Ark. Code Ann. § 25-4-101 Title.
This chapter shall be known and cited as the “Arkansas Information Systems Act of 1997”.
Division of Information Systems
Ark. Code Ann. tit. 25, ch. 4
in effectArk. Code Ann. § 25-4-102 Legislative findings and declaration of intent.
(a) The General Assembly finds and declares information and information resources to be strategic assets of the State of Arkansas and that procedures must be established to ensure that:
(1) Information resources are used in an efficient manner;
(2) Resources of the Office of State Technology are used unless an exception is authorized;
(3) Information is administered and shared, consistent with requirements for security, privacy, and confidentiality;
(4) Information technology acquisitions meet state needs and are consistent with coordinated efforts to maximize standardization and cost effectiveness;
(5) State officials have timely access to information in useful forms; and
(6) The office complies with applicable state and federal statutory and regulatory provisions.
(b) The General Assembly further declares its intent to create a state agency office to:
(1) Provide design and management services for the state's core information technology infrastructures;
(2) Provide information technology services;
(3) Implement appropriate technologies to exchange and share information; and
(4) Develop technical standards and specifications and provide technical leadership and guidance to support the state's enterprise architecture.
(c) It is also the intent of the General Assembly that the office achieve certain objectives that will better support information technology utilization by other state agencies. These objectives are to:
(1) Implement increased capabilities for communication and exchange of information; and
(2) Develop and publish mechanisms for more timely acquisition of information technology.
(d)(1) The General Assembly further finds and determines that:
(A) Information technology services are readily available in the private sector;
(B) The public interest would be well served by competition for the provision of such services to the state;
(C) Public-private partnerships or joint ventures for the provision of such services may be appropriate in certain instances; and
(D) Emphasis will be given to encouraging and enabling competition among suppliers of such services whenever possible in the administration of this chapter.
(2) The office shall consider in the development of the office plan and the Joint Committee on Advanced Communications and Information Technology shall emphasize in its recommendations and policies the availability in the private sector of information technology resources upon a competitive bid basis with a view to assuring the state of the highest reasonable quality of resources at the lowest reasonable cost.
(e)(1) In exercising its authority under § 25-4-105, the office shall competitively procure information technology except as provided in this subsection.
(2) The office is not authorized by § 25-4-105 to provide information technology services, including telecommunications and broadband services, to the general public, other than nongovernmental first responder entities, in competition with private sector telecommunications and cable communications providers.
(3) Customers of the office are not authorized to use information technology facilities and services provided by the office to provide telecommunications and broadband services to the general public in competition with private sector telecommunications and cable communications providers.
Ark. Code Ann. § 25-4-103 Definitions.
As used in this chapter:
(1) “Application” means a separately identifiable and interrelated set of information technology resources that allows information processing to support specifically defined objectives;
(2) “Chief Technology Officer” means the Director of the Division of Information Systems;
(3) “Core information technology infrastructure” means the state data, state network and application interfaces, state security, and disaster recovery;
(4) “Customer” means a state agency, other governmental entity, or nongovernmental first responder entity that purchases or uses services under this chapter;
(5) “Equipment” means the machines, devices, and transmission facilities used in information processing, including computers, word processors, terminals, telephones, cables, software, and related services;
(6) “Information technology” means the use, development, management, and application of computer systems, networks, and electronic data processing to collect, store, process, transmit, retrieve, and secure information and includes without limitation:
(1) Hardware;
(2) Software;
(3) Networking and telecommunications;
(4) Data management;
(5) Cybersecurity;
(6) Privacy;
(7) Third-party hosting; and
(8) Emerging technology;
(7) “Information technology” means any component related to information processing and wired and wireless telecommunications, including data processing and telecommunications hardware, software, services, planning, personnel, facilities, and training;
(8) “Information technology resources” means the procedures, equipment, and software that are designed, built, operated, and maintained to collect, record, process, store, retrieve, display, and transmit information, and the associated personnel, including consultants and contractors;
(9) “Network infrastructure” means the shared portions of the state's telecommunications transmission facilities, including all transmission lines and all associated equipment and software components necessary for the management and control of the state network;
(10) “Nongovernmental first responder entity” means state and law enforcement personnel, fire department personnel, and emergency medical personnel who will be deployed to bioterrorism attacks, terrorist attacks, catastrophic or natural disasters, and other emergencies;
