705.5 to read: "705.5 Fire-resistance ratings. Exterior walls shall be fire-resistance rated in accordance with Tables 601 and 602 and this section. For other than Group H occupancies, the required fire-resistance rating of exterior walls with a fire separation distance of 10 feet (3048 mm) or greater shall only be required to be rated for exposure to fire from the inside. The required fire-resistance rating of exterior walls with a fire separation distance of less than 10 feet (3048 mm) shall be rated for exposure to fire from both sides." 5. Delete Section 705.7. 6. Delete Equation 7-1. 7. Delete Figure 705.7. 8. Delete Table 705.8. 9. Insert Tables 705.8(1) and 705.8(2) as shown: TABLE 705.8(1) MAXIMUM AREA OF EXTERIOR WALL OPENINGS BASED ON FIRE SEPARATION DISTANCE AND DEGREE OF OPENING PROTECTION FOR BUILDINGS NOT COVERED BY TABLE 705.8(2) FIRE SEPARATION DISTANCE (feet) | DEGREE OF OPENING PROTECTION | ALLOWABLE AREA a FIRE SEPARATION DISTANCE (feet) | DEGREE OF OPENING PROTECTION | ALLOWABLE AREA a 0 to less than 3 b, c, k | Unprotected, Nonsprinklered (UP, NS) | Not Permitted k Unprotected, Sprinklered (UP, S) i | Not Permitted k Protected (P) | Not Permitted k 3 to less than 5 e | Unprotected, Nonsprinklered (UP, NS) | Not Permitted Unprotected, Sprinklered (UP, S) i | 15% Protected (P) | 15% 5 to less than 10 e | Unprotected, Nonsprinklered (UP, NS) | 10% Unprotected, Sprinklered (UP, S) i | 25% Protected (P) | 25% 10 to less than 15 e, g | Unprotected, Nonsprinklered (UP, NS) | 15% Unprotected, Sprinklered (UP, S) i | 45% Protected (P) | 45% 15 to less than 20 f, g, j | Unprotected, Nonsprinklered (UP, NS) | 25% Unprotected, Sprinklered (UP, S) i | 75% Protected (P) | 75% 20 to less than 25 g | Unprotected, Nonsprinklered (UP, NS) | 45% Unprotected, Sprinklered (UP, S) i | No Limit Protected (P) | No Limit 25 to less than 30 g | Unprotected, Nonsprinklered (UP, NS) | 70% Unprotected, Sprinklered (UP, S) i | No Limit Protected (P) | No Limit 30 or greater | Unprotected, Nonsprinklered (UP, NS) | No Limit Unprotected, Sprinklered (UP, S) i | No Limit Protected (P) | No Limit For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm. UP, NS = Unprotected openings in buildings not equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1. UP, S = Unprotected openings in buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2. P = Openings protected with an opening protective assembly in accordance with Section 705.8.2. a. Values indicated are the percentage of the area of the exterior wall, per story. b. For the requirements for fire walls of buildings with differing heights, see Section 706.6.1. c. For openings in a fire wall for buildings on the same lot, see Section 706.8. d. [Reserved.] e. Unprotected openings shall not be permitted for openings with a fire separation distance of less than 15 feet for Group H-2 and H-3 occupancies. f. [Reserved.] g. The area of openings in an open parking structure with a fire separation distance of 10 feet or greater shall not be limited. h. [Reserved.] i. Not applicable to Group H-1, H-2 and H-3 occupancies. j. [Reserved.] k. For openings between S-2 parking garage and Group R-2 building, see Section 705.3, Exception 2. TABLE 705.8(2) MAXIMUM AREA OF EXTERIOR WALL OPENINGS BASED ON FIRE SEPARATION DISTANCE AND DEGREE OF OPENING PROTECTION FOR PRIVATE GARAGES AND GROUP R-2, R-3, R-4 AND R-5 OCCUPANCIES UP TO 4 STORIES ABOVE GRADE PLANE a FIRE SEPARATION DISTANCE (feet) | DEGREE OF OPENING PROTECTION | ALLOWABLE AREA b FIRE SEPARATION DISTANCE (feet) | DEGREE OF OPENING PROTECTION | ALLOWABLE AREA b 0 to less than 2 | Unprotected, Nonsprinklered (UP, NS) | Not Permitted Unprotected, Sprinklered (UP, S) | Not Permitted Protected (P) | Not Permitted 2 to less than 3 | Unprotected, Nonsprinklered (UP, NS) | 5% Unprotected, Sprinklered (UP, S) | 10% Protected (P) | 10% 3 to less than 5 | Unprotected, Nonsprinklered (UP, NS) | 25% Unprotected, Sprinklered (UP, S) | 25% Protected (P) | 25% 5 or greater | Unprotected, Nonsprinklered (UP, NS) | No Limit Unprotected, Sprinklered (UP, S) | No Limit Protected (P) | No Limit For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm. UP, NS = Unprotected openings in buildings not equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system. UP, S = Unprotected openings in buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2. P = Openings protected with an opening protective assembly in accordance with Section 705.8.2. a. Table 705.8(2) is applicable to detached private garages and carports, private garages and carports attached to buildings exclusively containing a Group R-2, R-3, R-4 or R-5 occupancy with no more than four stories above grade plane, and buildings exclusively containing a Group R-2, R-3, R-4 or R-5 occupancy with no more than four stories above grade plane. All other buildings shall be subject to the requirements of Table 705.8(1). b. Values indicated are the percentage of the area of the exterior wall, per story. For basements, both above- and below-grade portions of the exterior wall shall be included in determining the allowable area. 10. Revise Section 705.8.1 by replacing "Table 705.8" with "Table 705.8(1) or 705.8(2), as applicable" and inserting exceptions 3 and 4 to read: "3. Where fire separation distance is based on an imaginary line between buildings on the same lot, the maximum area of protected exterior wall openings shall be the greater of the value in Table 705.8(1) or 10 percent for stories that are at least 15 feet (4572 mm) vertically above the roof of adjacent buildings on the same lot. 4. Where fire separation distance is based on an imaginary line between buildings on the same lot, the maximum area of protected and unprotected exterior wall openings shall not be limited for stories that are at least 50 feet (15.24 m) vertically above the roof of adjacent buildings on the same lot." 11. Revise Section 705.8.3 by replacing "approved materials" with "materials allowed by this code." 12. Revise the description of Ap in Equation 7-2 to read: "Actual area of protected openings." 13. Add new exception 4 to Section 705.8.5 to read: "4. This section shall not apply to Group R-5 buildings." 14. Revise Section 705.8.6 to read: "Where fire separation distance is based on an imaginary line between buildings on the same lot and is less than 15 feet (4572 mm), every opening that is less than 15 feet (4572 mm) vertically above the roof of adjacent buildings on the same lot shall be provided with opening protectives having a fire protection rating of not less than 3/4 hour. Exceptions: 1. Opening protectives are not required where the roof assembly of the adjacent building has a fire-resistance rating of not less than 2 hours for a minimum distance of 15 feet (4572 mm) horizontally from the exterior wall facing the imaginary line and the entire length and span of the supporting elements for the fire-resistance-rated roof assembly has a fire-resistance rating of not less than 2 hours. 2. Buildings on the same lot that are considered as portions of one building in accordance with Section 705.3. exception 1, are not required to comply with Section 705.8.6. 3. Group R buildings that are four stories or less above grade plane." 15. Delete exception 5 to Section 705.11 and its subparts. 16. [Reserved.] 17. Add new Section 705.12 to read: "705.12 Easements. The building official may adopt rules for considering permanent and perpetual easements or restrictive declarations on adjoining lots as a means of adjusting requirements in this section based on fire separation distance." (Amend Coun. J. 2-19-20, p. 14473, Art. II, § 23; Amend Coun. J. 10-7-20, p. 21791, Art. II, § 10; Amend Coun. J. 6-25-21, p. 32180, Art. II, § 9; Amend Coun. J. 1-26-22, p. 43756, Art. II, § 6; Amend Coun. J. 9-21-22, p. 52080, Art. II, § 5)