MICHIGAN MEDICAL MARIHUANA ACT

MCL ch. 333, subtit. Initiated Law 1 of 2008

in effect

MCL 333.26421 Short title.

333.26421. Short title. 1. Short Title. Sec. 1. This act shall be known and may be cited as the Michigan Medical Marihuana Act. 2008, Initiated Law 1, Eff. Dec. 4, 2008 [Compiler] MCL 333.26430 of Initiated Law 1 of 2008 provides: [Compiler] 10. Severability. [Compiler] Sec. 10. Any section of this act being held invalid as to any person or circumstances shall not affect the application of any other section of this act that can be given full effect without the invalid section or application. [Compiler] For the transfer of powers and duties of the department of licensing and regulatory affairs, including its bureau of marijuana regulation, to the marijuana regulatory agency, and abolishment of the bureau of marijuana regulation, see E.R.O. No. 2019-2, compiled at MCL 333.27001. [Compiler] For the renaming of the marijuana regulatory agency to the cannabis regulatory agency, see E.R.O. No. 2022-1, compiled at MCL 333.27002.

MCL 333.26422 Findings, declaration.

333.26422. Findings, declaration. 2. Findings. Sec. 2. The people of the State of Michigan find and declare that: (a) Modern medical research, including as found by the National Academy of Sciences' Institute of Medicine in a March 1999 report, has discovered beneficial uses for marihuana in treating or alleviating the pain, nausea, and other symptoms associated with a variety of debilitating medical conditions. (b) Data from the Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reports and the Compendium of Federal Justice Statistics show that approximately 99 out of every 100 marihuana arrests in the United States are made under state law, rather than under federal law. Consequently, changing state law will have the practical effect of protecting from arrest the vast majority of seriously ill people who have a medical need to use marihuana. (c) Although federal law currently prohibits any use of marihuana except under very limited circumstances, states are not required to enforce federal law or prosecute people for engaging in activities prohibited by federal law. The laws of Alaska, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Maine, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Vermont, Rhode Island, and Washington do not penalize the medical use and cultivation of marihuana. Michigan joins in this effort for the health and welfare of its citizens. 2008, Initiated Law 1, Eff. Dec. 4, 2008 [Compiler] MCL 333.26430 of Initiated Law 1 of 2008 provides: [Compiler] 10. Severability. [Compiler] Sec. 10. Any section of this act being held invalid as to any person or circumstances shall not affect the application of any other section of this act that can be given full effect without the invalid section or application. [Compiler] For the transfer of powers and duties of the department of licensing and regulatory affairs, including its bureau of marijuana regulation, to the marijuana regulatory agency, and abolishment of the bureau of marijuana regulation, see E.R.O. No. 2019-2, compiled at MCL 333.27001. [Compiler] For the renaming of the marijuana regulatory agency to the cannabis regulatory agency, see E.R.O. No. 2022-1, compiled at MCL 333.27002.

MCL 333.26423 Definitions.

