ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND CLEAN ENERGY DISTRICTS

RSA tit. III, ch. 53-F

in effect

RSA 53-F:1 Definitions.

53-F:1. Definitions. In this chapter: I. "Authority" means the New Hampshire business finance authority, the administrator for the program created by this chapter. II. "Capital provider" means a private entity or its designee, successor, or assigns that finances or refinances a qualifying improvement. III. "C-PACER" means commercial property assessed clean energy or resiliency. IV. "District" means an energy efficiency and clean energy district established under this chapter. V. "Eligible property" means real property located within the boundaries of the district, whether zoned or used for residential, commercial, industrial, or other uses, excluding residential property containing less than 5 dwelling units. VI. "Financing agreement" means the agreement between a property owner and a capital provider which governs the terms of financing between the parties, including the interest rate, term, conditions of prepayment, and penalties and interest for late or delinquent payment. VII. "Municipal program official" means a person designated by a municipality to liaison with the program administrator and administer the municipality duties and responsibilities in accordance with the administrative procedures set forth in the administrative agreement with the authority. VIII. "Municipality" means any city, town, unincorporated place, or village district, or the designated representative of the city, town, unincorporated place, or village district. IX. "Program" means the implementation and administration of C-PACER projects and financings according to this chapter. X. "Program administrator" means the authority or a third party designated by the authority to administer the program on its behalf. XI. "Program guidebook" means a comprehensive document created by the authority pursuant to this chapter, including appropriate guidelines for the program, specifications, approval criteria, assessment documents, and other standard forms consistent with the administration of a program under this chapter. XII. "Project application" means an application submitted to the program administrator to demonstrate that a proposed project qualifies for special assessment financing pursuant to the program guidebook. XIII. "Qualifying improvement" means resiliency improvements, energy conservation and efficiency improvements, clean energy improvements, or water conservation improvements. (a) "Clean energy improvement" means the installation of any system on the property for producing electricity for, or meeting heating, cooling, or water heating needs of the property, using either renewable energy sources, combined heat and power systems, or district energy systems using wood biomass (but not construction and demolition waste), waste heat, or natural gas. Such improvements include, but are not limited to, solar photovoltaic, solar thermal, wood biomass, wind, and geothermal systems, provided that, to be covered by an agreement with a property owner and financed under this chapter, such improvements shall be qualifying improvements under RSA 53-F:6; and (b) "Energy conservation and efficiency improvement" means measures to reduce consumption, through conservation or more efficient use, of electricity, fuel oil, natural gas, propane, or other forms of energy on or off the property, including but not limited to air sealing, installation of insulation, installation of heating, cooling, or ventilation systems meeting or exceeding ENERGY STAR standards, building modifications to increase the use of daylighting, replacement of windows with units meeting or exceeding ENERGY STAR standards, installation of energy controls or energy recovery systems, and installation of efficient lighting equipment, provided that, to be covered by an agreement with a property owner and financed under this chapter, all such improvements must be permanently affixed to a building or facility that is part of the property and shall be qualifying improvements under RSA 53-F:6; and (c) "Resiliency improvement" means improvements that increase the resilience of a property, including but not limited to air quality, snow and flood mitigation, energy storage and microgrids, alternative vehicle charging infrastructure, and fire and wind resistance. (d) "Water conservation improvement" means measures, equipment, or devices that decrease the consumption of or demand for water, address safe drinking water or eliminate lead from water used for drinking or cooking. XIV. "Qualifying project" means a project application which has qualifying improvements and has been approved by the program administrator. XV. "Special assessment" means a special assessment within the meaning and subject to the provisions of RSA 80:19, except as provided in RSA 53-F:8. XVI. "Special assessment agreement" or "assessment agreement" means a voluntary agreement of a property owner and a municipality to allow the municipality to place an assessment on the owner's property to repay special assessment financing pursuant to this chapter. XVII. "Special assessment lien" or "lien" means a lien recorded in which the eligible property is located to secure the special assessment, which assessment remains on the property until paid in full. Source. 2010, 215:2. 2011, 68:4, eff. July 15, 2011. 2014, 294:1, eff. Sept. 30, 2014. 2015, 121:1, 8, eff. June 8, 2015. 2025, 1:1, eff. March 10, 2025; 2:2, eff. March 10, 2025. 2026, 250:1, eff. July 2, 2026.