(11) “Other governmental entities” means state-elected constitutional officers and their staffs, the Supreme Court and the Administrative Office of the Courts, the General Assembly or its committees or staffs, the Arkansas Department of Transportation, the Arkansas State Game and Fish Commission, the federal government, cities, counties, municipalities, public school districts, and other publicly funded governmental entities;
(12) “Project” means a program to apply information technology resources to functions within or among elements of a state agency that ideally is characterized by well-defined parameters, specific objectives, common benefits, planned activities, a scheduled completion date, and an established budget with a specified source of funding;
(13) “Project management” means principles, practices, and techniques applied to lead projects and teams and the control of project schedules, costs, and performance risks with the goal of satisfying customers' requirements;
(14) “Public instrumentality” means any statutorily created entity charged with the responsibility of providing information or services through the use of information technology;
(15) “State Chief Technology Officer” means the Director of the Office of State Technology;
(16) “State enterprise architecture” means a description of the elements of business processes and supporting technologies, policies, standards, procedures, solutions, and infrastructures that:
(A) Makes up an enterprise; and
(B) Documents how the components described in this subdivision (16) relate to one another, and the principles that govern their design and evolution over time;
(17) “Telecommunications” means all forms of communications devices and transport media for the conveyance by electronic or electrical means of voice, words, data, signals, or images; and
(18) “Working group” means a group of subject matter experts convened for the purpose of collaborating and devising strategies.
Ark. Code Ann. § 25-4-106 Reporting requirements.
(a)(1) The Director of the Office of State Technology will report periodically to the Joint Committee on Advanced Communications and Information Technology regarding the status of the Office of State Technology's information technology responsibilities in state government.
(2) The director may report any factors that are outside the scope of the office but are deemed to inhibit or to promote the office's responsibilities.
(b)(1) By October 31, January 31, April 30, and July 31 of each fiscal year, the director shall compile and submit a report to the:
(A) Legislative Council, if submitted between regular sessions of the General Assembly;
(B) Joint Budget Committee, if submitted during a session of the General Assembly; and
(C) Joint Committee on Advanced Communications and Information Technology.
(2) The report shall:
(A) Detail all requests from state agencies, boards, and commissions for advice regarding information technology planning, implementation, installation, rates or fees, utilization of products, services, and integrations or upgrades to be added to all existing technology plans; and
(B) Provide a full report of all corresponding recommendations made by the office to the requesting state agencies, boards, and commissions.
(3) The report shall include:
(A) The name of the state agency, board, or commission requesting the advice;
(B) The name and scope of the project for which advice is being sought;
(C) The type of advice sought, for example, technical, product or service utilization, planning, implementation, installation, integration, or upgrades;
(D) A detailed explanation of all recommendations provided by the office;
(E) How the recommendation fits into the information technology plan of the agency, board, or commission;
(F) How the recommendation fits into the state's information technology plan and state enterprise architecture; and
(G) Other information as may be useful for policy making decisions by the Legislative Council or the Joint Committee on Advanced Communications and Information Technology.
Ark. Code Ann. § 25-4-108 Division of Information Systems — Working groups.
(a) The Director of the Office of State Technology may appoint working groups as necessary for specific purposes related to information technology coordination.
(b) Working group membership shall be determined by the director.
(c) Each working group shall establish a timeline for completion of its charge to accomplish performance-driven results.
(d) Working groups shall meet at least quarterly to achieve their assigned charges.
Ark. Code Ann. § 25-4-109 Information technology centers.
(a) The Office of State Technology is authorized to establish, maintain, and operate information technology centers and, in connection therewith, to rent, purchase, install, operate, and maintain information technology for state agencies as authorized in this chapter.
(b) The office is authorized to enter into contracts or agreements with state agencies for the purpose of providing information technology.
(c) State agencies are authorized to enter into any contracts with the office or its successor that may be necessary or desirable to effectuate the purposes and policies of this chapter or for maximum utilization of facilities and services that are the subject of this chapter.
(d) Agencies shall use the core information technology infrastructure.
(e) The office is authorized to enter into agreements and contracts with public utilities for telecommunications service.
(f) The information technology centers operated by the office shall be made available to all state agencies that fall within economical and feasible boundaries.
(g) Agencies shall use project management for designated activities defined as a project.
Ark. Code Ann. § 25-4-110 Information technology — Planning.