333.26423. Definitions. 3. Definitions. Sec. 3. As used in this act: (a) "Bona fide physician-patient relationship" means a treatment or counseling relationship between a physician and patient in which all of the following are present: (1) The physician has reviewed the patient's relevant medical records and completed a full assessment of the patient's medical history and current medical condition, including a relevant medical evaluation of the patient. (2) The physician has created and maintained records of the patient's condition in accord with medically accepted standards. (3) The physician has a reasonable expectation that he or she will provide follow-up care to the patient to monitor the efficacy of the use of medical marihuana as a treatment of the patient's debilitating medical condition. (4) If the patient has given permission, the physician has notified the patient's primary care physician of the patient's debilitating medical condition and certification for the medical use of marihuana to treat that condition. (b) "Debilitating medical condition" means 1 or more of the following: (1) Cancer, glaucoma, positive status for human immunodeficiency virus, acquired immune deficiency syndrome, hepatitis C, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Crohn's disease, agitation of Alzheimer's disease, nail patella, or the treatment of these conditions. (2) A chronic or debilitating disease or medical condition or its treatment that produces 1 or more of the following: cachexia or wasting syndrome; severe and chronic pain; severe nausea; seizures, including but not limited to those characteristic of epilepsy; or severe and persistent muscle spasms, including but not limited to those characteristic of multiple sclerosis. (3) Any other medical condition or its treatment approved by the marijuana regulatory agency, as provided for in section 6(k). (c) "Department" means the department of licensing and regulatory affairs. (d) "Enclosed, locked facility" means a closet, room, or other comparable, stationary, and fully enclosed area equipped with secured locks or other functioning security devices that permit access only by a registered primary caregiver or registered qualifying patient. Marihuana plants grown outdoors are considered to be in an enclosed, locked facility if they are not visible to the unaided eye from an adjacent property when viewed by an individual at ground level or from a permanent structure and are grown within a stationary structure that is enclosed on all sides, except for the base, by chain-link fencing, wooden slats, or a similar material that prevents access by the general public and that is anchored, attached, or affixed to the ground; located on land that is owned, leased, or rented by either the registered qualifying patient or a person designated through the marijuana regulatory agency's registration process as the primary caregiver for the registered qualifying patient or patients for whom the marihuana plants are grown; and equipped with functioning locks or other security devices that restrict access to only the registered qualifying patient or the registered primary caregiver who owns, leases, or rents the property on which the structure is located. Enclosed, locked facility includes a motor vehicle if both of the following conditions are met: (1) The vehicle is being used temporarily to transport living marihuana plants from 1 location to another with the intent to permanently retain those plants at the second location. (2) An individual is not inside the vehicle unless he or she is either the registered qualifying patient to whom the living marihuana plants belong or the individual designated through the marijuana regulatory agency's registration process as the primary caregiver for the registered qualifying patient. (e) "Marihuana" means that term as defined in section 3 of the Michigan Regulation and Taxation of Marihuana Act, 2018 IL 1, MCL 333.27953. (f) "Marihuana-infused product" means a topical formulation, tincture, beverage, edible substance, or similar product containing any usable marihuana that is intended for human consumption in a manner other than smoke inhalation. Marihuana-infused product shall not be considered a food for purposes of the food law, 2000 PA 92, MCL 289.1101 to 289.8111. (g) "Marihuana plant" means any plant of the species Cannabis sativa L. (h) "Marijuana regulatory agency" means the marijuana regulatory agency created under Executive Reorganization Order No. 2019-2, MCL 333.27001. (i) "Medical use of marihuana" means the acquisition, possession, cultivation, manufacture, extraction, use, internal possession, delivery, transfer, or transportation of marihuana, marihuana-infused products, or paraphernalia relating to the administration of marihuana to treat or alleviate a registered qualifying patient's debilitating medical condition or symptoms associated with the debilitating medical condition. (j) "Physician" means an individual licensed as a physician under part 170 of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333.17001 to 333.17084, or an osteopathic physician under part 175 of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333.17501 to 333.17556. (k) "Plant" means any living organism that produces its own food through photosynthesis and has observable root formation or is in growth material. (l) "Primary caregiver" or "caregiver" means a person who is at least 21 years old and who has agreed to assist with a patient's medical use of marihuana and who has not been convicted of any felony within the past 10 years and has never been convicted of a felony involving illegal drugs or a felony that is an assaultive crime as defined in section 9a of chapter X of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 770.9a. (m) "Qualifying patient" or "patient" means a person who has been diagnosed by a physician as having a debilitating medical condition. (n) "Registry identification card" means a document issued by the marijuana regulatory agency that identifies a person as a registered qualifying patient or registered primary caregiver. (o) "Usable marihuana" means the dried leaves, flowers, plant resin, or extract of the marihuana plant, but does not include the seeds, stalks, and roots of the plant. (p) "Usable marihuana equivalent" means the amount of usable marihuana in a marihuana-infused product that is calculated as provided in section 4(c). (q) "Visiting qualifying patient" means a patient who is not a resident of this state or who has been a resident of this state for less than 30 days. (r) "Written certification" means a document signed by a physician, stating all of the following: (1) The patient's debilitating medical condition. (2) The physician has completed a full assessment of the patient's medical history and current medical condition, including a relevant medical evaluation. (3) In the physician's professional opinion, the patient is likely to receive therapeutic or palliative benefit from the medical use of marihuana to treat or alleviate the patient's debilitating medical condition or symptoms associated with the debilitating medical condition. 2008, Initiated Law 1, Eff. Dec. 4, 2008; Am. 2012, Act 512, Eff. Apr. 1, 2013; Am. 2016, Act 283, Eff. Dec. 20, 2016; Am. 2021, Act 62, Eff. Oct. 11, 2021 [Compiler] MCL 333.26430 of Initiated Law 1 of 2008 provides: [Compiler] 10. Severability. [Compiler] Sec. 10. Any section of this act being held invalid as to any person or circumstances shall not affect the application of any other section of this act that can be given full effect without the invalid section or application. [Compiler] Enacting section 2 of Act 283 of 2016 provides: [Compiler] "Enacting section 2. This amendatory act clarifies ambiguities in the law in accordance with the original intent of the people, as expressed in section 2(b) of the Michigan medical marihuana act, 2008 IL 1, MCL 333.26422: [Compiler] "(b) Data from the Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reports and the Compendium of Federal Justice Statistics show that approximately 99 out of every 100 marihuana arrests in the United States are made under state law, rather than under federal law. Consequently, changing state law will have the practical effect of protecting from arrest the vast majority of seriously ill people who have a medical need to use marihuana.". [Emphasis added.] [Compiler] This amendatory act is curative and applies retroactively as to the following: clarifying the quantities and forms of marihuana for which a person is protected from arrest, precluding an interpretation of "weight" as aggregate weight, and excluding an added inactive substrate component of a preparation in determining the amount of marihuana, medical marihuana, or usable marihuana that constitutes an offense. Retroactive application of this amendatory act does not create a cause of action against a law enforcement officer or any other state or local governmental officer, employee, department, or agency that enforced this act under a good-faith interpretation of its provisions at the time of enforcement." [Compiler] For the transfer of powers and duties of the department of licensing and regulatory affairs, including its bureau of marijuana regulation, to the marijuana regulatory agency, and abolishment of the bureau of marijuana regulation, see E.R.O. No. 2019-2, compiled at MCL 333.27001. [Compiler] For the renaming of the marijuana regulatory agency to the cannabis regulatory agency, see E.R.O. No. 2022-1, compiled at MCL 333.27002.

MCL 333.26424 Qualifying patient or primary caregiver; arrest, prosecution, or penalty prohibited; conditions; privilege from arrests; presumption; compensation; physician subject to arrest, prosecution, or penalty prohibited; marihuana paraphernalia; person in presence or vicinity of medical use of marihuana; registry identification card issued outside of department; sale of marihuana as felony; penalty; marihuana-infused product.