RSA 53-F:2 Adoption by Municipality.

53-F:2. Adoption by Municipality. I. In a municipality that has adopted a charter pursuant to RSA 49-D, the legislative body or governing body may consider and act upon the question in accordance with its municipal charter. II. In a municipality that has not adopted a charter pursuant to RSA 49-D, or in a village district, the question may be placed on the warrant of an annual meeting only by the governing body, or the governing body has the authority to adopt the provisions of this chapter and create a district after the governing body holds at least one public hearing in accordance with the provisions of this chapter. (a) Notice of the time and place of each public hearing held under this section shall be at least 10 calendar days before the hearing, excluding the day of posting and the day of the hearing. Notice of each public hearing shall be published in a paper of general circulation in the municipality and shall be posted in at least 2 public places. (b) In lieu of publication in a paper of general circulation pursuant to subparagraph (a), notice may be posted on the municipality's Internet website, if such exists. If notice is posted on the municipality's website in lieu of publication in a paper of general circulation, the notice shall: (1) Appear prominently on the municipality's website home page, or provide a clearly labeled link on the home page that directs users to notice; (2) Be posted at the time stated in subparagraph (a) and shall remain on the website until the conclusion of the hearing; and (3) Be posted in 2 other public places. (c) The notice shall include: (1) An adequate statement describing the area where the district shall be designated and designating the place where a map for the proposed district is on file for public inspection; and (2) To the greatest extent practicable and in easily understood language, any other information to improve public understanding of the proposed district and this chapter. (d) Notwithstanding paragraph II, upon receipt of a written petition signed by at least 25 registered voters prior to the governing body's vote, the question of the adoption of this chapter and the creation of a district shall be inserted as an article on the warrant for the next regular annual meeting. III. In a county with an unincorporated place, the county commissioners shall have the authority to adopt the provisions of this chapter and create one or more districts in one or more unincorporated places by resolution. IV. The district may cover all or a portion of the area within the municipality, village district, or unincorporated place. V. A municipality, village district, or county on behalf of an unincorporated place may vote to rescind its action and dissolve the district in the same manner as it may vote to adopt, provided that all agreements entered into with property owners and related legal obligations created prior to its vote to rescind shall remain in effect. VI. Notwithstanding this section and in accordance with RSA 39:3, a municipality that has not adopted a charter pursuant to RSA 49-D, or a village district, may vote to prohibit the establishment of new districts or dissolve any existing districts. All agreements entered into with property owners and related legal obligations created prior to the vote of the municipality or village district to dissolve a district shall remain in effect. Source. 2010, 215:2, eff. Aug. 27, 2010. 2025, 1:2, eff. March 10, 2025. 2026, 250:2, eff. July 2, 2026.

RSA 53-F:3 Authority.