(a) The Office of State Technology shall submit status reports annually or when requested to the Joint Committee on Advanced Communications and Information Technology.
(b)(1) Each state agency shall develop a biennial information technology plan that establishes state agency goals, objectives, and policies regarding the development and use of information technology.
(2)(A) Each state agency shall specifically include a policy regarding the use of the internet.
(B) A statement of the agency's policy regarding the use of the internet shall include:
(i) The penalties for violations of the agency's internet policy;
(ii) The number of employees and computers that have access to the internet and the percentage of those employees and computers to the total number of employees and computers;
(iii) The needs of the agency and how those needs relate to the use of the internet; and
(iv) The responsibilities of the agency's employees as those responsibilities relate to the efficient and responsible use of the internet.
(3) Plans may be updated by agencies in a timely manner to remain current and must accommodate changes in the evolving state information technology plan and standards.
(c) The office shall distribute criteria, elements, form, and format for agency plans. Plans may include, but not be limited to, the following:
(1) A statement of the agency's mission, goals, and objectives for information technology;
(2) Goals and objectives for achieving electronic access to agency records, information, and services;
(3) Consideration of a variety of information technologies, including those that help transcend geographic locations, standard business hours, economic conditions of users, and disabilities;
(4) Compliance with the Freedom of Information Act of 1967, § 25-19-101 et seq.;
(5) An explanation of how the state agency's mission, goals, and objectives for information technology support and conform to the state information technology plan developed by the office;
(6) An implementation strategy to include:
(A) Annual implementation objectives of the plan;
(B) Methods to educate both state employees and the public in the effective use of access technologies; and
(C) Agency activities to increase electronic access to public records and information to be implemented within available resources and existing state agency planning processes;
(7) Projects and resources required to meet the objectives of the plan;
(8) Estimated schedules and funding required to implement identified projects;
(9) An evaluation of the agency's performance relating to information technology;
(10) An assessment of progress made toward implementing the agency information technology plan;
(11) A discussion of progress toward electronic access to public information and enabling citizens to have two-way interaction for obtaining information and services from state agencies; and
(12) An inventory of state agency information technology.
(d)(1) Plans developed or updated shall be submitted to the office.
(2) The office may reject, require modification to, or approve plans as deemed appropriate.
(3) Plans shall be modified by the state agency as necessary.
(e)(1) Plans developed or updated by public instrumentalities shall be submitted for review to the Joint Committee on Advanced Communications and Information Technology.
(2) The Joint Committee on Advanced Communications and Information Technology may seek the assistance of the office in conducting this review.
(3) Plans shall be modified by the public instrumentality as necessary.
Ark. Code Ann. § 25-4-111 Information technology — Prerequisites.
(a) Unless the agency first receives approval for a plan or an updated plan as provided for under § 25-4-110, a state agency shall not:
(1) Acquire by purchase or lease any new or additional information technology; or
(2) Enter into any contract for information technology.
(b) If an agency desires to acquire information technology not part of an information technology plan approved under § 25-4-110, the requesting agency shall submit a waiver request to the Director of the Division of Information Systems that includes:
(1) Identification of necessary additional services or improvements in information technology;
(2) Relationship of the information technology improvements or additions to the overall goals of the agency;
(3) Resources needed to provide the additional services or improvements; and
(4) Measurement and evaluation criteria.
(c)(1) Upon evaluation of the waiver request, the director shall notify the agency in writing of his or her approval or rejection of the request and his or her reasons.
(2) The director shall make his or her evaluation in a timely manner. If the director requires more than thirty (30) days to complete the evaluation, he or she shall report in writing to the Governor and the Secretary of the Department of Shared Administrative Services his or her reasons for the delay in completion.
(3) If the director rejects a request for a waiver, a state agency shall not make any expenditure of public funds for the acquisition or expansion of information technology equipment or services.
(4) If the director determines that the agency needs additional information technology resources, he or she may:
(A) Authorize the agency to acquire the requested information technology in accordance with the state enterprise architecture;
(B) Authorize acquisition of a modified information technology configuration;
(C) Notify the agency of the availability of Office of State Technology facilities to provide the requested information technology; or
(D) Recommend that the information technology be provided through the facilities of some other designated state agency.