333.26424. Qualifying patient or primary caregiver; arrest, prosecution, or penalty prohibited; conditions; privilege from arrests; presumption; compensation; physician subject to arrest, prosecution, or penalty prohibited; marihuana paraphernalia; person in presence or vicinity of medical use of marihuana; registry identification card issued outside of department; sale of marihuana as felony; penalty; marihuana-infused product. 4. Protections for the Medical Use of Marihuana. Sec. 4. (a) A qualifying patient who has been issued and possesses a registry identification card is not subject to arrest, prosecution, or penalty in any manner, or denied any right or privilege, including, but not limited to, civil penalty or disciplinary action by a business or occupational or professional licensing board or bureau, for the medical use of marihuana in accordance with this act, provided that the qualifying patient possesses an amount of marihuana that does not exceed a combined total of 2.5 ounces of usable marihuana and usable marihuana equivalents, and, if the qualifying patient has not specified that a primary caregiver will be allowed under state law to cultivate marihuana for the qualifying patient, 12 marihuana plants kept in an enclosed, locked facility. Any incidental amount of seeds, stalks, and unusable roots shall also be allowed under state law and shall not be included in this amount. The privilege from arrest under this subsection applies only if the qualifying patient presents both his or her registry identification card and a valid driver license or government-issued identification card that bears a photographic image of the qualifying patient. (b) A primary caregiver who has been issued and possesses a registry identification card is not subject to arrest, prosecution, or penalty in any manner, or denied any right or privilege, including but not limited to civil penalty or disciplinary action by a business or occupational or professional licensing board or bureau, for assisting a qualifying patient to whom he or she is connected through the department's registration process with the medical use of marihuana in accordance with this act. The privilege from arrest under this subsection applies only if the primary caregiver presents both his or her registry identification card and a valid driver license or government-issued identification card that bears a photographic image of the primary caregiver. This subsection applies only if the primary caregiver possesses marihuana in forms and amounts that do not exceed any of the following: (1) For each qualifying patient to whom he or she is connected through the department's registration process, a combined total of 2.5 ounces of usable marihuana and usable marihuana equivalents. (2) For each registered qualifying patient who has specified that the primary caregiver will be allowed under state law to cultivate marihuana for the qualifying patient, 12 marihuana plants kept in an enclosed, locked facility. (3) Any incidental amount of seeds, stalks, and unusable roots. (c) For purposes of determining usable marihuana equivalency, the following shall be considered equivalent to 1 ounce of usable marihuana: (1) 16 ounces of marihuana-infused product if in a solid form. (2) 7 grams of marihuana-infused product if in a gaseous form. (3) 36 fluid ounces of marihuana-infused product if in a liquid form. (d) A person shall not be denied custody or visitation of a minor for acting in accordance with this act, unless the person's behavior is such that it creates an unreasonable danger to the minor that can be clearly articulated and substantiated. (e) There is a presumption that a qualifying patient or primary caregiver is engaged in the medical use of marihuana in accordance with this act if the qualifying patient or primary caregiver complies with both of the following: (1) Is in possession of a registry identification card. (2) Is in possession of an amount of marihuana that does not exceed the amount allowed under this act. The presumption may be rebutted by evidence that conduct related to marihuana was not for the purpose of alleviating the qualifying patient's debilitating medical condition or symptoms associated with the debilitating medical condition, in accordance with this act. (f) A registered primary caregiver may receive compensation for costs associated with assisting a registered qualifying patient in the medical use of marihuana. Any such compensation does not constitute the sale of controlled substances. (g) A physician shall not be subject to arrest, prosecution, or penalty in any manner, or denied any right or privilege, including but not limited to civil penalty or disciplinary action by the Michigan board of medicine, the Michigan board of osteopathic medicine and surgery, or any other business or occupational or professional licensing board or bureau, solely for providing written certifications, in the course of a bona fide physician-patient relationship and after the physician has completed a full assessment of the qualifying patient's medical history, or for otherwise stating that, in the physician's professional opinion, a patient is likely to receive therapeutic or palliative benefit from the medical use of marihuana to treat or alleviate the patient's serious or debilitating medical condition or symptoms associated with the serious or debilitating medical condition, provided that nothing shall prevent a professional licensing board from sanctioning a physician for failing to properly evaluate a patient's medical condition or otherwise violating the standard of care for evaluating medical conditions. (h) A person shall not be subject to arrest, prosecution, or penalty in any manner, or denied any right or privilege, including but not limited to civil penalty or disciplinary action by a business or occupational or professional licensing board or bureau, for providing a registered qualifying patient or a registered primary caregiver with marihuana paraphernalia for purposes of a qualifying patient's medical use of marihuana. (i) Any marihuana, marihuana paraphernalia, or licit property that is possessed, owned, or used in connection with the medical use of marihuana, as allowed under this act, or acts incidental to such use, shall not be seized or forfeited. (j) A person shall not be subject to arrest, prosecution, or penalty in any manner, or denied any right or privilege, including but not limited to civil penalty or disciplinary action by a business or occupational or professional licensing board or bureau, solely for being in the presence or vicinity of the medical use of marihuana in accordance with this act, or for assisting a registered qualifying patient with using or administering marihuana. (k) A registry identification card, or its equivalent, that is issued under the laws of another state, district, territory, commonwealth, or insular possession of the United States that allows the medical use of marihuana by a visiting qualifying patient, or to allow a person to assist with a visiting qualifying patient's medical use of marihuana, shall have the same force and effect as a registry identification card issued by the department. (l) Any registered qualifying patient or registered primary caregiver who sells marihuana to someone who is not allowed the medical use of marihuana under this act shall have his or her registry identification card revoked and is guilty of a felony punishable by imprisonment for not more than 2 years or a fine of not more than $2,000.00, or both, in addition to any other penalties for the distribution of marihuana. (m) A person shall not be subject to arrest, prosecution, or penalty in any manner or denied any right or privilege, including, but not limited to, civil penalty or disciplinary action by a business or occupational or professional licensing board or bureau, for manufacturing a marihuana-infused product if the person is any of the following: (1) A registered qualifying patient, manufacturing for his or her own personal use. (2) A registered primary caregiver, manufacturing for the use of a patient to whom he or she is connected through the department's registration process. (n) A qualifying patient shall not transfer a marihuana-infused product or marihuana to any individual. (o) A primary caregiver shall not transfer a marihuana-infused product to any individual who is not a qualifying patient to whom he or she is connected through the department's registration process. 2008, Initiated Law 1, Eff. Dec. 4, 2008; Am. 2012, Act 512, Eff. Apr. 1, 2013; Am. 2016, Act 283, Eff. Dec. 20, 2016 [Compiler] MCL 333.26430 of Initiated Law 1 of 2008 provides: [Compiler] 10. Severability. [Compiler] Sec. 10. Any section of this act being held invalid as to any person or circumstances shall not affect the application of any other section of this act that can be given full effect without the invalid section or application. [Compiler] Enacting section 2 of Act 283 of 2016 provides: [Compiler] "Enacting section 2. This amendatory act clarifies ambiguities in the law in accordance with the original intent of the people, as expressed in section 2(b) of the Michigan medical marihuana act, 2008 IL 1, MCL 333.26422: [Compiler] "(b) Data from the Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reports and the Compendium of Federal Justice Statistics show that approximately 99 out of every 100 marihuana arrests in the United States are made under state law, rather than under federal law. Consequently, changing state law will have the practical effect of protecting from arrest the vast majority of seriously ill people who have a medical need to use marihuana.". [Emphasis added.] [Compiler] This amendatory act is curative and applies retroactively as to the following: clarifying the quantities and forms of marihuana for which a person is protected from arrest, precluding an interpretation of "weight" as aggregate weight, and excluding an added inactive substrate component of a preparation in determining the amount of marihuana, medical marihuana, or usable marihuana that constitutes an offense. Retroactive application of this amendatory act does not create a cause of action against a law enforcement officer or any other state or local governmental officer, employee, department, or agency that enforced this act under a good-faith interpretation of its provisions at the time of enforcement." [Compiler] For the transfer of powers and duties of the department of licensing and regulatory affairs, including its bureau of marijuana regulation, to the marijuana regulatory agency, and abolishment of the bureau of marijuana regulation, see E.R.O. No. 2019-2, compiled at MCL 333.27001. [Compiler] For the renaming of the marijuana regulatory agency to the cannabis regulatory agency, see E.R.O. No. 2022-1, compiled at MCL 333.27002.