53-F:3. Authority. To achieve the public benefits of protecting the economic and social well-being by reducing energy costs in the community and risks to the community associated with future escalation in energy prices, and addressing the threat of global climate change, any municipality which has adopted the provisions of this chapter and established an energy efficiency and clean energy district may, upon a finding by the governing body of the municipality, after notice and hearing, that the energy conservation and efficiency and clean energy improvements will serve the public purposes as set forth in this chapter and not primarily be for the benefit of private persons or uses even though such private benefits and uses may incidentally result, do the following: I. The authority is designated by the legislature to administer the program for all municipalities within the state. The authority is authorized to, at its direction, contract with a third party, whether private or governmental, to manage the day-to-day administration of the program. Anticipated expenses for the administration of the program shall be borne by the owners of eligible properties participating in the program. II. A municipality which adopts this chapter shall thereafter be authorized to establish one or more energy efficiency and clean energy districts. A municipality, at its discretion, may establish the district within the entirety of its jurisdictional boundaries. III. A municipality may enter into an agreement with a property owner to impose a voluntary special assessment to repay the financing of qualified projects on commercial property located in a region. III-a. An assessment may not be imposed to repay the financing of the purchase or installation of products or devices not permanently affixed to commercial property. III-b. A municipality may enter into an agreement to impose a voluntary special assessment only after a project application is approved. The special assessment is created through a written contract between the municipality and with the recorded property owner of the commercial property or the property owner of a leasehold estate to be assessed. III-c. Prior to entering into the written assessment contract, the property owner must receive and furnish to the program administrator a written statement, executed by each holder of a mortgage or deed of trust on the property securing indebtedness, consenting to the assessment and indicating that the assessment does not constitute an event of default under the mortgage or deed of trust. III-d. To establish a C-PACER program under this chapter, the municipality shall take action in the following order, and adopt a resolution that includes: (a) A finding that the financing of qualified projects through special assessments is a valid public purpose; (b) A statement that the municipality intends to authorize direct financing between property owners and capital providers as the means to finance qualified projects; (c) A statement that the municipality intends to authorize special assessments, entered into voluntarily by a property owner with the municipality by means of the written assessment contract, as the means to repay the financing for qualified projects available to property owners; (d) A description of the types of qualified projects that may be subject to special assessments; (e) A description of the boundaries of the region; (f) That administration of the program shall be by the authority or its designee; and (g) A statement identifying the appropriate municipal program official or department responsible for executing the appropriate documentation for the imposition of a special assessment. III-e. The authority is authorized to impose fees and charges deemed necessary by the authority for the purposes of administering the program. To the degree collected from the property owner, the authority shall reimburse a municipality for actual expenses incurred by the municipality in the performance of the municipalities' duties pursuant to this chapter. IV. Participate in state or federal programs providing support for municipal energy efficiency and clean energy finance programs such as those authorized by this chapter. V. Enter into agreements with owners of eligible property in which the owners have consented to make energy conservation and efficiency improvements or clean energy improvements to their properties and to have the municipality include a special assessment to pay for such improvements on their property tax bills, their bills for water or sewer service or another municipal service, or separate bills, provided that such agreements shall not affect the tax liability or municipal services charges of other participating or nonparticipating property owners in the district. Source. 2010, 215:2. 2011, 68:2, eff. July 15, 2011. 2014, 294:2, eff. Sept. 30, 2014. 2015, 121:2, eff. June 8, 2015. 2023, 91:1, eff. Aug. 19, 2023. 2025, 1:3, eff. March 10, 2025.

RSA 53-F:4 Agreements With Property Owners.

53-F:4. Agreements With Property Owners. I. (a) A municipality may make an assessment under this chapter only pursuant to an agreement entered into with the free and willing consent of the owner of an eligible property to which the assessment applies. In the case of any eligible property with multiple owners, an agreement under this chapter shall be signed by all owners or the owner or owners designated by appropriate documentation to sign on behalf of the property. (b) The agreement shall stipulate that all funding for the qualifying improvements shall be made by private lenders pursuant to a separate financing agreement between the lender and the property owner, and that the financing is secured by a special assessment lien on the eligible property. The agreement shall include a payment schedule showing the term over which payments will be due on the assessment, the frequency with which payments will be billed and the amount of each payment, and the annual amount due on the assessment. The obligations of the agreement and lien will run with the eligible property. If the property is sold, the new owner shall automatically assume the obligations of the agreement, note, and subject to the special assessment lien and shall be subject to all liability related to such obligations. Upon full payment of the amount of the special assessment lien, including all outstanding interest and charges and any penalties that may become due, the municipality shall provide the then participating property owner with a written statement certifying that the special assessment lien has been paid in full and shall record a discharge of the lien from the private lender. II. The assessment agreement shall disclose to the owners of eligible property participating in the program the risks associated with their participation, including risks related to their failure to make payments and the risk of enforcement by power of sale under RSA 479. III. The municipality shall execute a notice of the assessment and lien, and an assignment of notice of assessment and lien under this chapter for recording in the county registry of deeds. The notice shall consist of the following statement or its substantial equivalent: "This property is subject to a special assessment related to the installation of qualifying improvements under RSA 53-F." IV. Any personal or business financial information provided to a municipality or an entity administering a program under this chapter on behalf of a municipality by a participating property owner or potential participating property owner shall be considered confidential, commercial, or financial information under RSA 91-A:5. Source. 2010, 215:2. 2011, 68:5, eff. July 15, 2011. 2014, 294:3, eff. Sept. 30, 2014. 2015, 121:3, eff. June 8, 2015. 2025, 1:4, eff. March 10, 2025. 2026, 250:3, eff. July 2, 2026.

RSA 53-F:5 Eligibility of Property Owners.