(d) All state agencies shall comply with the provisions of the Arkansas Procurement Law, § 19-61-101 et seq., and applicable provisions of the General Accounting and Budgetary Procedures Law, § 19-4-101 et seq., in the acquisition, purchase, contracting for the purchase of, and leasing of information technology.
Ark. Code Ann. § 25-4-112 Application to educational institutions.
(a)(1) In the case of state-supported institutions of higher education and state-supported postsecondary vocational-technical schools, the provisions of this chapter shall apply to business and administrative applications of information technology but do not apply to academic and research applications.
(2) On-campus telecommunications systems shall also be exempt from the provisions of this chapter except when they are connected to the state telecommunications network infrastructure.
(3) On-campus telecommunications systems shall be defined as those bounded by the outer perimeter of contiguous campus property.
(b)(1) A state-supported institution of higher education, a post- secondary vocational-technical school, an area vocational school, or a public school district may request technical assistance regarding information technology from the Office of State Technology.
(2)(A) Assistance shall be provided by the office free of charge within a reasonable period.
(B) However, the requesting institution shall reimburse the office for any actual expenses incurred while providing requested technical assistance.
Ark. Code Ann. § 25-4-114 Contracts and agreements for information technology.
(a) Contracts and agreements for state agencies for information technology shall adhere to the state enterprise architecture.
(b) A state agency shall submit to the Director of the Office of State Technology for review and approval a request for the state agency to enter into a technology contract or agreement that is not in compliance with the state enterprise architecture.
(c) Contracts for the provision of information technology are interagency agreements and are exempt from the provisions of the Arkansas Procurement Law, § 19-61-101 et seq., and the General Accounting and Budgetary Procedures Law, § 19-4-101 et seq., nor are they required to be submitted to the Legislative Council for advice.
Ark. Code Ann. § 25-4-115 Professional services contracts between office and outside vendors.
(a)(1) In the event that, due to unforeseen circumstances, the Office of State Technology cannot provide sufficient information technology support to state agencies, the Director of the Office of State Technology is authorized to enter into professional services contracts for the necessary information technology support.
(2) The office may also consolidate information technology needs to satisfy state agency requests.
(b)(1) The office may utilize moneys appropriated for maintenance, operation, and payment of regular salaries of the office for the purchase of professional services upon approval by the Secretary of the Department of Shared Administrative Services.
(2)(A) Provided, however, that before approving the use of moneys appropriated for payment of regular salaries of the office for obtaining professional services, the secretary shall determine that resignations, vacancies in positions, or the inability to employ persons with technical skills to provide the professional services has necessitated that action.
(B) In addition, the secretary shall obtain the approval of the Legislative Council or the Joint Budget Committee if the General Assembly is in session, before approving any transfer of regular salary appropriations to the maintenance and operation appropriation of a state agency to be used for payment of professional services.
Ark. Code Ann. § 25-4-116 Payment for information technology.
(a) Before a state agency may enter into an agreement with the Office of State Technology for purchase of information technology, the agency shall certify that adequate appropriations and funds are available for purchasing information technology from the office.
(b)(1) If the state agency's line item appropriation for purchase of information technology is inadequate and if there are contemplated savings in the funds appropriated for the requesting agency which could be utilized for purchase of information technology without jeopardizing other essential programs and services of the state agency, then the savings which may be required for the purchase of services may be transferred, upon written approval of the amount thereof by the Chief Fiscal Officer of the State, from any appropriation of the agency to the agency appropriation for the purchase of information technology on the books of the Auditor of State and the Chief Fiscal Officer of the State.
(2) Provided, however, before approving any transfers of moneys appropriated for a state agency to the line-item appropriation for purchase of information technology of that state agency, the Chief Fiscal Officer of the State shall obtain the advice of the Legislative Council with respect thereto.
(3) The transfers authorized in this chapter shall be made from time to time within the amounts authorized in the procedures set forth in this chapter, upon payment for information technology purchased from the office.
Ark. Code Ann. § 25-4-117 Delinquent accounts.
(a) For accounts that are thirty (30) days overdue and have no charges contested by the user, the Office of State Technology may request the Chief Fiscal Officer of the State to transfer all or part of the overdue amount from the user's account to the office's revolving account. The Chief Fiscal Officer of the State shall transfer the amount within ten (10) working days.