MCL 333.26424a Registered qualifying patient or registered primary caregiver; arrest, prosecution, or penalty, or denial of right or privilege prohibited; conditions.

333.26424a. Registered qualifying patient or registered primary caregiver; arrest, prosecution, or penalty, or denial of right or privilege prohibited; conditions. Sec. 4a. (1) This section does not apply unless the medical marihuana facilities licensing act is enacted. (2) A registered qualifying patient or registered primary caregiver shall not be subject to arrest, prosecution, or penalty in any manner, or denied any right or privilege, including, but not limited to, civil penalty or disciplinary action by a business or occupational or professional licensing board or bureau, for any of the following: (a) Transferring or purchasing marihuana in an amount authorized by this act from a provisioning center licensed under the medical marihuana facilities licensing act. (b) Transferring or selling marihuana seeds or seedlings to a grower licensed under the medical marihuana facilities licensing act. (c) Transferring marihuana for testing to and from a safety compliance facility licensed under the medical marihuana facilities licensing act. Add. 2016, Act 283, Eff. Dec. 20, 2016 [Compiler] Enacting section 2 of Act 283 of 2016 provides: [Compiler] "Enacting section 2. This amendatory act clarifies ambiguities in the law in accordance with the original intent of the people, as expressed in section 2(b) of the Michigan medical marihuana act, 2008 IL 1, MCL 333.26422: [Compiler] "(b) Data from the Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reports and the Compendium of Federal Justice Statistics show that approximately 99 out of every 100 marihuana arrests in the United States are made under state law, rather than under federal law. Consequently, changing state law will have the practical effect of protecting from arrest the vast majority of seriously ill people who have a medical need to use marihuana.". [Emphasis added.] [Compiler] This amendatory act is curative and applies retroactively as to the following: clarifying the quantities and forms of marihuana for which a person is protected from arrest, precluding an interpretation of "weight" as aggregate weight, and excluding an added inactive substrate component of a preparation in determining the amount of marihuana, medical marihuana, or usable marihuana that constitutes an offense. Retroactive application of this amendatory act does not create a cause of action against a law enforcement officer or any other state or local governmental officer, employee, department, or agency that enforced this act under a good-faith interpretation of its provisions at the time of enforcement." [Compiler] For the transfer of powers and duties of the department of licensing and regulatory affairs, including its bureau of marijuana regulation, to the marijuana regulatory agency, and abolishment of the bureau of marijuana regulation, see E.R.O. No. 2019-2, compiled at MCL 333.27001. [Compiler] For the renaming of the marijuana regulatory agency to the cannabis regulatory agency, see E.R.O. No. 2022-1, compiled at MCL 333.27002.

MCL 333.26424b Transporting or possessing marihuana-infused product; violation; fine.