53-F:5. Eligibility of Property Owners. I. A municipality may enter into an agreement under this chapter only with the legal owner of eligible property. II. Prior to entering into an agreement with an owner of eligible property, the municipality shall determine that all property taxes and any other assessments levied with property taxes are current and that there are no involuntary liens such as mechanic's liens on the property in excess of $10,000 and which are not removed at the time of the close of the financing transaction. II-a. A property may be eligible for financing if otherwise qualified improvements were completed and operational no more than 36 months prior to submission of the application to the program administrator. Waivers to the 36-month requirement may be granted in the sole discretion of the program administrator. III. Each mortgagee or lienholder shall have the right to determine in its sole discretion whether or not it will consent to such financing. The consents shall be in writing and recorded with the notice of assessment in the registry of deeds. The legal effect of having all consents shall be that the municipal lien shall not be extinguished in the event of a foreclosure or tax foreclosure or sheriff's sale by the mortgagee or lienholder as provided in RSA 53-F:8. Further, any provision of a deed of trust, mortgage, or any other agreement between a consenting lienholder and a property owner providing for the acceleration of any payment under the deed of trust, mortgage, or agreement solely as the result of entering into an agreement to finance an assessment is not enforceable; however, a holder or loan servicer may increase the monthly amount held in escrow as may be required to annually pay the assessment and the mortgage holder shall remit such amounts in the manner that property taxes are escrowed and remitted. IV. The term of repayment shall not exceed 30 years. Source. 2010, 215:2, eff. Aug. 27, 2010. 2014, 294:4, eff. Sept. 30, 2014. 2015, 121:4, eff. June 8, 2015. 2025, 1:5, eff. March 10, 2025.

RSA 53-F:6 Qualifying Improvements.

53-F:6. Qualifying Improvements. I. The authority shall establish a C-PACER application and review process to review and evaluate project applications for C-PACER financing and prescribe the form and manner of the application. Under the application, an applicant shall demonstrate: (a) That the project provides a benefit to the public in the form of energy or water resource conservation, reduced public health costs and/or risk, or reduced public emergency response cost and/or risk. (b) For an existing building: (1) Where energy or water usage improvements are proposed, an energy analysis by a licensed engineering firm or engineer, or other qualified professional listed in the program guidebook, stating that the proposed qualified improvements will either result in more efficient use or conservation of energy or water, the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, or the addition of renewable sources of energy or water, or (2) Where renewable energy is proposed, an engineering study showing that the improvements are feasible; or (3) Where resilience improvements are proposed, certification by a licensed professional engineer stating that the qualified improvements will result in improved resilience. (c) For new construction, certification by a licensed professional engineer or engineering firm stating that the proposed qualified improvements will enable the project to exceed the energy efficiency or water efficiency or renewable energy or water usage or resilience requirements of the current building code. II. (a) The principal amount of any financing, excluding interest, shall not exceed 35 percent of the appraised real property value, as stabilized or as complete, or the actual cost of installing renewable energy systems, energy efficiency improvements, water efficiency improvements and resiliency improvements, including the costs of necessary equipment, materials, and labor, financing costs, ancillary costs, the costs of each related energy or water audit or feasibility study, and the cost of verification of such renewable energy system and energy efficiency, water efficiency, and resiliency improvements. (b) The financing for assessments imposed may also include but is not limited to: (1) Permit fees; (2) Inspection fees; (3) Lender fees; (4) Program application and administrative fees; (5) Project development and engineering fees; (6) Interest reserves; (7) Capitalized interest, in an amount determined by the owner of the commercial property and the third-party providing financing under this section; and (8) Any other fees or costs incurred by the property owner incident to the installation, modification, or improvement on a specific or pro rata basis. III. The recording of all documents under this section may be performed by the municipality or their designee. A municipality's duties in a program shall include the: (a) Timely execution of the written assessment contract between the property owner and the municipality, by a duly authorized official, as well as execution of the municipality notice of assessment and C-PACER lien; and (b) Execution of the assignment of the assessment agreement and the notice of assessment and C-PACER lien to the capital provider. IV. The authority and any municipality, its officers, and employees, shall not be liable at law and equity for any actions taken in pursuant of this section, except for gross and willful misconduct. Neither the members of the authority's board of directors, nor any officer or employee of the authority shall be personally liable in ordinary negligence under this chapter. The state shall indemnify a board member or officer or employee of the authority for expenses related to defense against an ordinary negligence action. Neither the state nor the authority nor any officer or employee of either of them shall be subject to any liability for actions taken to protect the interests of the state, the authority, or any owner of the authority's bonds, provided that such actions are not reckless or wanton. V. After an approved project is completed, an applicant shall provide to the authority written verification, as defined in the program guidebook, stating that the qualified project was properly completed and is operating as intended. Source. 2010, 215:2, eff. Aug. 27, 2010. 2015, 121:5, eff. June 8, 2015. 2021, 91:218, eff. July 1, 2021. 2025, 1:6, eff. March 10, 2025.