(b) For accounts that are sixty (60) days overdue and have charges being contested by the user, the office may request the Chief Fiscal Officer of the State to transfer all or part of the overdue amount from the user's account to the office's revolving account. If the resolution of contested charges favors the user, the user may request the Chief Fiscal Officer of the State to transfer all or part of the overdue amount from the office's revolving account to the user's account.
(c) The office is authorized to discontinue information technology service to users who do not make a timely remittance of payment for services rendered and is specifically prohibited from providing services to state agencies lacking funds or sufficient appropriations to pay for the services.
Ark. Code Ann. § 25-4-119 Budget procedures.
(a)(1) Prior to the commencement of budget hearings conducted by the Legislative Council, the Director of the Office of State Technology shall prepare an operating budget indicating the amount of money that will be required to operate the Office of State Technology each year of the succeeding biennium.
(2) The director shall also provide cost information to users of information technology centers, and those who require new or expanded information technology shall be provided cost estimates for inclusion in their budget requests.
(b)(1) When the General Assembly has completed the appropriation process, the director shall oversee budgetary planning for the office for each fiscal year of the biennium.
(2) The proposed annual operating budget shall be submitted to the Secretary of the Department of Shared Administrative Services for his or her approval prior to the beginning of each fiscal year.
(3)(A) During the course of the biennium, the director shall make certain that the expenditures of the office do not exceed the income to be received by the office for the current fiscal year.
(B) Subject to the written approval of the Chief Fiscal Officer of the State upon the written application of the office and review by the Legislative Council, in order to effect compliance with state and federal statutory and regulatory provisions:
(i) The director shall adjust rates for services or issue billing adjustments as necessary; or
(ii) Funds sufficient to effect compliance shall be provided to the office.
(4)(A) If rates charged to a customer are increased to ensure compliance with state and federal statutory and regulatory provisions under subdivision (b)(3) of this section, then the director shall promptly notify the Governor, the Joint Committee on Advanced Communications and Information Technology, and all state agencies and other customers before any changes shall be effected.
(B) Rates shall be reviewed by the office on no less than an annual basis in order to ensure compliance with state and federal statutory and regulatory provisions.
(c) The quarterly allotment procedures applicable to state agencies, as defined by the General Accounting and Budgetary Procedures Law, § 19-4-101 et seq., shall be applicable to all appropriations funded directly through general revenue.
Ark. Code Ann. § 25-4-120 Revisions to budget, purchasing, and personnel process.
(a)(1) Prior to June 30 of each even-numbered year, the Legislative Council shall conduct a review of the state budget, purchasing, and personnel process used by state agencies regarding information technology.
(2) The Legislative Council shall prepare recommendations for changes in the information technology budget process for utilization in the development of state agency budgets for the next biennial budget cycle.
(b) All agencies of the executive branch shall cooperate fully with the Legislative Council to accomplish the purposes of this section.
(c) The Office of State Technology shall make recommendations regarding revisions to the state budget, purchasing, and personnel process related to information technology to the Legislative Council by March 1 of each even-numbered year.
Ark. Code Ann. § 25-4-122 Reserve for equipment acquisition — Loans.
(a)(1) The Office of State Technology is authorized to accumulate a reserve for equipment acquisition in an amount not to exceed the office's depreciation expense per fiscal year.
(2)(A) In addition, the office is authorized to obtain from the State Board of Finance loans from the Budget Stabilization Trust Fund to supplement the reserve if the reserve is insufficient to handle the total cost of required equipment acquisitions.
(B) These loans and the reserve for equipment acquisition shall be used exclusively for major equipment acquisitions or improvements of information technology required in order to fulfill the requirements for one (1) or more user agencies.
(C) The loans from the Budget Stabilization Trust Fund to the Information Technology Reserve Fund shall be repaid within five (5) years from revenues derived from charges to users, and the annual loan repayment amount shall be computed as a part of the total yearly expenses of the office and shall be charged proportionately to users.
(b)(1)(A) However, before the board approves any requests for loans by the office authorized in subdivision (a)(2) of this section, the requests shall be submitted to the Governor for his or her approval after the Governor has first obtained the advice of the Legislative Council in regard thereto.
(B) After having obtained advice, the Governor may in writing approve or reject the request.
(C) However, if the Legislative Council fails to give its written advice or opinion to the Governor within thirty (30) days after receiving notice of the request for loans, the Governor may proceed to act on the matter without the advice of the Legislative Council.
(2) The board shall make no loans if the approval of the Governor has not been obtained therefor.