333.26424b. Transporting or possessing marihuana-infused product; violation; fine. Sec. 4b. (1) Except as provided in subsections (2) to (4), a qualifying patient or primary caregiver shall not transport or possess a marihuana-infused product in or upon a motor vehicle. (2) This section does not prohibit a qualifying patient from transporting or possessing a marihuana-infused product in or upon a motor vehicle if the marihuana-infused product is in a sealed and labeled package that is carried in the trunk of the vehicle or, if the vehicle does not have a trunk, is carried so as not to be readily accessible from the interior of the vehicle. The label must state the weight of the marihuana-infused product in ounces, name of the manufacturer, date of manufacture, name of the person from whom the marihuana-infused product was received, and date of receipt. (3) This section does not prohibit a primary caregiver from transporting or possessing a marihuana-infused product in or upon a motor vehicle if the marihuana-infused product is accompanied by an accurate marihuana transportation manifest and enclosed in a case carried in the trunk of the vehicle or, if the vehicle does not have a trunk, is enclosed in a case and carried so as not to be readily accessible from the interior of the vehicle. The manifest form must state the weight of each marihuana-infused product in ounces, name and address of the manufacturer, date of manufacture, destination name and address, date and time of departure, estimated date and time of arrival, and, if applicable, name and address of the person from whom the product was received and date of receipt. (4) This section does not prohibit a primary caregiver from transporting or possessing a marihuana-infused product in or upon a motor vehicle for the use of his or her child, spouse, or parent who is a qualifying patient if the marihuana-infused product is in a sealed and labeled package that is carried in the trunk of the vehicle or, if the vehicle does not have a trunk, is carried so as not to be readily accessible from the interior of the vehicle. The label must state the weight of the marihuana-infused product in ounces, name of the manufacturer, date of manufacture, name of the qualifying patient, and, if applicable, name of the person from whom the marihuana-infused product was received and date of receipt. (5) For purposes of determining compliance with quantity limitations under section 4, there is a rebuttable presumption that the weight of a marihuana-infused product listed on its package label or on a marihuana transportation manifest is accurate. (6) A qualifying patient or primary caregiver who violates this section is responsible for a civil fine of not more than $250.00. Add. 2016, Act 283, Eff. Dec. 20, 2016 [Compiler] Enacting section 2 of Act 283 of 2016 provides: [Compiler] "Enacting section 2. This amendatory act clarifies ambiguities in the law in accordance with the original intent of the people, as expressed in section 2(b) of the Michigan medical marihuana act, 2008 IL 1, MCL 333.26422: [Compiler] "(b) Data from the Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reports and the Compendium of Federal Justice Statistics show that approximately 99 out of every 100 marihuana arrests in the United States are made under state law, rather than under federal law. Consequently, changing state law will have the practical effect of protecting from arrest the vast majority of seriously ill people who have a medical need to use marihuana.". [Emphasis added.] [Compiler] This amendatory act is curative and applies retroactively as to the following: clarifying the quantities and forms of marihuana for which a person is protected from arrest, precluding an interpretation of "weight" as aggregate weight, and excluding an added inactive substrate component of a preparation in determining the amount of marihuana, medical marihuana, or usable marihuana that constitutes an offense. Retroactive application of this amendatory act does not create a cause of action against a law enforcement officer or any other state or local governmental officer, employee, department, or agency that enforced this act under a good-faith interpretation of its provisions at the time of enforcement." [Compiler] For the transfer of powers and duties of the department of licensing and regulatory affairs, including its bureau of marijuana regulation, to the marijuana regulatory agency, and abolishment of the bureau of marijuana regulation, see E.R.O. No. 2019-2, compiled at MCL 333.27001. [Compiler] For the renaming of the marijuana regulatory agency to the cannabis regulatory agency, see E.R.O. No. 2022-1, compiled at MCL 333.27002.

MCL 333.26425 Rules.

333.26425. Rules. 5. Department to Promulgate Rules. Sec. 5. (a) Not later than 120 days after the effective date of this act, the department shall promulgate rules pursuant to the administrative procedures act of 1969, 1969 PA 306, MCL 24.201 to 24.328, that govern the manner in which the department shall consider the addition of medical conditions or treatments to the list of debilitating medical conditions set forth in section 3(a) of this act. In promulgating rules, the department shall allow for petition by the public to include additional medical conditions and treatments. In considering such petitions, the department shall include public notice of, and an opportunity to comment in a public hearing upon, such petitions. The department shall, after hearing, approve or deny such petitions within 180 days of the submission of the petition. The approval or denial of such a petition shall be considered a final department action, subject to judicial review pursuant to the administrative procedures act of 1969, 1969 PA 306, MCL 24.201 to 24.328. Jurisdiction and venue for judicial review are vested in the circuit court for the county of Ingham. (b) Not later than 120 days after the effective date of this act, the department shall promulgate rules pursuant to the administrative procedures act of 1969, 1969 PA 306, MCL 24.201 to 24.328, that govern the manner in which it shall consider applications for and renewals of registry identification cards for qualifying patients and primary caregivers. The department's rules shall establish application and renewal fees that generate revenues sufficient to offset all expenses of implementing and administering this act. The department may establish a sliding scale of application and renewal fees based upon a qualifying patient's family income. The department may accept gifts, grants, and other donations from private sources in order to reduce the application and renewal fees. 2008, Initiated Law 1, Eff. Dec. 4, 2008 [Compiler] MCL 333.26430 of Initiated Law 1 of 2008 provides: [Compiler] 10. Severability. [Compiler] Sec. 10. Any section of this act being held invalid as to any person or circumstances shall not affect the application of any other section of this act that can be given full effect without the invalid section or application. [Compiler] For the transfer of powers and duties of the department of licensing and regulatory affairs, including its bureau of marijuana regulation, to the marijuana regulatory agency, and abolishment of the bureau of marijuana regulation, see E.R.O. No. 2019-2, compiled at MCL 333.27001. [Compiler] For the renaming of the marijuana regulatory agency to the cannabis regulatory agency, see E.R.O. No. 2022-1, compiled at MCL 333.27002.

MCL 333.26426 Administration and enforcement of rules by marijuana regulatory agency; transfer of funds.