RSA 53-F:7 Financing Terms.

53-F:7. Financing Terms. I. Prior to entering into a special assessment agreement, the municipality shall receive from the program administrator certification that the proposed eligible improvements, eligible property and property owner qualify for financing pursuant to the program. II. Upon receiving certification of approval from the program administrator, the municipality shall: (a) Execute the assessment agreement; and (b) Execute the written notice of assessment and lien, prepared by the administrator, which shall be recorded in the records of the office of the county register of deeds of the county in which the property is located. The notice required under this subparagraph shall contain: (1) The amount of the assessment; (2) The legal description of the property; (3) The name of each property owner; (4) A copy of the written assessment agreement; (5) The date on which the lien was created; (6) The principal amount of the lien; and (7) The term of the lien. (c) The municipality, or its designee, may assign the recording of executed assignment of the notice of assessment and lien. III. A special assessment that meets the requirements of RSA 53-F:5 and any interest or penalties on the assessment: (a) Is a first and prior lien against the commercial property on which the assessment is imposed, from the date on which the notice of special assessment is recorded until the assessment, interest, or penalty is paid; and (b) Has the same priority status as a lien for any other ad valorem tax, except that it shall be junior to any lien for property tax or other taxes or assessments by the municipality; (c) The lien runs with the land, and that portion of the assessment under the assessment contract that is not yet due may not be accelerated or eliminated by foreclosure of a property tax lien or any foreclosure under state law. IV. The proposed arrangements for financing a qualified project may authorize the property owner to: (a) Directly purchase the related equipment and materials for the installation or modification of a qualified improvement; or (b) Contract directly, including through lease, power purchase agreement, or other service contract, for the related equipment and materials used in the installation or modification of a qualified improvement. Source. 2010, 215:2. 2011, 68:3, eff. July 15, 2011. 2014, 294:5, eff. Sept. 30, 2014. 2015, 121:6, eff. June 8, 2015. 2025, 1:7, eff. March 10, 2025.

RSA 53-F:8 Priority; Collection and Enforcement.

53-F:8. Priority; Collection and Enforcement. I. The municipality shall be responsible for all billing, collection, and enforcement of the special assessment and lien, provided however that the municipality may delegate such responsibilities to any outside third party approved by the program administrator and further deemed acceptable to the municipality. II. Under this section, delinquent installments shall incur interest and penalties as specified in the financing agreement between the property owner and capital provider. Enforcement of a delinquent installment by a capital provider shall be enforced with the provisions of paragraph III and shall follow the procedures under RSA 479, including the power of sale, except that assessments not yet due may not be accelerated or eliminated by foreclosure of the past due amounts of the lien. Any outstanding and delinquent property taxes at the time of the enforcement action shall be satisfied along with the delinquent amounts of the special assessment lien. III. Neither the state nor any county nor any municipality nor any program administrator may use public funds to fund or repay any financing or lien between a capital provider and property owner except to the degree funds are received from the project expressly for such a purpose. No section under this chapter shall be interpreted to pledge, offer, or encumber the full faith and credit of the state, county, program administrator, or a municipality, nor shall any municipality pledge, offer, or encumber its full faith and credit for any lien amount through a program. Source. 2010, 215:2. 2011, 68:6, eff. July 15, 2011. 2014, 294:6, eff. Sept. 30, 2014. 2015, 121:7, eff. June 8, 2015. 2023, 91:2, eff. Aug. 19, 2023. 2025, 1:8, eff. March 10, 2025.

Source: New Hampshire General Court (gc.nh.gov)URL: https://gc.nh.gov/rsa/html/NHTOC/NHTOC-III-53-F.htmFetched: 10/20/2026