(3) After obtaining the Governor's approval in writing, the board shall also review and may approve the loans and establish terms of repayment and a rate of interest to be paid by the Office of State Technology Revolving Fund to the Budget Stabilization Trust Fund. The rate shall be approximately equivalent to the rate of interest the board is receiving on other investments at the time of approving the loan request.
Ark. Code Ann. § 25-4-123 Information Technology Reserve Fund.
(a) There is established on the books of the Treasurer of State, Auditor of State, and Chief Fiscal Officer of the State a fund to be known as the “Information Technology Reserve Fund”.
(b) The Information Technology Reserve Fund shall consist of those funds transferred from the Office of State Technology Revolving Fund in an amount up to the authorized reserve for equipment acquisition as certified by the Chief Fiscal Officer of the State within thirty (30) days following the closing of each fiscal year, any loans which may be received from the Budget Stabilization Trust Fund, and any other moneys which may be provided by law, there to be used exclusively for major equipment acquisitions or improvements as set out in § 25-4-122.
Ark. Code Ann. § 25-4-124 Yearly computation of expenses — Disposition of surplus funds.
(a) Within sixty (60) days following the final closing entries for the consolidated annual financial report for each fiscal year, the Director of the Office of State Technology shall obtain from the Chief Fiscal Officer of the State the written approval of a plan that shall include a proposed methodology to make all appropriate adjustments to effect compliance with state and federal statutory and regulatory provisions for the fiscal year.
(b)(1) If the plan under subsection (a) of this section requires appropriate credits or debits to customer accounts to effect compliance with state and federal statutory and regulatory provisions, the Office of State Technology shall make any adjustments within sixty (60) days after approval of the plan.
(2) In the event that a customer no longer uses the services of the office, a fund transfer in the amount of that customer's credits under the plan described in subsection (a) of this section shall be made from the Office of State Technology Revolving Fund to the customer's treasury fund, upon certification of the amount by the director to the Chief Fiscal Officer of the State and the Treasurer of State. In the event the customer does not have a treasury fund, a warrant shall be issued by the office in payment of the customer's credit.
(c) In the event that the customer has an unpaid account balance due the office, the customer's credit shall be withheld until the account balance is satisfied.
Ark. Code Ann. § 25-4-125 State Broadband Manager.
(a) The Governor shall designate the State Broadband Manager.
(b) The State Broadband Manager shall coordinate the state's efforts to expand and improve broadband capacity and availability by:
(1) Serving as a single point of contact for:
(A) State agencies, boards, commissions, and constitutional officers, including without limitation the Governor, the Division of Elementary and Secondary Education, the Division of Higher Education, and the Arkansas Department of Transportation;
(B) Private businesses, enterprises, and broadband providers;
(C) Nonprofit organizations;
(D) Governmental entities and organizations organized under federal law or the law of another state; and
(E) Individuals and entities that seek to assist the state's efforts to improve economic development, elementary education, and secondary education through the use of broadband technology;
(2) Gathering, compiling, and maintaining information obtained independently or from an individual or entity described in subdivision (b)(1) of this section;
(3) Formulating, updating, and maintaining a state broadband plan; and
(4) On or before January 1 and July 1 of each year, filing a written report of the activities and operations of the State Broadband Manager for the preceding six (6) months with the:
(A) Governor;
(B) Legislative Council; and
(C) Joint Committee on Advanced Communications and Information Technology.
Ark. Code Ann. § 25-4-129 Gifts, grants, and donations — Reports.
(a) The Director of the Office of State Technology may accept on behalf of the Office of State Technology funds from any source, including but not limited to:
(1) Special revenue;
(2) General revenue;
(3) Gifts;
(4) Grants;
(5) Cash;
(6) Bequests;
(7) Devices;
(8) Donations;
(9) Real property;
(10) Personal property; and
(11) Equipment.
(b) The office shall file with the Legislative Council or, if the General Assembly is in session, the Joint Budget Committee, a quarterly report summarizing all funds received under subsection (a) of this section.
Source: Public.Resource.Org / UniCourt, Official Code of Arkansas Annotated, Release 78 (2020) (unicourt.github.io/cic-code-ar)URL: https://unicourt.github.io/cic-code-ar/transforms/ar/ocar/r78/gov.ar.code.title.25.htmlFetched: 11/8/2026