333.26426. Administration and enforcement of rules by marijuana regulatory agency; transfer of funds. 6. Administering the Marijuana Regulatory Agency's Rules. Sec. 6. (a) The marijuana regulatory agency shall issue registry identification cards to qualifying patients who submit all of the following, in accordance with the marijuana regulatory agency's rules: (1) A written certification. (2) Application or renewal fee. (3) Name, address, and date of birth of the qualifying patient, except that if the applicant is homeless, no address is required. (4) Name, address, and telephone number of the qualifying patient's physician. (5) Name, address, and date of birth of the qualifying patient's primary caregiver, if any. (6) Proof of Michigan residency. For the purposes of this subdivision, a person is considered to have proved legal residency in this state if any of the following apply: (i) The person provides a copy of a valid, lawfully obtained Michigan driver license issued under the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257.1 to 257.923, or an official state personal identification card issued under 1972 PA 222, MCL 28.291 to 28.300. (ii) The person provides a copy of a valid Michigan voter registration. (7) If the qualifying patient designates a primary caregiver, a designation as to whether the qualifying patient or primary caregiver will be allowed under state law to possess marihuana plants for the qualifying patient's medical use. (b) The marijuana regulatory agency shall not issue a registry identification card to a qualifying patient who is under the age of 18 unless all of the following conditions are met: (1) The qualifying patient's physician has explained the potential risks and benefits of the medical use of marihuana to the qualifying patient and to his or her parent or legal guardian. (2) The qualifying patient's parent or legal guardian submits a written certification from 2 physicians. (3) The qualifying patient's parent or legal guardian consents in writing to do all of the following: (A) Allow the qualifying patient's medical use of marihuana. (B) Serve as the qualifying patient's primary caregiver. (C) Control the acquisition of the marihuana, the dosage, and the frequency of the medical use of marihuana by the qualifying patient. (c) The marijuana regulatory agency shall verify the information contained in an application or renewal submitted pursuant to this section, and shall approve or deny an application or renewal within 15 business days after receiving it. The marijuana regulatory agency may deny an application or renewal only if the applicant did not provide the information required pursuant to this section, or if the marijuana regulatory agency determines that the information provided was falsified. Rejection of an application or renewal is considered a final marijuana regulatory agency action, subject to judicial review. Jurisdiction and venue for judicial review are vested in the circuit court for the county of Ingham. (d) The marijuana regulatory agency shall issue a registry identification card to the primary caregiver, if any, who is named in a qualifying patient's approved application. However, each qualifying patient can have not more than 1 primary caregiver, and a primary caregiver may assist not more than 5 qualifying patients with their medical use of marihuana. (e) The marijuana regulatory agency shall issue registry identification cards within 5 business days after approving an application or renewal. A registry identification card expires 2 years after the date it is issued. Registry identification cards must contain all of the following: (1) Name, address, and date of birth of the qualifying patient. (2) Name, address, and date of birth of the primary caregiver, if any, of the qualifying patient. (3) The date of issuance and expiration date of the registry identification card. (4) A random identification number. (5) A photograph, if the marijuana regulatory agency requires one by rule. (6) A clear designation showing whether the primary caregiver or the qualifying patient will be allowed under state law to possess the marihuana plants for the qualifying patient's medical use, which shall be determined based solely on the qualifying patient's preference. (f) If a registered qualifying patient's certifying physician notifies the marijuana regulatory agency in writing that the patient has ceased to suffer from a debilitating medical condition, the card becomes null and void upon notification by the marijuana regulatory agency to the patient. (g) Possession of, or application for, a registry identification card shall not constitute probable cause or reasonable suspicion, nor shall it be used to support the search of the person or property of the person possessing or applying for the registry identification card, or otherwise subject the person or property of the person to inspection by any local, county, or state governmental agency. (h) The following confidentiality rules apply: (1) Subject to subdivisions (3) and (4), applications and supporting information submitted by qualifying patients, including information regarding their primary caregivers and physicians, are confidential. (2) The marijuana regulatory agency shall maintain a confidential list of the persons to whom the marijuana regulatory agency has issued registry identification cards. Except as provided in subdivisions (3) and (4), individual names and other identifying information on the list are confidential and are exempt from disclosure under the freedom of information act, 1976 PA 442, MCL 15.231 to 15.246. (3) The marijuana regulatory agency shall verify to law enforcement personnel and to the necessary database created in the marihuana tracking act as established by the medical marihuana facilities licensing act whether a registry identification card is valid, without disclosing more information than is reasonably necessary to verify the authenticity of the registry identification card. (4) A person, including an employee, contractor, or official of the marijuana regulatory agency or another state agency or local unit of government, who discloses confidential information in violation of this act is guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment for not more than 6 months or a fine of not more than $1,000.00, or both. Notwithstanding this provision, marijuana regulatory agency employees may notify law enforcement about falsified or fraudulent information submitted to the marijuana regulatory agency. (i) The marijuana regulatory agency shall submit to the legislature an annual report that does not disclose any identifying information about qualifying patients, primary caregivers, or physicians, but does contain, at a minimum, all of the following information: (1) The number of applications filed for registry identification cards. (2) The number of qualifying patients and primary caregivers approved in each county. (3) The nature of the debilitating medical conditions of the qualifying patients. (4) The number of registry identification cards revoked. (5) The number of physicians providing written certifications for qualifying patients. (j) The marijuana regulatory agency may enter into a contract with a private contractor to assist the marijuana regulatory agency in performing its duties under this section. The contract may provide for assistance in processing and issuing registry identification cards, but the marijuana regulatory agency shall retain the authority to make the final determination as to issuing the registry identification card. Any contract must include a provision requiring the contractor to preserve the confidentiality of information in conformity with subsection (h). (k) Not later than 6 months after April 1, 2013, the marijuana regulatory agency shall appoint a panel to review petitions to approve medical conditions or treatments for addition to the list of debilitating medical conditions under the rules. The panel shall meet at least twice each year and shall review and make a recommendation to the marijuana regulatory agency concerning any petitions that have been submitted that are completed and include any documentation required by rule. All of the following apply to the panel: (1) A majority of the panel members must be licensed physicians, and the panel shall provide recommendations to the marijuana regulatory agency regarding whether the petitions should be approved or denied. (2) All meetings of the panel are subject to the open meetings act, 1976 PA 267, MCL 15.261 to 15.275. (l) The marihuana registry fund is created within the state treasury. All fees collected under this act shall be deposited into the fund. The state treasurer may receive money or other assets from any source for deposit into the fund. The state treasurer shall direct the investment of the fund. The state treasurer shall credit to the fund interest and earnings from fund investments. Money in the fund at the close of the fiscal year must remain in the fund and must not lapse to the general fund. The marijuana regulatory agency shall be the administrator of the fund for auditing purposes. The marijuana regulatory agency shall expend money from the fund, upon appropriation, for the operation and oversight of the Michigan medical marihuana program. For the fiscal year ending September 30, 2016, $8,500,000.00 is appropriated from the marihuana registry fund to the department for its initial costs of implementing the medical marihuana facilities licensing act and the marihuana tracking act. For the fiscal year ending September 30, 2021, $24,000,000.00 of the money in the marihuana registry fund is transferred to and must be deposited into the Michigan set aside fund created under section 1i of 1965 PA 213, MCL 780.621i. (m) As used in this section, "marijuana regulatory agency" means the marijuana regulatory agency created under Executive Reorganization Order No. 2019-2, MCL 333.27001. 2008, Initiated Law 1, Eff. Dec. 4, 2008; Am. 2012, Act 514, Eff. Apr. 1, 2013; Am. 2016, Act 283, Eff. Dec. 20, 2016; Am. 2020, Act 400, Imd. Eff. Jan. 4, 2021 [Compiler] MCL 333.26430 of Initiated Law 1 of 2008 provides: [Compiler] 10. Severability. [Compiler] Sec. 10. Any section of this act being held invalid as to any person or circumstances shall not affect the application of any other section of this act that can be given full effect without the invalid section or application. [Compiler] Enacting section 2 of Act 283 of 2016 provides: [Compiler] "Enacting section 2. This amendatory act clarifies ambiguities in the law in accordance with the original intent of the people, as expressed in section 2(b) of the Michigan medical marihuana act, 2008 IL 1, MCL 333.26422: [Compiler] "(b) Data from the Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reports and the Compendium of Federal Justice Statistics show that approximately 99 out of every 100 marihuana arrests in the United States are made under state law, rather than under federal law. Consequently, changing state law will have the practical effect of protecting from arrest the vast majority of seriously ill people who have a medical need to use marihuana.". [Emphasis added.] [Compiler] This amendatory act is curative and applies retroactively as to the following: clarifying the quantities and forms of marihuana for which a person is protected from arrest, precluding an interpretation of "weight" as aggregate weight, and excluding an added inactive substrate component of a preparation in determining the amount of marihuana, medical marihuana, or usable marihuana that constitutes an offense. Retroactive application of this amendatory act does not create a cause of action against a law enforcement officer or any other state or local governmental officer, employee, department, or agency that enforced this act under a good-faith interpretation of its provisions at the time of enforcement." [Compiler] For the transfer of powers and duties of the department of licensing and regulatory affairs, including its bureau of marijuana regulation, to the marijuana regulatory agency, and abolishment of the bureau of marijuana regulation, see E.R.O. No. 2019-2, compiled at MCL 333.27001. [Compiler] For the renaming of the marijuana regulatory agency to the cannabis regulatory agency, see E.R.O. No. 2022-1, compiled at MCL 333.27002.

MCL 333.26427 Scope of act; limitations; application of certain provisions of the revised judicature act of 1961.

333.26427. Scope of act; limitations; application of certain provisions of the revised judicature act of 1961. 7. Scope of Act. Sec. 7. (a) The medical use of marihuana is allowed under state law to the extent that it complies with this act. (b) This act does not authorize a person to do any of the following: (1) Undertake any task under the influence of marihuana, if doing so would constitute negligence or professional malpractice. (2) Possess marihuana, or engage in the medical use of marihuana, at any of the following locations: (A) In a school bus. (B) On the grounds of any preschool or primary or secondary school. (C) In any correctional facility. (3) Smoke marihuana at any of the following locations: (A) On any form of public transportation. (B) In any public place. (4) Operate, navigate, or be in actual physical control of any motor vehicle, aircraft, snowmobile, off-road recreational vehicle, or motorboat while under the influence of marihuana. (5) Use marihuana if that person does not have a serious or debilitating medical condition. (6) Separate plant resin from a marihuana plant by butane extraction in any of the following: (A) A public place. (B) A motor vehicle. (C) Inside or within the curtilage of any residential structure. (7) Separate plant resin from a marihuana plant by butane extraction in a manner that demonstrates a failure to exercise reasonable care or reckless disregard for the safety of others. (c) Nothing in this act requires any of the following: (1) A government medical assistance program or commercial or nonprofit health insurer to reimburse a person for costs associated with the medical use of marihuana. (2) An employer to accommodate the ingestion of marihuana in any workplace or any employee working while under the influence of marihuana. (3) A private property owner to lease residential property to any person who smokes or cultivates marihuana on the premises, if the prohibition against smoking or cultivating marihuana is in the written lease. (d) Fraudulent representation to a law enforcement official of any fact or circumstance relating to the medical use of marihuana to avoid arrest or prosecution is punishable by a fine of $500.00, in addition to any other penalties that may apply for making a false statement or for the use of marihuana other than use that complies with this act. (e) All other acts and parts of acts inconsistent with this act do not apply to the medical use of marihuana as provided for by this act. However, if this act is inconsistent with any part of chapter 10a, 10b, 10c, or 12 of the revised judicature act of 1961, 1961 PA 236, MCL 600.1060 to 600.1088, 600.1090 to 600.1099a, 600.1099b to 600.1099m, and 600.1200 to 600.1212, that part applies. 2008, Initiated Law 1, Eff. Dec. 4, 2008; Am. 2016, Act 283, Eff. Dec. 20, 2016; Am. 2016, Act 546, Eff. Apr. 10, 2017; Am. 2022, Act 186, Imd. Eff. July 25, 2022 [Compiler] MCL 333.26430 of Initiated Law 1 of 2008 provides: [Compiler] 10. Severability. [Compiler] Sec. 10. Any section of this act being held invalid as to any person or circumstances shall not affect the application of any other section of this act that can be given full effect without the invalid section or application. [Compiler] Enacting section 2 of Act 283 of 2016 provides: [Compiler] "Enacting section 2. This amendatory act clarifies ambiguities in the law in accordance with the original intent of the people, as expressed in section 2(b) of the Michigan medical marihuana act, 2008 IL 1, MCL 333.26422: [Compiler] "(b) Data from the Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reports and the Compendium of Federal Justice Statistics show that approximately 99 out of every 100 marihuana arrests in the United States are made under state law, rather than under federal law. Consequently, changing state law will have the practical effect of protecting from arrest the vast majority of seriously ill people who have a medical need to use marihuana.". [Emphasis added.] [Compiler] This amendatory act is curative and applies retroactively as to the following: clarifying the quantities and forms of marihuana for which a person is protected from arrest, precluding an interpretation of "weight" as aggregate weight, and excluding an added inactive substrate component of a preparation in determining the amount of marihuana, medical marihuana, or usable marihuana that constitutes an offense. Retroactive application of this amendatory act does not create a cause of action against a law enforcement officer or any other state or local governmental officer, employee, department, or agency that enforced this act under a good-faith interpretation of its provisions at the time of enforcement." [Compiler] For the transfer of powers and duties of the department of licensing and regulatory affairs, including its bureau of marijuana regulation, to the marijuana regulatory agency, and abolishment of the bureau of marijuana regulation, see E.R.O. No. 2019-2, compiled at MCL 333.27001. [Compiler] For the renaming of the marijuana regulatory agency to the cannabis regulatory agency, see E.R.O. No. 2022-1, compiled at MCL 333.27002.

MCL 333.26428 Defenses.

333.26428. Defenses. 8. Affirmative Defense and Dismissal for Medical Marihuana. Sec. 8. (a) Except as provided in section 7(b), a patient and a patient's primary caregiver, if any, may assert the medical purpose for using marihuana as a defense to any prosecution involving marihuana, and this defense shall be presumed valid where the evidence shows that: (1) A physician has stated that, in the physician's professional opinion, after having completed a full assessment of the patient's medical history and current medical condition made in the course of a bona fide physician-patient relationship, the patient is likely to receive therapeutic or palliative benefit from the medical use of marihuana to treat or alleviate the patient's serious or debilitating medical condition or symptoms of the patient's serious or debilitating medical condition; (2) The patient and the patient's primary caregiver, if any, were collectively in possession of a quantity of marihuana that was not more than was reasonably necessary to ensure the uninterrupted availability of marihuana for the purpose of treating or alleviating the patient's serious or debilitating medical condition or symptoms of the patient's serious or debilitating medical condition; and (3) The patient and the patient's primary caregiver, if any, were engaged in the acquisition, possession, cultivation, manufacture, use, delivery, transfer, or transportation of marihuana or paraphernalia relating to the use of marihuana to treat or alleviate the patient's serious or debilitating medical condition or symptoms of the patient's serious or debilitating medical condition. (b) A person may assert the medical purpose for using marihuana in a motion to dismiss, and the charges shall be dismissed following an evidentiary hearing where the person shows the elements listed in subsection (a). (c) If a patient or a patient's primary caregiver demonstrates the patient's medical purpose for using marihuana pursuant to this section, the patient and the patient's primary caregiver shall not be subject to the following for the patient's medical use of marihuana: (1) disciplinary action by a business or occupational or professional licensing board or bureau; or (2) forfeiture of any interest in or right to property. 2008, Initiated Law 1, Eff. Dec. 4, 2008; Am. 2012, Act 512, Eff. Apr. 1, 2013 [Compiler] MCL 333.26430 of Initiated Law 1 of 2008 provides: [Compiler] 10. Severability. [Compiler] Sec. 10. Any section of this act being held invalid as to any person or circumstances shall not affect the application of any other section of this act that can be given full effect without the invalid section or application. [Compiler] For the transfer of powers and duties of the department of licensing and regulatory affairs, including its bureau of marijuana regulation, to the marijuana regulatory agency, and abolishment of the bureau of marijuana regulation, see E.R.O. No. 2019-2, compiled at MCL 333.27001. [Compiler] For the renaming of the marijuana regulatory agency to the cannabis regulatory agency, see E.R.O. No. 2022-1, compiled at MCL 333.27002.

MCL 333.26429 Failure of department to adopt rules or issue valid registry identification card.

333.26429. Failure of department to adopt rules or issue valid registry identification card. 9. Enforcement of this Act. Sec. 9. (a) If the department fails to adopt rules to implement this act within 120 days of the effective date of this act, a qualifying patient may commence an action in the circuit court for the county of Ingham to compel the department to perform the actions mandated pursuant to the provisions of this act. (b) If the department fails to issue a valid registry identification card in response to a valid application or renewal submitted pursuant to this act within 20 days of its submission, the registry identification card shall be deemed granted, and a copy of the registry identification application or renewal shall be deemed a valid registry identification card. (c) If at any time after the 140 days following the effective date of this act the department is not accepting applications, including if it has not created rules allowing qualifying patients to submit applications, a notarized statement by a qualifying patient containing the information required in an application, pursuant to section 6(a)(3)-(6) together with a written certification, shall be deemed a valid registry identification card. 2008, Initiated Law 1, Eff. Dec. 4, 2008 [Compiler] MCL 333.26430 of Initiated Law 1 of 2008 provides: [Compiler] 10. Severability. [Compiler] Sec. 10. Any section of this act being held invalid as to any person or circumstances shall not affect the application of any other section of this act that can be given full effect without the invalid section or application. [Compiler] For the transfer of powers and duties of the department of licensing and regulatory affairs, including its bureau of marijuana regulation, to the marijuana regulatory agency, and abolishment of the bureau of marijuana regulation, see E.R.O. No. 2019-2, compiled at MCL 333.27001. [Compiler] For the renaming of the marijuana regulatory agency to the cannabis regulatory agency, see E.R.O. No. 2022-1, compiled at MCL 333.27002.

MCL 333.26430 Severabilty.

333.26430. Severabilty. 10. Severability. Sec. 10. Any section of this act being held invalid as to any person or circumstances shall not affect the application of any other section of this act that can be given full effect without the invalid section or application. 2008, Initiated Law 1, Eff. Dec. 4, 2008 [Compiler] For the transfer of powers and duties of the department of licensing and regulatory affairs, including its bureau of marijuana regulation, to the marijuana regulatory agency, and abolishment of the bureau of marijuana regulation, see E.R.O. No. 2019-2, compiled at MCL 333.27001. [Compiler] For the renaming of the marijuana regulatory agency to the cannabis regulatory agency, see E.R.O. No. 2022-1, compiled at MCL 333.27002.

Source: Michigan Legislature (legislature.mi.gov)URL: https://legislature.mi.gov/documents/mcl/Chapter%20333.xmlFetched: 10/20/2026